PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand		Cambrian of Australia	Ordovician of China			Mesozoic Subages		Permian of Western Europe	Cambrian of North America
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †													2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean														3.6
	Miocene	Messinian														5.333
		Tortonian														7.246
		Serravallian														11.63
		Langhian														13.82
		Burdigalian														15.98
		Aquitanian														20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian														23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian														27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian														33.9
		Bartonian														37.71
		Lutetian														41.2
		Ypresian														47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian														56
		Selandian														59.2
		Danian														61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian										Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian				66
		Campanian										Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian				72.1
		Santonian										Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian				83.6
		Coniacian										Late Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian				86.3
		Turonian										Late Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian				89.8
		Cenomanian										Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian				93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian										Late Albian				100.5
												Middle Albian				106.2 *
												Early Albian				109.9 *
		Aptian										Late Aptian				113
		Aptian										Early Aptian				119.5 *
		Barremian										Late Barremian/Early Barremian				121.4
		Hauterivian										Late Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian				125.77
		Valanginian										Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian				132.6
		Berriasian										Late Berriasian				139.8
												Middle Berriasian				140.6 *
												Early Berriasian				142.7 *
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian				Oteke	Puaroan					Late Tithonian	Middle Tithonian			145
		Tithonian										Early Tithonian	Middle Tithonian			146.3 *
		Kimmeridgian										Late Kimmeridgian				149.2
						Kawhia	Ohauan					Late Kimmeridgian				150
							Ohauan					Early Kimmeridgian				152.2 *
							Heterian					Early Kimmeridgian				154.5
		Oxfordian										Late Oxfordian	Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian			154.8
		Oxfordian											Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian			157.9 *
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian										Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian				161.5
		Callovian					Temaikan					Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian				164.3
		Bathonian										Late Bathonian/Middle Bathonian/Early Bathonian				165.3
		Bajocian										Late Bajocian				168.2
		Bajocian										Early Bajocian				168.6 *
		Aalenian										Late Aalenian/Middle Aalenian/Early Aalenian				170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian										Late Toarcian				174.7
						Herangi	Ururoan					Late Toarcian				176
												Middle Toarcian				180.4 *
												Early Toarcian				182.9 *
		Pliensbachian										Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian				184.2
		Pliensbachian					Aratauran					Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian				188.9
		Sinemurian										Late Sinemurian/Early Sinemurian				192.9
		Hettangian										Late Hettangian/Middle Hettangian/Early Hettangian				199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian				Balfour	Otapirian									201.4
		Norian					Warepan					Sevatian				208.5
												Alaunian				213.2 *
												Lacian				216.7 *
							Otamitan									217
							Oretian									221
		Carnian					Oretian					Tuvalian				227
						Gore	Kaihikuan					Tuvalian				227.5
				Julian	233.4 *
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		Longobardian	237
				Longobardian	Etalian		238
				Fassanian			239.7 *
		Anisian		Illyrian			242
				Pelsonian			243.8 *
				Bithynian			244.7 *
				Aegean			245.5 *
				Aegean	Malakovian		246
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Spathian			247.2
				Smithian			248.9 *
				Smithian	Nelsonian		249
		Induan		Dienerian			251.2
				Griesbachian			251.4 *
				Griesbachian	DUrville	Makarewan	251.5
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian				Makarewan	251.902
		Changhsingian				Waiitian	253.2
		Wuchiapingian	Longtanian †			Waiitian	Zechstein	254.14
		Wuchiapingian	Longtanian †			Puruhauan	Zechstein	254.2
	Guadalupian	Capitanian			Aparima	Flettian	Rotliegendes	259.51
		Wordian				Flettian		264.28
		Wordian				Barettian		266
		Roadian						266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian						273.01
		Kungurian				Mangapirian		276
		Artinskian				Mangapirian	Autunian	283.5
						Telfordian		285
								288.5
		Sakmarian						290.1
		Asselian						293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian						298.9
		Kasimovian						303.7
		Moscovian						307
		Bashkirian						315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian						323.2
		Visean						330.9
		Tournaisian						346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian						358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian						372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian						382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian						387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian						393.3
		Pragian						407.6
		Lochkovian						410.8
Silurian	Pridoli							419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian						423
	Ludlow	Gorstian						425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian						427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian						430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian						433.4
		Aeronian						438.5
		Rhuddanian						440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian						Hirnantian	Xiaoxita †/Shikou	Wufeng †	443.8
		Katian						Chientangkiangian		Wufeng †	445.2
		Katian						Neichianshanian/Hanjiang			449.5
		Sandbian						Neichianshanian/Hanjiang			453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian						Darriwilian	Guniu †/Hulo		458.4
		Darriwilian						Darriwilian	Hunjiang †	Dawan †/Daobaowan/Ningkuo	466.3 *
		Dapingian						Dapingian			467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian						Yiyangian			470
		Tremadocian						Xinchangian			477.7
		Tremadocian						Xinchangian		Lianghekou †	477.9 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10						Datsonian				Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan	485.4
								Payntonian					486.8 *
								Payntonian					Sunwaptan	487.5
		Jiangshanian						Iverian					Sunwaptan	489.5
		Jiangshanian						Iverian					Steptoean	493 *
		Paibian						Idamean					Steptoean	494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian						Series 3 †				Mindyallan	Marjumian	Albertian †	497
		Guzhangian										Boomerangian			499
		Drumian										Undillan			500.5
		Drumian										Floran			503
		Wuliuan	Stage 5 †									Templetonian	Topazan		504.5
												Templetonian	Delamaran		506.5
												Ordian			507.8 *
	Series 2	Stage 4										Ordian		Waucoban †	509
															510.8 *
													Dyeran		511 *
		Stage 3											Dyeran		514
				Montezuman									514.8 *
				Begadean									519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2											521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian											529
																538.8