PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand		Cambrian of West Avalonia	Devonian of Eastern North America		Cambrian of Britain		Permian of Western Europe	Silurian of England		Ordovician of North America
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †																			2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean																				3.6
	Miocene	Messinian																				5.333
		Tortonian																				7.246
		Serravallian																				11.63
		Langhian																				13.82
		Burdigalian																				15.98
		Aquitanian																				20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																				23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian																				27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian																				33.9
		Bartonian																				37.71
		Lutetian																				41.2
		Ypresian																				47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian																				56
		Selandian																				59.2
		Danian																				61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																				66
		Campanian																				72.1
		Santonian																				83.6
		Coniacian																				86.3
		Turonian																				89.8
		Cenomanian																				93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																				100.5
		Aptian																				113
		Barremian																				121.4
		Hauterivian																				125.77
		Valanginian																				132.6
		Berriasian																				139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian				Oteke	Puaroan															145
		Kimmeridgian				Oteke	Puaroan															149.2
						Kawhia	Ohauan															150
							Heterian															154.5
		Oxfordian																				154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																				161.5
		Callovian					Temaikan															164.3
		Bathonian																				165.3
		Bajocian																				168.2
		Aalenian																				170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian																				174.7
		Toarcian				Herangi	Ururoan															176
		Pliensbachian					Ururoan															184.2
		Pliensbachian					Aratauran															188.9
		Sinemurian																				192.9
		Hettangian																				199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian				Balfour	Otapirian															201.4
		Norian					Warepan															208.5
							Otamitan															217
							Oretian															221
		Carnian					Oretian															227
		Carnian				Gore	Kaihikuan															227.5
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian					Kaihikuan															237
		Ladinian					Etalian															238
		Anisian					Etalian															242
		Anisian					Malakovian															246
	Early Triassic	Olenekian					Malakovian															247.2
		Olenekian					Nelsonian															249
		Induan					Nelsonian															251.2
		Induan				DUrville	Makarewan															251.5
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian					Makarewan															251.902
		Changhsingian					Waiitian															253.2
		Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †			Waiitian						Zechstein									254.14
		Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †			Puruhauan						Zechstein									254.2
	Guadalupian	Capitanian				Aparima	Flettian						Rotliegendes									259.51
		Wordian			264.28		Flettian
		Wordian			Barettian		266
		Roadian					266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian					273.01
		Kungurian			Mangapirian		276
		Artinskian			Mangapirian		Autunian	283.5
					Telfordian			285
								288.5
		Sakmarian						290.1
		Asselian						293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian						298.9
		Kasimovian						303.7
		Moscovian						307
		Bashkirian						315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian						323.2
		Visean						330.9
		Tournaisian						346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Conewangan/Conneautan/Canadaway					358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	West Fallsian/Sonyean					372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Geneseean/Taghanican/Tioughniogan					Cazenovian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	Southwoodian					Cazenovian	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Sawkillian/Deer Parkian					Helderbergian	393.3
		Pragian							407.6
		Lochkovian							410.8
Silurian	Pridoli								Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle	Whitcliffe/Leintwardine	419.2
	Pridoli								Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle	Bringewood/Elton	421.3
	Ludlow	Ludfordian							Coalbrookdale	Wenlock (England)/Tickwood	423
		Gorstian									425.6
		Gorstian								Buildwas	426.4 *
	Wenlock	Homerian								Buildwas	427.4
		Homerian							Wych	Woolhope	428.4 *
		Sheinwoodian									430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian									433.4
		Telychian									436.3 *
		Aeronian									438.5
		Aeronian							Cowleigh Park		439.3 *
		Rhuddanian							Cowleigh Park		440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian									Cincinnatian	Gamachian	Harju	Porkuni	443.8
		Katian										Gamachian		Pirgu	445.2
												Richmondian		Pirgu	446 *
												Richmondian		Vormsi	449.6 *
												Maysvillian		Vormsi	Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
												Maysvillian		Nabala		Johvi †	450 *
												Edenian		Nabala			450.4 *
												Edenian	Viru	Rakvere			450.6 *
											Mohawkian	Chatfieldian		Rakvere			451.1 *
														Oandu			452 *
		Sandbian												Keila		Idavere †	453
												Turinian		Keila			453.7 *
														Haljala			453.9
														Kukruse			456.4 *
											Whiterockian			Kukruse	Canadian †		Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
														Uhaku		Aluoja †		457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian												Uhaku				458.4
														Lasnamagi				458.9 *
														Aseri				460.4 *
													Oeland	Kunda				462.9 *
														Kunda		Valaste †/Hunderum		464.3 *
														Volkhov				Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian																	467.3
												Rangerian							469.1 *
												Rangerian		Billingen					469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian									Ibexian	Blackhillsian					Jeffersonian †		Cassinian †	470
				Latorp †														470.1 *
														Hunneberg				473.7 *
												Tulean						473.9 *
		Tremadocian										Tulean						477.7
												Stairsian						480.3 *
												Stairsian		Varangu				481.3 *
												Skullrockian		Varangu				Demingian †	482 *
														Pakerort				Demingian †	482.2 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10		Merioneth	Dolgellian/Trempealeauan									Pakerort					485.4
																			486.3 *
																			486.5
												487.5
					Festiniogian							489.2 *
		Jiangshanian			Festiniogian							489.5
		Jiangshanian			Maentwrogian							493.1 *
		Paibian			Maentwrogian							494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian		Series 3 †	St Davids														497
		Guzhangian																	Arcadian	498.4
		Drumian																		500.5
		Wuliuan																		Stage 5 †	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4																	Branchian	Caerfai	509
		Stage 3																	Branchian		514
		Stage 3																	Placentian		517.1
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2	521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian	529
																						538.8