PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
M. Harzhauser and W. E. Piller. 2004. Integrated stratigraphy of the Sarmatian (Upper Middle Miocene) in the western Central Paratethys. Stratigraphy 1(1):65-86 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand		Silurian of the Baltic	Central Paratethys Stages	Permian of Western Europe	Obsolete Carboniferous Ages of China	Ordovician of Britain				Devonian of Eastern North America		Permian of the Russian Platform	Mesozoic Subages		Cenozoic Subepochs
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene																			Late Pleistocene	0.0117
		Chibanian																			Middle Pleistocene	0.129
		Calabrian																			Early Pleistocene	0.774
		Gelasian																			Early Pleistocene	1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †																		Late Pliocene	2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean																			Early Pliocene	3.6
	Miocene	Messinian																			Late Miocene	5.333
		Tortonian							Pannonian												Late Miocene	7.246
		Serravallian							Sarmatian												Middle Miocene	11.63
		Serravallian							Badenian													12.8 *
		Langhian																				13.82
		Burdigalian																			Early Miocene	15.98
		Aquitanian																			Early Miocene	20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																			Late Oligocene	23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian																			Early Oligocene	27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian																			Late Eocene	33.9
		Bartonian																			Middle Eocene	37.71
		Lutetian																			Middle Eocene	41.2
		Ypresian																			Early Eocene	47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian																			Late Paleocene	56
		Selandian																			Middle Paleocene	59.2
		Danian																			Early Paleocene	61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																	Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian			66
		Campanian																	Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian			72.1
		Santonian																	Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian			83.6
		Coniacian																	Late Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian			86.3
		Turonian																	Late Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian			89.8
		Cenomanian																	Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian			93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																	Late Albian			100.5
																			Middle Albian			106.2 *
																			Early Albian			109.9 *
		Aptian																	Late Aptian			113
		Aptian																	Early Aptian			119.5 *
		Barremian																	Late Barremian/Early Barremian			121.4
		Hauterivian																	Late Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian			125.77
		Valanginian																	Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian			132.6
		Berriasian																	Late Berriasian			139.8
																			Middle Berriasian			140.6 *
																			Early Berriasian			142.7 *
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian				Oteke	Puaroan												Late Tithonian	Middle Tithonian		145
		Tithonian																	Early Tithonian	Middle Tithonian		146.3 *
		Kimmeridgian																	Late Kimmeridgian			149.2
						Kawhia	Ohauan												Late Kimmeridgian			150
							Ohauan												Early Kimmeridgian			152.2 *
							Heterian												Early Kimmeridgian			154.5
		Oxfordian																	Late Oxfordian	Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian		154.8
		Oxfordian																		Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian		157.9 *
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																	Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian			161.5
		Callovian					Temaikan												Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian			164.3
		Bathonian																	Late Bathonian/Middle Bathonian/Early Bathonian			165.3
		Bajocian																	Late Bajocian			168.2
		Bajocian																	Early Bajocian			168.6 *
		Aalenian																	Late Aalenian/Middle Aalenian/Early Aalenian			170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian																	Late Toarcian			174.7
						Herangi	Ururoan												Late Toarcian			176
																			Middle Toarcian			180.4 *
																			Early Toarcian			182.9 *
		Pliensbachian																	Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian			184.2
		Pliensbachian					Aratauran												Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian			188.9
		Sinemurian																	Late Sinemurian/Early Sinemurian			192.9
