PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view
M. Freudenthal. 2006. Mammal Paleogene zones. personal communication view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand		Ordovician of the Baltic				Ammonite Chrons of North America			Cambrian of China		Devonian of France	Cambrian of Siberia		Mammal Paleogene Zones		Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan																				Wanganui	Haweran	0
		Northgrippian																						0.0042
		Greenlandian																						0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene																						0.0117
		Chibanian																						0.129
		Chibanian																					Castlecliffian	0.34
		Calabrian																					Castlecliffian	0.774
		Calabrian																					Nukumaruan	1.63
		Gelasian																					Nukumaruan	1.8
		Gelasian																					Mangapanian	2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †																				Mangapanian	2.58
		Piacenzian																					Waipipian	3
		Zanclean																					Waipipian	3.6
		Zanclean																					Opoitian	3.7
	Miocene	Messinian																				Taranaki	Kapitean	5.333
		Messinian																					Tongaporutuan	7.2
		Tortonian																					Tongaporutuan	7.246
		Tortonian																				Southland	Waiauan	11.04
		Serravallian																					Waiauan	11.63
		Serravallian																					Lillburnian	13.05
		Langhian																					Lillburnian	13.82
																							Clifdenian	15.1
																						Pareora	Altonian	15.9
		Burdigalian																					Altonian	15.98
		Burdigalian																					Otaian	18.7
		Aquitanian																					Otaian	20.44
		Aquitanian																				Landon	Waitakian	21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																		MP 30/MP 29/MP 28/MP 27/MP 26	MP 25		Waitakian	23.03
																							Duntroonian	25.2
																							Whaingaroan	27.3
		Rupelian																		MP 24/MP 23/MP 22/MP 21				27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian																		MP 20/MP 19/MP 18/MP 17B/MP 17A				33.9
																						Arnold	Runangan	34.6
																							Kaiatan	36.7
		Bartonian																		MP 16			Kaiatan	37.71
		Bartonian																		MP 16			Bortonian	39.1
		Lutetian																		MP 15/MP 14/MP 13/MP 12/MP 11			Bortonian	41.2
																						Dannevirke	Porangan	42.6
																							Heretaungan	45.7
		Ypresian																		MP 10/MP 8 + 9/MP 7			Heretaungan	47.8
																							Mangaorapan	48.9
																							Waipawan	52
	Paleocene	Thanetian																		MP 6	MP 1 - 5		Teurian	56
		Selandian																						59.2
		Danian																						61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																				Mata	Haumurian	66
		Campanian																					Haumurian	72.1
		Santonian																					Piripauan	83.6
		Santonian																				Raukumara	Teratan	86.1
		Coniacian																						86.3
		Turonian																						89.8
																							Mangaotanean	90.5
																							Arowhanan	93.7
		Cenomanian																					Arowhanan	93.9
																						Clarence	Ngaterian	95.2
																							Motuan	99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																					Motuan	100.5
																							Urutawan	103.3
																						Taitai	Korangan	108.4
		Aptian																					Korangan	113
		Aptian																						117.5
		Barremian																						121.4
		Hauterivian																						125.77
		Valanginian																						132.6
		Berriasian		139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian		Oteke	Puaroan		145
		Kimmeridgian		Oteke	Puaroan		149.2
				Kawhia	Ohauan		150
					Heterian		154.5
		Oxfordian					154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian					161.5
		Callovian			Temaikan		164.3
		Bathonian					165.3
		Bajocian					Epizigzagiceras	168.2
		Bajocian					Rotundum/Oblatum/Kirschneri/Crassicostatus/Widebayense	168.4
		Aalenian					Howelli/Scissum/Westermanni	170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian					Yakounensis/Hillebrandti/Crassicosta	174.7
				Herangi	Ururoan		Yakounensis/Hillebrandti/Crassicosta	176
							Planulata	179.3 *
							Planulata	Arnioceras arnouldi	179.8 *
							Kanense		181.3 *
							Carlottense		182.3 *
							Kunae		183.5 *
		Pliensbachian					Kunae		184.2
							Freboldi		185.1 *
							Whiteavesi/Imlayi		Tetraspidoceras	186.2 *
					Aratauran		Whiteavesi/Imlayi			188.9
										189.2 *
							Plesechioceras harbledownense/Asteroceras varians/Coroniceras		Canadensis	190.3 *
		Sinemurian								192.9
							Pseudaetomoceras	Psiloceras		196.4 *
