PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
A. G. Sennikov and V. K. Golubev. 2006. Vyazniki Biotic Assemblage of the Terminal Permian. Paleontological Journal 40(suppl. 4):S475-S481 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand		Cambrian of North America		Cambrian of Australia	Ammonite Chrons of North America			Permian of the Russian Platform		Permo-Triassic Subages of Eastern Europe	Cenozoic Subepochs	Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan																Wanganui	Haweran	0
		Northgrippian																		0.0042
		Greenlandian																		0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene															Late Pleistocene			0.0117
		Chibanian															Middle Pleistocene			0.129
		Chibanian															Middle Pleistocene		Castlecliffian	0.34
		Calabrian															Early Pleistocene		Castlecliffian	0.774
		Calabrian																	Nukumaruan	1.63
		Gelasian																	Nukumaruan	1.8
		Gelasian																	Mangapanian	2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †														Late Pliocene		Mangapanian	2.58
		Piacenzian															Late Pliocene		Waipipian	3
		Zanclean															Early Pliocene		Waipipian	3.6
		Zanclean															Early Pliocene		Opoitian	3.7
	Miocene	Messinian															Late Miocene	Taranaki	Kapitean	5.333
		Messinian																	Tongaporutuan	7.2
		Tortonian																	Tongaporutuan	7.246
		Tortonian																Southland	Waiauan	11.04
		Serravallian															Middle Miocene		Waiauan	11.63
		Serravallian																	Lillburnian	13.05
		Langhian																	Lillburnian	13.82
																			Clifdenian	15.1
																		Pareora	Altonian	15.9
		Burdigalian															Early Miocene		Altonian	15.98
		Burdigalian																	Otaian	18.7
		Aquitanian																	Otaian	20.44
		Aquitanian																Landon	Waitakian	21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian															Late Oligocene		Waitakian	23.03
																			Duntroonian	25.2
																			Whaingaroan	27.3
		Rupelian															Early Oligocene			27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian															Late Eocene			33.9
																		Arnold	Runangan	34.6
																			Kaiatan	36.7
		Bartonian															Middle Eocene		Kaiatan	37.71
		Bartonian																	Bortonian	39.1
		Lutetian																	Bortonian	41.2
																		Dannevirke	Porangan	42.6
																			Heretaungan	45.7
		Ypresian															Early Eocene		Heretaungan	47.8
																			Mangaorapan	48.9
																			Waipawan	52
	Paleocene	Thanetian															Late Paleocene		Teurian	56
		Selandian															Middle Paleocene			59.2
		Danian															Early Paleocene			61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																Mata	Haumurian	66
		Campanian																	Haumurian	72.1
		Santonian																	Piripauan	83.6
		Santonian																Raukumara	Teratan	86.1
		Coniacian																		86.3
		Turonian																		89.8
																			Mangaotanean	90.5
																			Arowhanan	93.7
		Cenomanian																	Arowhanan	93.9
																		Clarence	Ngaterian	95.2
																			Motuan	99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																	Motuan	100.5
																			Urutawan	103.3
																		Taitai	Korangan	108.4
		Aptian																	Korangan	113
		Aptian																		117.5
		Barremian																		121.4
		Hauterivian																		125.77
		Valanginian																		132.6
		Berriasian		139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian		Oteke	Puaroan		145
		Kimmeridgian		Oteke	Puaroan		149.2
				Kawhia	Ohauan		150
					Heterian		154.5
		Oxfordian					154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian					161.5
		Callovian			Temaikan		164.3
		Bathonian					165.3
		Bajocian					Epizigzagiceras	168.2
		Bajocian					Rotundum/Oblatum/Kirschneri/Crassicostatus/Widebayense	168.4
		Aalenian					Howelli/Scissum/Westermanni	170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian					Yakounensis/Hillebrandti/Crassicosta	174.7
				Herangi	Ururoan		Yakounensis/Hillebrandti/Crassicosta	176
							Planulata	179.3 *
							Planulata	Arnioceras arnouldi	179.8 *
							Kanense		181.3 *
							Carlottense		182.3 *
							Kunae		183.5 *
		Pliensbachian					Kunae		184.2
							Freboldi		185.1 *
							Whiteavesi/Imlayi		Tetraspidoceras	186.2 *
					Aratauran		Whiteavesi/Imlayi			188.9
										189.2 *
							Plesechioceras harbledownense/Asteroceras varians/Coroniceras		Canadensis	190.3 *
		Sinemurian								192.9
							Pseudaetomoceras	Psiloceras		196.4 *
							Franziceras/Euphyllites			196.5 *
