PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand		Cambrian of North America		Permian of North America		Carboniferous of North America	Cenozoic Subepochs	Devonian of Eastern North America		Devonian of Czechoslovakia	Mesozoic Subages
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene											Late Pleistocene						0.0117
		Chibanian											Middle Pleistocene						0.129
		Calabrian											Early Pleistocene						0.774
		Gelasian											Early Pleistocene						1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †										Late Pliocene						2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean											Early Pliocene						3.6
	Miocene	Messinian											Late Miocene						5.333
		Tortonian											Late Miocene						7.246
		Serravallian											Middle Miocene						11.63
		Langhian											Middle Miocene						13.82
		Burdigalian											Early Miocene						15.98
		Aquitanian											Early Miocene						20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian											Late Oligocene						23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian											Early Oligocene						27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian											Late Eocene						33.9
		Bartonian											Middle Eocene						37.71
		Lutetian											Middle Eocene						41.2
		Ypresian											Early Eocene						47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian											Late Paleocene						56
		Selandian											Middle Paleocene						59.2
		Danian											Early Paleocene						61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian															Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian		66
		Campanian															Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian		72.1
		Santonian															Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian		83.6
		Coniacian															Late Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian		86.3
		Turonian															Late Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian		89.8
		Cenomanian															Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian		93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian															Late Albian		100.5
																	Middle Albian		106.2 *
																	Early Albian		109.9 *
		Aptian															Late Aptian		113
		Aptian															Early Aptian		119.5 *
		Barremian															Late Barremian/Early Barremian		121.4
		Hauterivian															Late Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian		125.77
		Valanginian															Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian		132.6
		Berriasian															Late Berriasian		139.8
																	Middle Berriasian		140.6 *
																	Early Berriasian		142.7 *
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian				Oteke	Puaroan										Late Tithonian	Middle Tithonian	145
		Tithonian															Early Tithonian	Middle Tithonian	146.3 *
		Kimmeridgian															Late Kimmeridgian		149.2
						Kawhia	Ohauan										Late Kimmeridgian		150
							Ohauan										Early Kimmeridgian		152.2 *
							Heterian										Early Kimmeridgian		154.5
		Oxfordian															Late Oxfordian	Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian	154.8
		Oxfordian																Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian	157.9 *
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian															Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian		161.5
		Callovian					Temaikan										Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian		164.3
		Bathonian															Late Bathonian/Middle Bathonian/Early Bathonian		165.3
		Bajocian															Late Bajocian		168.2
		Bajocian															Early Bajocian		168.6 *
		Aalenian															Late Aalenian/Middle Aalenian/Early Aalenian		170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian															Late Toarcian		174.7
						Herangi	Ururoan										Late Toarcian		176
																	Middle Toarcian		180.4 *
																	Early Toarcian		182.9 *
		Pliensbachian															Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian		184.2
		Pliensbachian					Aratauran										Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian		188.9
		Sinemurian															Late Sinemurian/Early Sinemurian		192.9
		Hettangian															Late Hettangian/Middle Hettangian/Early Hettangian		199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian				Balfour	Otapirian												201.4
		Norian					Warepan										Sevatian		208.5
																	Alaunian		213.2 *
																	Lacian		216.7 *
				Otamitan	217
				Oretian	221
		Carnian		Oretian	Tuvalian		227
				Gore	Tuvalian	Kaihikuan	227.5
					Julian		233.4 *
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian			Longobardian		237
					Longobardian	Etalian	238
					Fassanian		239.7 *
		Anisian			Illyrian		242
					Pelsonian		243.8 *
					Bithynian		244.7 *
					Aegean		245.5 *
					Aegean	Malakovian	246
	Early Triassic	Olenekian			Spathian		247.2
					Smithian		248.9 *
					Smithian	Nelsonian	249
		Induan			Dienerian		251.2
					Griesbachian		251.4 *
				DUrville	Griesbachian	Makarewan	251.5
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian				Makarewan	251.902
		Changhsingian				Waiitian	253.2
		Wuchiapingian	Longtanian †			Waiitian	254.14
		Wuchiapingian	Longtanian †			Puruhauan	254.2
	Guadalupian	Capitanian		Aparima		Flettian	Capitanian	259.51
		Wordian				Flettian	Wordian	264.28
		Wordian				Barettian	Wordian	266
		Roadian					Roadian	266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian					Leonardian	Cathedralian	273.01
						Mangapirian		Cathedralian	276
								Hessian	281.9 *
		Artinskian							283.5
						Telfordian			285
						Telfordian	Wolfcampian	Lenoxian	286.1 *
									288.5
		Sakmarian							290.1
		Asselian						Nealian	Bursumian †	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian							Virgilian	298.9
		Kasimovian							Missourian	303.7
		Kasimovian							Desmoinesian	305.9 *
		Moscovian							Desmoinesian	307
		Moscovian							Atokan	312.7 *
		Bashkirian							Atokan	315.2
		Bashkirian							Morrowan	318.4 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian							Chesterian	323.2
		Visean							Chesterian	330.9
									Meramecian	335.8 *
									Osagean	343.1 *
		Tournaisian							Osagean	346.7
		Tournaisian							Kinderhookian	351.9 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian								Conewangan/Conneautan/Canadaway	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian								West Fallsian/Sonyean	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian								Geneseean/Taghanican/Tioughniogan	Cazenovian	Srbsko	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian								Southwoodian	Cazenovian	Chotec	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian								Sawkillian/Deer Parkian	Helderbergian	Daleje/Zlichovian	393.3
		Pragian										Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian										Lochkovian	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli												419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian											423
	Ludlow	Gorstian											425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian											427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian											430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian											433.4
		Aeronian											438.5
		Rhuddanian											440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian											443.8
		Katian											445.2
		Sandbian											453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian											458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian											467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian											470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian											477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10											Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan	485.4
		Stage 10												Sunwaptan	487.5
		Jiangshanian												Sunwaptan	489.5
		Jiangshanian												Steptoean	493 *
		Paibian												Steptoean	494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian											Series 3 †	Marjumian	Albertian †	497
		Drumian												Marjumian		500.5
		Wuliuan	Stage 5 †											Topazan		504.5
		Wuliuan	Stage 5 †											Delamaran		506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4												Delamaran	Waucoban †	509
		Stage 4												Dyeran		511 *
		Stage 3												Dyeran		514
					Montezuman									514.8 *
					Begadean									519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2												521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian												529
																			538.8