		Hettangian																	Late Hettangian/Middle Hettangian/Early Hettangian			199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian				Balfour	Otapirian															201.4
		Norian					Warepan												Sevatian			208.5
																			Alaunian			213.2 *
				Lacian	216.7 *
					Otamitan		217
					Oretian		221
		Carnian		Tuvalian	Oretian		227
				Tuvalian	Gore	Kaihikuan	227.5
				Julian			233.4 *
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		Longobardian			237
				Longobardian		Etalian	238
				Fassanian			239.7 *
		Anisian		Illyrian			242
				Pelsonian			243.8 *
				Bithynian			244.7 *
				Aegean			245.5 *
				Aegean		Malakovian	246
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Spathian			247.2
				Smithian			248.9 *
				Smithian		Nelsonian	249
		Induan		Dienerian			251.2
				Griesbachian			251.4 *
				Griesbachian	DUrville	Makarewan	251.5
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian				Makarewan	251.902
		Changhsingian				Waiitian	253.2
		Wuchiapingian	Longtanian †			Waiitian	Zechstein	254.14
						Puruhauan		254.2
						Puruhauan		Tatarian	Vyatkian	256.8 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian			Aparima	Flettian	Rotliegendes		Severodvinian	259.51
		Wordian				Flettian			Urzhumian	264.28
		Wordian				Barettian			Urzhumian	266
		Roadian						Kazanian	Povolzhian	266.9
		Roadian						Kazanian	Sokian	270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian						Kungurian	Irenian/Ufimian	273.01
						Mangapirian			Irenian/Ufimian	276
									Filipovian	276.5 *
									Saraninian	280.1 *
		Artinskian					Autunian	Artinskian	Sarginian	283.5
						Telfordian			Sarginian	285
									Irginian	285.9 *
									Burtsevian	287.8 *
									Burtsevian	288.5
		Sakmarian						Sakmarian	Sterlitamakian	290.1
		Sakmarian						Sakmarian	Tastubian	291.7 *
		Asselian						Asselian	Shikhanian	293.52
									Uskalykian	294.8
									Surenian	297.5
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian						Mapingian †			298.9
		Kasimovian						Mapingian †			303.7
		Kasimovian									305.9
		Moscovian									307
		Bashkirian									315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian									323.2
		Visean									330.9
		Tournaisian									346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian									Conewangan/Conneautan/Canadaway	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian									West Fallsian/Sonyean	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian									Geneseean/Taghanican/Tioughniogan	Cazenovian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian									Southwoodian	Cazenovian	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian									Sawkillian/Deer Parkian	Helderbergian	393.3
		Pragian											407.6
		Lochkovian											410.8
Silurian	Pridoli											Ohesaare		419.2
	Pridoli											Kaugetuma		421.7 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian										Kuressaare		423
		Ludfordian										Paadla		423.4 *
		Gorstian										Paadla		425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian										Rootsikula		427.4
		Homerian										Jaagarahu		429.2 *
		Sheinwoodian										Jaagarahu		430.5
		Sheinwoodian										Jaani		431.8 *
	Llandovery	Telychian										Jaani		433.4
		Telychian										Adavere		434 *
		Aeronian										Adavere		438.5
		Aeronian										Raikkula		439.4 *
		Rhuddanian										Raikkula		440.8
		Rhuddanian										Juuru		441.4 *
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian												Ashgill	Hirnantian	443.8
		Katian													Rawtheyan	445.2
															Cautleyan	448.9 *
															Pusgillian	449.3 *
														Caradoc	Streffordian	Onnian †	449.6 *
															Cheneyan		451.5 *
															Burrellian		452.7 *
		Sandbian															453
																Actonian †	453.2 *
																Marshbrookian †	Woolstonian †	454.2 *
				Longvillian †												455.2 *
				Longvillian †											Aurelucian	456.8 *
				Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian											Aurelucian		457.4 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian		Llanvirn										Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn			458.4
		Darriwilian												Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn			461.3 *
		Dapingian	467.3											Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn
		Dapingian	Arenig	Fennian										468.4 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian		Fennian										470
				Whitlandian										471.1 *
				Moridunian										474.3 *
		Tremadocian	Tremadoc	Migneintian										477.7
			Tremadoc	Cressagian										480.8 *
														485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10												485.4
		Jiangshanian												489.5
		Paibian												494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian												Series 3 †			497
		Drumian															500.5
		Wuliuan			Stage 5 †	504.5
																						509