PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. J. Prevosti, C. O. Romano, A. M. Forasiepi, S. Hemming, R. Bonini, A. M. Candela, E. Cerdeño, M. C. Madozzo Jaén, P. E. Ortiz, F. Pujos, L. Rasia, G. I. Schmidt, M. Taglioretti, R. D. E. MacPhee, and U. F. J. Pardiñas. 2021. New radiometric 40Ar–39Ar dates and faunistic analyses refine evolutionary dynamics of Neogene vertebrate assemblages in southern South America. Scientific Reports 2021(11):9830 view
J. J. Flynn and C. C. Swisher, III. 1995. Cenozoic South American Land Mammal Ages: correlation to global geochronology. Geochronology Time Scales and Global Stratigraphic Correlation, SEPM Special Publication 54:317-333 view
M. Harzhauser and W. E. Piller. 2004. Integrated stratigraphy of the Sarmatian (Upper Middle Miocene) in the western Central Paratethys. Stratigraphy 1(1):65-86 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand		Cambrian of Kazakhstan	Carboniferous Subepochs	South American Land Mammal Ages		Central Paratethys Stages	Ordovician of the Baltic				Devonian Subages
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene								Lujanian								0.0117
		Chibanian								Lujanian								0.129
		Chibanian								Ensenadan								0.3 *
		Calabrian								Ensenadan								0.774
		Calabrian								Sanandresian	Uquian †							1.7 *
		Gelasian								Sanandresian								1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †							Vorohuean								2.58
		Piacenzian								Chapadmalalan								2.9 *
		Zanclean								Chapadmalalan								3.6
										Montehermosan								3.7 *
										Huayquerian								4.9 *
	Miocene	Messinian																5.333
		Tortonian										Pannonian						7.246
										Chasicoan								7.9 *
										Mayoan								9.9 *
										Laventan								10.9 *
		Serravallian										Sarmatian						11.63
												Badenian						12.8 *
										Colloncuran		Badenian						13.7 *
		Langhian								Colloncuran								13.82
		Langhian								Friasian								15.4 *
		Burdigalian								Friasian								15.98
										Santacrucian								16.2 *
										Colhuehuapian								17.4 *
		Aquitanian								Colhuehuapian								20.44
		Aquitanian								Deseadan								20.9 *
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																23.03
		Rupelian																27.82
		Rupelian								Tinguirirican								28.9 *
	Eocene	Priabonian								Tinguirirican								33.9
		Priabonian								Divisaderan								35.9 *
		Bartonian																37.71
		Lutetian																41.2
		Lutetian								Mustersan								41.9 *
		Ypresian								Mustersan								47.8
		Ypresian								Casamayoran								47.9 *
	Paleocene	Thanetian								Riochican								56
										Itaboraian								56.9 *
										Peligran								58.9 *
		Selandian																59.2
		Danian																61.6
		Danian								Tiupampan								62.4 *
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																66
		Campanian																72.1
		Santonian																83.6
		Coniacian																86.3
		Turonian																89.8
		Cenomanian																93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																100.5
		Aptian																113
		Barremian																121.4
		Hauterivian																125.77
		Valanginian																132.6
		Berriasian																139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian				Oteke	Puaroan											145
		Kimmeridgian				Oteke	Puaroan											149.2
						Kawhia	Ohauan											150
							Heterian											154.5
		Oxfordian																154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																161.5
		Callovian					Temaikan											164.3
		Bathonian																165.3
		Bajocian																168.2
		Aalenian																170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian		174.7
		Toarcian		Herangi	Ururoan	176
		Pliensbachian			Ururoan	184.2
		Pliensbachian			Aratauran	188.9
		Sinemurian				192.9
		Hettangian				199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian		Balfour	Otapirian	201.4
		Norian			Warepan	208.5
					Otamitan	217
					Oretian	221
		Carnian			Oretian	227
		Carnian		Gore	Kaihikuan	227.5
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian			Kaihikuan	237
		Ladinian			Etalian	238
		Anisian			Etalian	242
		Anisian			Malakovian	246
	Early Triassic	Olenekian			Malakovian	247.2
		Olenekian			Nelsonian	249
		Induan			Nelsonian	251.2
		Induan		DUrville	Makarewan	251.5
