PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
A. G. Sennikov and V. K. Golubev. 2006. Vyazniki Biotic Assemblage of the Terminal Permian. Paleontological Journal 40(suppl. 4):S475-S481 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand		Permian of the Pamirs	Permo-Triassic Subages of Eastern Europe	Silurian of North America			Devonian of France	Ordovician of North America						Cambrian Epochs
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †																		2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean																			3.6
	Miocene	Messinian																			5.333
		Tortonian																			7.246
		Serravallian																			11.63
		Langhian																			13.82
		Burdigalian																			15.98
		Aquitanian																			20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																			23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian																			27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian																			33.9
		Bartonian																			37.71
		Lutetian																			41.2
		Ypresian																			47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian																			56
		Selandian																			59.2
		Danian																			61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																			66
		Campanian																			72.1
		Santonian																			83.6
		Coniacian																			86.3
		Turonian																			89.8
		Cenomanian																			93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																			100.5
		Aptian																			113
		Barremian																			121.4
		Hauterivian																			125.77
		Valanginian																			132.6
		Berriasian																			139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian				Oteke	Puaroan														145
		Kimmeridgian				Oteke	Puaroan														149.2
						Kawhia	Ohauan														150
							Heterian														154.5
		Oxfordian																			154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																			161.5
		Callovian					Temaikan														164.3
		Bathonian																			165.3
		Bajocian																			168.2
		Aalenian																			170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian																			174.7
		Toarcian				Herangi	Ururoan														176
		Pliensbachian					Ururoan														184.2
		Pliensbachian					Aratauran														188.9
		Sinemurian																			192.9
		Hettangian																			199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian				Balfour	Otapirian														201.4
		Norian					Warepan														208.5
							Otamitan														217
							Oretian														221
		Carnian					Oretian														227
		Carnian				Gore	Kaihikuan														227.5
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian					Kaihikuan														237
		Ladinian					Etalian														238
		Anisian					Etalian														242
		Anisian					Malakovian														246
	Early Triassic	Olenekian					Malakovian		Vokhmian												247.2
		Olenekian					Nelsonian														249
		Induan					Nelsonian														251.2
		Induan				DUrville	Makarewan														251.5
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian					Makarewan	Dorashamian													251.902
		Changhsingian					Waiitian	Dorashamian													253.2
		Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †			Waiitian	Dzhulfian	Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian												254.14
		Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †			Puruhauan	Dzhulfian	Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian												254.2
	Guadalupian	Capitanian				Aparima	Flettian	Midian	Late Severodvinian/Early Severodvinian												259.51
		Wordian			Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian		Flettian		264.28
							Barettian		266
								Murgabian	266.2 *
		Roadian			Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian			Murgabian	266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian			Kubergandian				273.01
					Kubergandian		Mangapirian		276
					Bolorian				279.8
		Artinskian							283.5
							Telfordian		285
					Yakhtashian		Telfordian		286
					Yakhtashian				288.5
		Sakmarian			Sakmarian				290.1
		Asselian			Asselian				293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian							Mapingian †	298.9
		Kasimovian							Mapingian †	303.7
		Kasimovian								305.9
		Moscovian								307
		Bashkirian	315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	323.2
		Visean	330.9
		Tournaisian	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Famennian							358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	Frasnian							372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Givetian							382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	Couvinien							387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian								393.3
		Pragian								407.6
		Pragian	Coblencien							408.2 *
		Lochkovian	Gedinnine							410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		Cayugan								419.2
	Pridoli		Niagaran								422.5 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian									423
	Ludlow	Gorstian									425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian									Lockportian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian										430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian									Ontarian	433.4
		Aeronian										438.5
												Alexandrian	438.7 *
			Medinan								Clinton		440.1 *
													440.7 *
		Rhuddanian											440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian											Cincinnatian	Gamachian	443.8
		Katian												Gamachian	445.2
														Richmondian	446 *
														Maysvillian	Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
														Edenian		450.4 *
													Mohawkian	Chatfieldian		451.1 *
		Sandbian												Chatfieldian		453
														Turinian		453.7 *
													Whiterockian		Canadian †	Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian															458.4
		Dapingian															467.3
		Dapingian												Rangerian			469.1 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian											Ibexian	Blackhillsian		Jeffersonian †	Cassinian †	470
		Floian												Tulean				473.9 *
		Tremadocian												Tulean				477.7
														Stairsian				480.3 *
														Skullrockian			Demingian †	482 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10												Skullrockian				Late Cambrian	485.4
		Stage 10																	487.5
		Jiangshanian																	489.5
		Paibian																	494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian																Series 3 †	Middle Cambrian	497
		Drumian		500.5
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †																504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4																	Early Cambrian	509
	Series 2	Stage 3																		514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2																		521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian						529
																					538.8