							Franziceras/Euphyllites			196.5 *
		Hettangian					Franziceras/Euphyllites			199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian		Balfour	Otapirian					201.4
		Norian			Warepan					208.5
					Otamitan					217
					Oretian					221
		Carnian			Oretian					227
		Carnian		Gore	Kaihikuan					227.5
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian			Kaihikuan					237
		Ladinian			Etalian					238
		Anisian			Etalian					242
		Anisian			Malakovian					246
	Early Triassic	Olenekian			Malakovian					247.2
		Olenekian			Nelsonian					249
		Induan			Nelsonian					251.2
		Induan		DUrville	Makarewan					251.5
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian			Makarewan					251.902
		Changhsingian			Waiitian					253.2
		Wuchiapingian	Longtanian †		Waiitian					254.14
		Wuchiapingian	Longtanian †		Puruhauan					254.2
	Guadalupian	Capitanian		Aparima	Flettian					259.51
		Wordian			Flettian					264.28
		Wordian			Barettian					266
		Roadian								266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian								273.01
		Kungurian			Mangapirian					276
		Artinskian			Mangapirian					283.5
					Telfordian					285
										288.5
		Sakmarian								290.1
		Asselian								293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian								298.9
		Kasimovian								303.7
		Moscovian								307
		Bashkirian								315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian								323.2
		Visean								330.9
		Tournaisian								346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian				Famennian				358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian				Frasnian				372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian				Givetian				382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian				Couvinien				387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian								393.3
		Pragian								407.6
		Pragian				Coblencien				408.2 *
		Lochkovian				Gedinnine				410.8
Silurian	Pridoli									419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian								423
	Ludlow	Gorstian								425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian								Gleedonian	427.4
		Homerian								Whitwellian	429.7 *
		Sheinwoodian									430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian									433.4
		Aeronian									438.5
		Rhuddanian									440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian									Harju	Porkuni	443.8
		Katian										Pirgu	445.2
												Vormsi	449.6 *
												Nabala	Johvi †	450 *
											Viru	Rakvere		450.6 *
												Oandu		452 *
		Sandbian										Keila	Idavere †	453
												Haljala		453.9
												Kukruse		456.4 *
									Uhaku			Aluoja †	457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian							Uhaku				458.4
							Lasnamagi	458.9 *
							Aseri	460.4 *
							Oeland	Kunda	462.9 *
								Kunda	Valaste †/Hunderum		464.3 *
								Volkhov			Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian						Volkhov				467.3
		Dapingian						Billingen				469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian										470
									Latorp †			470.1 *
								Hunneberg				473.7 *
		Tremadocian						Hunneberg				477.7
								Varangu				481.3 *
								Pakerort				482.2 *
												Mansian †	483.55 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10										Niuchehean	Taoyuanian †	Batyrbaian	Tavgian †	Ketyan †/Yurakian	Merioneth	Dolgellian/Trempealeauan	485.4
																			486.3 *
																			486.5
																		Festiniogian	489.2 *
		Jiangshanian	Jiangshanian									489.5
												Aksaian		490.7 *
												Sakian		492.2 *
														Maentwrogian				493.1 *
		Paibian	Paibian															494
																Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian		494.7 *
													Waergangian †/Youshuanian			Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian		494.9 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Series 3 †									Guzhangian	Wangcunian †	Ayusokkanian			St Davids		497
		Guzhangian		Mayan/Menevian	499.5							Guzhangian
		Drumian		Mayan/Menevian	Drumian							500.5
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †	Wuliuan/Taijangian								Amgan/Solvan	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4			Duyunian								Amgan/Solvan	Caerfai			509
													Toyonian		Lenian †		510 *
													Botomian				512.5 *
		Stage 3			Nangaoian								Botomian				514
		Stage 3			Nangaoian								Atdabanian				515.6 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2			Meishucunian								Tommotian				521
		Stage 2											Nemakit-Daldynian				525.5
		Fortunian													Manykaian †		529
		Fortunian			Jinnigian										Manykaian †		530.7
																								538.8