PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
F. F. Steininger, W. A. Berggren, D. V. Kent, R. L. Bernor, S. Sen and J. Agusti. 1996. Circum-Mediterranean Neogene (Miocene and Pliocene) marine-continental chronologic correlations of European mammal units. The Evolution of Western Eurasian Neogene Mammal Faunas (eds. R. L. Bernor, V. Fahlbusch, and H.-W. Mittmann) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		European Faunal Units	European Faunal Zones	Ordovician of North America					Ordovician of Ibero-Bohemia				Cambrian of Britain		Permian of Western Europe
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan				Wanganui	Haweran															0
		Northgrippian																				0.0042
		Greenlandian																				0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene																				0.0117
		Chibanian																				0.129
		Chibanian					Castlecliffian															0.34
		Calabrian					Castlecliffian															0.774
		Calabrian					Nukumaruan															1.63
		Gelasian					Nukumaruan		MN 17													1.8
		Gelasian					Mangapanian		MN 17													2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †				Mangapanian	Villanyian	MN 16													2.58
							Waipipian	Villanyian														3
								Ruscinian														3.1 *
									MN 15													3.2
		Zanclean																				3.6
							Opoitian															3.7
									MN 14													4.2
									MN 13													4.9
	Miocene	Messinian				Taranaki	Kapitean	Turolian														5.333
		Messinian					Tongaporutuan															7.2
		Tortonian							MN 12													7.246
									MN 11													7.75
								Vallesian	MN 10													8.7
									MN 9													9.7
						Southland	Waiauan		MN 9													11.04
									MN 7 + 8													11.1
		Serravallian						Astaracian	MN 7 + 8													11.63
									MN 6													12.8 *
							Lillburnian		MN 6													13.05
		Langhian					Lillburnian		MN 5													13.82
							Clifdenian															15.1
						Pareora	Altonian															15.9
		Burdigalian						Orleanian	MN 4													15.98
									MN 3													16.9
							Otaian		MN 3													18.7
								Agenian	MN 2													20
		Aquitanian																				20.44
						Landon	Waitakian															21.7
									MN 1													22.4
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																				23.03
							Duntroonian															25.2
							Whaingaroan															27.3
		Rupelian																				27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian																				33.9
						Arnold	Runangan															34.6
							Kaiatan															36.7
		Bartonian					Kaiatan															37.71
		Bartonian					Bortonian															39.1
		Lutetian					Bortonian															41.2
						Dannevirke	Porangan															42.6
							Heretaungan															45.7
		Ypresian					Heretaungan															47.8
							Mangaorapan															48.9
							Waipawan															52
	Paleocene	Thanetian					Teurian															56
		Selandian																				59.2
		Danian																				61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian				Mata	Haumurian															66
		Campanian					Haumurian															72.1
		Santonian					Piripauan															83.6
		Santonian				Raukumara	Teratan															86.1
		Coniacian																				86.3
		Turonian																				89.8
							Mangaotanean															90.5
				Arowhanan	93.7
		Cenomanian		Arowhanan	93.9
				Clarence	Ngaterian	95.2
					Motuan	99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian			Motuan	100.5
					Urutawan	103.3
				Taitai	Korangan	108.4
		Aptian			Korangan	113
		Aptian				117.5
		Barremian				121.4
		Hauterivian				125.77
		Valanginian				132.6
		Berriasian				139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian				145
		Kimmeridgian				149.2
		Oxfordian				154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian				161.5
		Bathonian				165.3
		Bajocian				168.2
		Aalenian				170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian				174.7
		Pliensbachian				184.2
		Sinemurian				192.9
		Hettangian				199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian				201.4
		Norian				208.5
		Carnian				227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian				237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian				242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian				247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan				251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian				251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian				Longtanian †	Zechstein			254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian					Rotliegendes			259.51
		Wordian								264.28
		Roadian								266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian								273.01
		Artinskian					Autunian			283.5
		Sakmarian								290.1
		Asselian						293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian						298.9
		Kasimovian						303.7
		Moscovian						307
		Bashkirian						315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian						323.2
		Visean						330.9
		Tournaisian						346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian						358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian						372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian						382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian						387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian						393.3
		Pragian						407.6
		Lochkovian						410.8
Silurian	Pridoli							Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle	Whitcliffe/Leintwardine	419.2
	Pridoli							Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle	Bringewood/Elton	421.3
	Ludlow	Ludfordian						Coalbrookdale	Wenlock (England)/Tickwood	423
		Gorstian							425.6
		Gorstian	Buildwas						426.4 *
	Wenlock	Homerian	Buildwas						427.4
		Homerian	Wych					Woolhope	428.4 *
		Sheinwoodian							430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian							433.4
		Telychian							436.3 *
		Aeronian							438.5
		Aeronian	Cowleigh Park						439.3 *
		Rhuddanian	Cowleigh Park						440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Cincinnatian						Gamachian	Kosovian	Harju	Porkuni	443.8
		Katian							Gamachian	Kralodvorian		Bohdalec †	Pirgu	445.2
									Richmondian				Pirgu	446 *
													Vormsi	449.6 *
										Berounian				449.7 *
					Maysvillian				Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian					449.8 *
					Maysvillian								Nabala	Johvi †	450 *
					Edenian								Nabala		450.4 *
					Edenian						Viru		Rakvere		450.6 *
			Mohawkian		Chatfieldian								Rakvere		451.1 *
				Oandu									452 *
		Sandbian		Keila									Idavere †	453
				Keila	Turinian									453.7 *
				Haljala										453.9
				Haljala										Zahorany †/Vinice	Letna †	456.2 *
				Kukruse												456.4 *
			Whiterockian	Kukruse					Canadian †							Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
				Uhaku									Aluoja †				457.5 *
												Liben †					458 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian															458.4
										Dobrotivian							458.5 *
				Lasnamagi						Dobrotivian							458.9 *
				Lasnamagi						Oretanian							459.7 *
				Aseri													460.4 *
				Aseri								Sarka †					461.7 *
				Oeland							Kunda						462.9 *
											Kunda		Valaste †/Hunderum				464.3 *
											Volkhov						Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian										Klabava †						467.3
										Arenigian								468
					Rangerian	469.1 *
					Rangerian	Billingen					469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian	Ibexian		Blackhillsian						Jeffersonian †					Cassinian †		470
													Latorp †					470.1 *
						Hunneberg												473.7 *
					Tulean													473.9 *
		Tremadocian			Tulean					Tremadocian								477.7
					Stairsian		480.3 *
					Stairsian	Varangu	481.3 *
					Skullrockian	Varangu	Demingian †									482 *
						Pakerort	Demingian †									482.2 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10				Pakerort							Merioneth			Dolgellian/Trempealeauan			485.4
																			486.3 *
																			486.5
																			487.5
																Festiniogian			489.2 *
		Jiangshanian														Festiniogian			489.5
		Jiangshanian														Maentwrogian			493.1 *
		Paibian														Maentwrogian			494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian											Series 3 †			St Davids				497
		Drumian																		500.5
		Wuliuan																		Stage 5 †	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4																		Caerfai	509
	Series 2	Stage 3																			514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2																			521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian																			529
																						538.8