PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
F. J. Prevosti, C. O. Romano, A. M. Forasiepi, S. Hemming, R. Bonini, A. M. Candela, E. Cerdeño, M. C. Madozzo Jaén, P. E. Ortiz, F. Pujos, L. Rasia, G. I. Schmidt, M. Taglioretti, R. D. E. MacPhee, and U. F. J. Pardiñas. 2021. New radiometric 40Ar–39Ar dates and faunistic analyses refine evolutionary dynamics of Neogene vertebrate assemblages in southern South America. Scientific Reports 2021(11):9830 view
J. J. Flynn and C. C. Swisher, III. 1995. Cenozoic South American Land Mammal Ages: correlation to global geochronology. Geochronology Time Scales and Global Stratigraphic Correlation, SEPM Special Publication 54:317-333 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		South American Land Mammal Ages		Carboniferous of Western Europe		Silurian of the Baltic	Permian of the Pamirs	Devonian of Eastern North America		Ordovician of Britain
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan				Wanganui	Haweran											0
		Northgrippian																0.0042
		Greenlandian																0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene						Lujanian										0.0117
		Chibanian						Lujanian										0.129
								Ensenadan										0.3 *
							Castlecliffian											0.34
		Calabrian					Castlecliffian											0.774
							Nukumaruan											1.63
								Sanandresian	Uquian †									1.7 *
		Gelasian																1.8
		Gelasian					Mangapanian											2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †					Vorohuean										2.58
								Chapadmalalan										2.9 *
							Waipipian											3
		Zanclean					Waipipian											3.6
							Opoitian	Montehermosan										3.7 *
							Opoitian	Huayquerian										4.9 *
	Miocene	Messinian				Taranaki	Kapitean											5.333
		Messinian					Tongaporutuan											7.2
		Tortonian																7.246
								Chasicoan										7.9 *
								Mayoan										9.9 *
								Laventan										10.9 *
						Southland	Waiauan											11.04
		Serravallian					Waiauan											11.63
							Lillburnian											13.05
								Colloncuran										13.7 *
		Langhian																13.82
							Clifdenian											15.1
							Clifdenian	Friasian										15.4 *
						Pareora	Altonian											15.9
		Burdigalian																15.98
								Santacrucian										16.2 *
								Colhuehuapian										17.4 *
							Otaian											18.7
		Aquitanian																20.44
								Deseadan										20.9 *
						Landon	Waitakian											21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian					Waitakian											23.03
							Duntroonian											25.2
							Whaingaroan											27.3
		Rupelian																27.82
		Rupelian						Tinguirirican										28.9 *
	Eocene	Priabonian																33.9
						Arnold	Runangan											34.6
							Runangan	Divisaderan										35.9 *
							Kaiatan											36.7
		Bartonian					Kaiatan											37.71
		Bartonian					Bortonian											39.1
		Lutetian																41.2
								Mustersan										41.9 *
						Dannevirke	Porangan											42.6
							Heretaungan											45.7
		Ypresian																47.8
								Casamayoran										47.9 *
							Mangaorapan											48.9
							Waipawan											52
	Paleocene	Thanetian					Teurian	Riochican										56
								Itaboraian										56.9 *
								Peligran										58.9 *
		Selandian																59.2
		Danian																61.6
		Danian						Tiupampan										62.4 *
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian		Mata	Haumurian		66
		Campanian			Haumurian		72.1
		Santonian			Piripauan		83.6
		Santonian		Raukumara	Teratan		86.1
		Coniacian					86.3
		Turonian					89.8
					Mangaotanean		90.5
					Arowhanan		93.7
		Cenomanian			Arowhanan		93.9
				Clarence	Ngaterian		95.2
					Motuan		99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian			Motuan		100.5
					Urutawan		103.3
				Taitai	Korangan		108.4
		Aptian			Korangan		113
		Aptian					117.5
		Barremian					121.4
		Hauterivian					125.77
		Valanginian					132.6
		Berriasian					139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian					145
		Kimmeridgian					149.2
		Oxfordian					154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian					161.5
		Bathonian					165.3
		Bajocian					168.2
		Aalenian					170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian					174.7
		Pliensbachian					184.2
		Sinemurian					192.9
		Hettangian					199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian					201.4
		Norian					208.5
		Carnian					227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian					237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian					242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian					247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan					251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian					Dorashamian	251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian					Longtanian †	Dzhulfian	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian						Midian	259.51