		Hettangian					Franziceras/Euphyllites			199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian		Balfour	Otapirian					201.4
		Norian			Warepan					208.5
					Otamitan					217
					Oretian					221
		Carnian			Oretian					227
		Carnian		Gore	Kaihikuan					227.5
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian			Kaihikuan					237
		Ladinian			Etalian					238
		Anisian			Etalian					242
		Anisian			Malakovian					246
	Early Triassic	Olenekian			Malakovian					Vokhmian	247.2
		Olenekian			Nelsonian						249
		Induan			Nelsonian						251.2
		Induan		DUrville	Makarewan						251.5
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian			Makarewan						251.902
		Changhsingian			Waiitian						253.2
		Wuchiapingian	Longtanian †		Waiitian					Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian	254.14
					Puruhauan						254.2
					Puruhauan						Tatarian	Vyatkian	256.8 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian		Aparima	Flettian					Severodvinian		Late Severodvinian/Early Severodvinian	259.51
		Wordian			Flettian					Urzhumian		Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian	264.28
		Wordian			Barettian					Urzhumian		Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian	266
		Roadian								Kazanian	Povolzhian	Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian	266.9
		Roadian								Kazanian	Sokian	Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian	270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian								Kungurian	Irenian/Ufimian		273.01
					Mangapirian						Irenian/Ufimian		276
											Filipovian		276.5 *
											Saraninian		280.1 *
		Artinskian								Artinskian	Sarginian		283.5
					Telfordian						Sarginian		285
											Irginian		285.9 *
											Burtsevian		287.8 *
											Burtsevian		288.5
		Sakmarian								Sakmarian	Sterlitamakian		290.1
		Sakmarian								Sakmarian	Tastubian		291.7 *
		Asselian								Asselian	Shikhanian		293.52
						Uskalykian					294.8
						Surenian					297.5
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian									Mapingian †		298.9
		Kasimovian									Mapingian †		303.7
		Kasimovian											305.9
		Moscovian											307
		Bashkirian											315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian											323.2
		Visean											330.9
		Tournaisian											346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian											358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian											372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian											382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian											387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian											393.3
		Pragian											407.6
		Lochkovian											410.8
Silurian	Pridoli												419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian											423
	Ludlow	Gorstian											425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian											427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian											430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian											433.4
		Aeronian											438.5
		Rhuddanian											440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian											Hirnantian	Xiaoxita †/Shikou	Wufeng †	443.8
		Katian							Chientangkiangian				445.2		Wufeng †
		Katian							Neichianshanian/Hanjiang						449.5
		Sandbian					453		Neichianshanian/Hanjiang
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian					Darriwilian	Guniu †/Hulo	458.4
		Darriwilian					Darriwilian	Hunjiang †	Dawan †/Daobaowan/Ningkuo				466.3 *
		Dapingian					Dapingian						467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian					Yiyangian						470
		Tremadocian					Xinchangian						477.7
		Tremadocian					Xinchangian		Lianghekou †				477.9 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10					Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan	Datsonian							485.4
								Payntonian							486.8 *
								Payntonian							Sunwaptan	487.5
		Jiangshanian						Iverian							Sunwaptan	489.5
		Jiangshanian						Iverian							Steptoean	493 *
		Paibian						Idamean							Steptoean	494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian					Series 3 †	Marjumian							Albertian †	Mindyallan	497
		Guzhangian														Boomerangian	499
		Drumian														Undillan	500.5
		Drumian														Floran	503
		Wuliuan	Stage 5 †					Topazan								Templetonian	504.5
								Delamaran								Templetonian	506.5
																Ordian	507.8 *
	Series 2	Stage 4													Waucoban †	Ordian	509
																	510.8 *
								Dyeran									511 *
		Stage 3						Dyeran									514
								Montezuman				514.8 *
								Begadean				519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2										521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian										529
																				538.8