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian			Makarewan	251.902
		Changhsingian			Waiitian	253.2
		Wuchiapingian			Waiitian	Longtanian †	254.14
		Wuchiapingian			Puruhauan	Longtanian †	254.2
	Guadalupian	Capitanian			Aparima	Flettian	259.51
		Wordian				Flettian	264.28
		Wordian				Barettian	266
		Roadian					266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian					273.01
		Kungurian				Mangapirian	276
		Artinskian				Mangapirian	283.5
						Telfordian	285
							288.5
		Sakmarian					290.1
		Asselian					293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian					Late Pennsylvanian	298.9
		Kasimovian					Late Pennsylvanian	303.7
		Moscovian					Middle Pennsylvanian	307
		Bashkirian					Early Pennsylvanian	315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian					Late Mississippian	323.2
		Visean					Middle Mississippian	330.9
		Tournaisian					Early Mississippian	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian					Late Famennian	358.9
							Middle Famennian	365.3 *
							Early Famennian	368.5 *
		Frasnian					Late Frasnian	372.2
							Middle Frasnian	375.4 *
							Early Frasnian	379.3 *
	Middle Devonian	Givetian					Late Givetian	382.7
							Middle Givetian	383.7 *
							Early Givetian	385.9 *
		Eifelian					Late Eifelian	387.7
		Eifelian					Early Eifelian	390.3 *
	Early Devonian	Emsian					Late Emsian	393.3
		Emsian					Early Emsian	398.3 *
		Pragian					Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian					Late Lochkovian	410.8
							Middle Lochkovian	412.8 *
							Early Lochkovian	415.6 *
Silurian	Pridoli							Ohesaare	419.2
	Pridoli							Kaugetuma	421.7 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian						Kuressaare	423
		Ludfordian						Paadla	423.4 *
		Gorstian						Paadla	425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian						Rootsikula	427.4
		Homerian						Jaagarahu	429.2 *
		Sheinwoodian						Jaagarahu	430.5
		Sheinwoodian						Jaani	431.8 *
	Llandovery	Telychian						Jaani	433.4
		Telychian						Adavere	434 *
		Aeronian						Adavere	438.5
		Aeronian						Raikkula	439.4 *
		Rhuddanian						Raikkula	440.8
		Rhuddanian						Juuru	441.4 *
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian						Harju	Porkuni		Cincinnatian	Gamachian	443.8
		Katian							Pirgu			Gamachian	445.2
									Pirgu			Richmondian	446 *
									Vormsi			Richmondian	449.6 *
									Vormsi			Maysvillian	Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
									Nabala			Maysvillian		Johvi †	450 *
									Nabala			Edenian			450.4 *
								Viru	Rakvere			Edenian			450.6 *
									Rakvere		Mohawkian	Chatfieldian			451.1 *
									Oandu						452 *
		Sandbian							Keila					Idavere †	453
									Keila			Turinian			453.7 *
									Haljala						453.9
									Kukruse						456.4 *
				Whiterockian					Kukruse			Canadian †	Chazyan †/Marmor		457 *
									Uhaku					Aluoja †	457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian							Uhaku						458.4
									Lasnamagi						458.9 *
									Aseri						460.4 *
								Oeland	Kunda						462.9 *
									Kunda					Valaste †/Hunderum	464.3 *
									Volkhov						Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian			467.3
					Rangerian	469.1 *
					Rangerian	Billingen			469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian		Ibexian	Blackhillsian				Jeffersonian †		Cassinian †		470
													Latorp †		470.1 *
						Hunneberg									473.7 *
					Tulean										473.9 *
		Tremadocian			Tulean										Ungurian	477.7
					Stairsian											480.3 *
					Stairsian	Varangu										481.3 *
			Skullrockian		Demingian †	Varangu					482 *
					Demingian †	Pakerort					482.2 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10			Batyrbaian	Pakerort									485.4
															486.3 *
															486.5
															487.5
		Jiangshanian													489.5
					Aksaian										490.7 *
					Sakian										492.2 *
		Paibian			Sakian										494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian			Series 3 †										Ayusokkanian	497
		Guzhangian														499.5
		Drumian													Zhanaarykian	500.5
		Drumian													Tuesaian	503
		Wuliuan													Tuesaian	Stage 5 †	504.5
		Wuliuan														Stage 5 †	505.3
	Series 2	Stage 4															509
							Toyonian								510 *
							Botomian								512.5 *
		Stage 3					Botomian								514
		Stage 3					Atdabanian								515.6 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2					Tommotian								521
																		525.5