		Wordian						Midian	264.28
		Wordian						Murgabian	266.2 *
		Roadian						Murgabian	266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian						Kubergandian	273.01
		Kungurian						Bolorian	279.8
		Artinskian						Bolorian	283.5
		Artinskian						Yakhtashian	286
		Sakmarian						Sakmarian	290.1
		Asselian						Asselian	293.52
		Asselian						Asselian	Kuzel	297.7
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian							Kuzel	Mapingian †	298.9
									Stephanian		Stephanian C	300.3 *
											Stephanian B	300.9 *
											Stephanian A	301.4 *
		Kasimovian									Stephanian A	303.7
											Cantabrian	305 *
												305.9
		Moscovian										307
									Westphalian		Westphalian D	307.4 *
											Westphalian C	309.8
											Westphalian B	314.6
		Bashkirian									Westphalian B	315.2
											Westphalian A	317 *
			Namurian			Yeadonian			318.8 *
						Marsdenian			320.2 *
						Kinderscoutian			321.5 *
						Alportian			322 *
						Chokierian			323.1 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian				Chokierian			323.2
						Arnsbergian			324 *
						Pendleian			327.4 *
		Visean	Warnantian			Brigantian †			330.9
			Livian			Asbian †			336.3 *
			Moliniacian			Holkerian †/Arundian/Chadian			340.2 *
		Tournaisian	Ivorian						346.7
		Tournaisian	Hastarian						353.7 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian							Conewangan/Conneautan/Canadaway		358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian							West Fallsian/Sonyean		372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian			Geneseean/Taghanican/Tioughniogan				Cazenovian		382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian			Southwoodian				Cazenovian		387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian			Sawkillian/Deer Parkian				Helderbergian		393.3
		Pragian									407.6
		Lochkovian									410.8
Silurian	Pridoli			Ohesaare							Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle	Whitcliffe/Leintwardine	419.2
				Ohesaare								Bringewood/Elton	421.3
				Kaugetuma								Bringewood/Elton	421.7 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian		Kuressaare							Coalbrookdale	Wenlock (England)/Tickwood	423
		Ludfordian		Paadla								Wenlock (England)/Tickwood	423.4 *
		Gorstian											425.6
		Gorstian										Buildwas	426.4 *
	Wenlock	Homerian		Rootsikula								Buildwas	427.4
				Rootsikula							Wych	Woolhope	428.4 *
				Jaagarahu									429.2 *
		Sheinwoodian		Jaagarahu									430.5
		Sheinwoodian		Jaani									431.8 *
	Llandovery	Telychian		Jaani									433.4
				Adavere									434 *
													436.3 *
		Aeronian											438.5
											Cowleigh Park		439.3 *
				Raikkula									439.4 *
		Rhuddanian		Raikkula									440.8
		Rhuddanian		Juuru									441.4 *
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian					Ashgill				Hirnantian			443.8
		Katian									Rawtheyan			445.2
											Cautleyan			448.9 *
											Pusgillian			449.3 *
							Caradoc				Streffordian			Onnian †	449.6 *
											Cheneyan				451.5 *
											Burrellian				452.7 *
		Sandbian													453
														Actonian †	453.2 *
														Marshbrookian †	Woolstonian †	454.2 *
														Longvillian †		455.2 *
								Aurelucian			456.8 *			Longvillian †
								Aurelucian			Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian				457.4 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian					Llanvirn	Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn							458.4
		Darriwilian						Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn							461.3 *
		Dapingian						Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn							467.3
		Dapingian					Arenig	Fennian							468.4 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian						Fennian		470
								Whitlandian		471.1 *
								Moridunian		474.3 *
		Tremadocian					Tremadoc	Migneintian		477.7
							Tremadoc	Cressagian		480.8 *
										485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10								Late Cambrian					485.4
		Jiangshanian													489.5
		Paibian													494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian								Series 3 †					Middle Cambrian	497
		Drumian														500.5
		Wuliuan														Stage 5 †	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4														Early Cambrian	509
	Series 2	Stage 3															514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2															521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian															529
																		538.8