PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
A. G. Sennikov and V. K. Golubev. 2006. Vyazniki Biotic Assemblage of the Terminal Permian. Paleontological Journal 40(suppl. 4):S475-S481 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

Show more time

Show linear time

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		Cambrian Epochs	Cambrian of North America		Carbo-Permian of the Russian Platform	Cambrian of Kazakhstan	Permo-Triassic Subages of Eastern Europe			Cambrian of West Avalonia	Ordovician of North America
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan				Wanganui	Haweran														0
		Northgrippian																			0.0042
		Greenlandian																			0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene																			0.0117
		Chibanian																			0.129
		Chibanian					Castlecliffian														0.34
		Calabrian					Castlecliffian														0.774
		Calabrian					Nukumaruan														1.63
		Gelasian					Nukumaruan														1.8
		Gelasian					Mangapanian														2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †				Mangapanian														2.58
		Piacenzian					Waipipian														3
		Zanclean					Waipipian														3.6
		Zanclean					Opoitian														3.7
	Miocene	Messinian				Taranaki	Kapitean														5.333
		Messinian					Tongaporutuan														7.2
		Tortonian					Tongaporutuan														7.246
		Tortonian				Southland	Waiauan														11.04
		Serravallian					Waiauan														11.63
		Serravallian					Lillburnian														13.05
		Langhian					Lillburnian														13.82
							Clifdenian														15.1
						Pareora	Altonian														15.9
		Burdigalian					Altonian														15.98
		Burdigalian					Otaian														18.7
		Aquitanian					Otaian														20.44
		Aquitanian				Landon	Waitakian														21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian					Waitakian														23.03
							Duntroonian														25.2
							Whaingaroan														27.3
		Rupelian																			27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian																			33.9
						Arnold	Runangan														34.6
							Kaiatan														36.7
		Bartonian					Kaiatan														37.71
		Bartonian					Bortonian														39.1
		Lutetian					Bortonian														41.2
						Dannevirke	Porangan														42.6
							Heretaungan														45.7
		Ypresian					Heretaungan														47.8
							Mangaorapan														48.9
							Waipawan														52
	Paleocene	Thanetian					Teurian														56
		Selandian																			59.2
		Danian																			61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian				Mata	Haumurian														66
		Campanian					Haumurian														72.1
		Santonian					Piripauan														83.6
		Santonian				Raukumara	Teratan														86.1
		Coniacian																			86.3
		Turonian																			89.8
							Mangaotanean														90.5
							Arowhanan														93.7
		Cenomanian					Arowhanan														93.9
						Clarence	Ngaterian														95.2
							Motuan														99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian					Motuan														100.5
							Urutawan														103.3
						Taitai	Korangan														108.4
		Aptian					Korangan														113
		Aptian																			117.5
		Barremian																			121.4
		Hauterivian																			125.77
		Valanginian																			132.6
		Berriasian		139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian			145
		Kimmeridgian			149.2
		Oxfordian			154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian			161.5
		Bathonian			165.3
		Bajocian			168.2
		Aalenian			170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian			174.7
		Pliensbachian			184.2
		Sinemurian			192.9
		Hettangian			199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian			201.4
		Norian			208.5
		Carnian			227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian			237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian			242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian			Vokhmian	247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan			Vokhmian	251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian			Melekhovian			251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian				Longtanian †		Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian						Late Severodvinian/Early Severodvinian	259.51
		Wordian						Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian	264.28
		Wordian			Noginskian			Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian	264.9 *
		Roadian						Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian	266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian							273.01
		Kungurian			Pavlovoposadian				276.8 *
		Artinskian			Pavlovoposadian				283.5
		Artinskian			Rusavkinian				287.6 *
		Sakmarian							290.1
		Asselian							293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian							298.9
		Kasimovian			Dorogomilovian				303.7
					Khamovnikian				304.8
					Krevyakinian				305.8 *
		Moscovian			Myachkovian				307
					Podolskian				308.9 *
					Kashirian				311.4 *
					Vereian				313.8
					Melekessian				314.8
		Bashkirian			Melekessian				315.2
					Cheremshanian				316.9 *
					Prikamian				318.6 *
					Severokeltmian				319.9 *
					Krasnopolyanian				321.2 *
			Voznesenian		321.9 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Zapaltjubian		323.2
			Protvian		324.4 *
			Steshevian		326.8 *
			Tarusian		329 *
		Visean	Venevian		330.9
			Mikhailovian		331.9 *
			Aleksinian		333.7 *
			Tulian		335.8 *
			Bobrikian		339.9 *
			Radaevkian		343.4 *
		Tournaisian	Kosvian		346.7
			Kizelian		350.7 *
			Cherepetian		351.9 *
			Karakubian		354.4 *
			Upinian		356.3 *
			Malevkian		357.6 *
			Gumerovian		358 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian			358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian			372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian		382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian		387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian		393.3
		Pragian		407.6
		Lochkovian		410.8
Silurian	Pridoli			Cayugan	419.2
	Pridoli			Niagaran	422.5 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian			423
	Ludlow	Gorstian			425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian			Lockportian		427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian					430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian			Ontarian		433.4
		Aeronian					438.5
							Alexandrian		438.7 *
				Medinan	Clinton				440.1 *
									440.7 *
		Rhuddanian							440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian							Cincinnatian	Gamachian	443.8
		Katian								Gamachian	445.2
										Richmondian	446 *
						Maysvillian				Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
						Edenian					450.4 *
						Mohawkian			Chatfieldian		451.1 *
		Sandbian							Chatfieldian		453
								Turinian	453.7 *
						Whiterockian			Canadian †	Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian									458.4
		Dapingian									467.3
		Dapingian						Rangerian			469.1 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian				Ibexian		Blackhillsian		Jeffersonian †	Cassinian †	470
		Floian						Tulean				473.9 *
		Tremadocian						Tulean				Ungurian	477.7
								Stairsian					480.3 *
								Skullrockian			Demingian †		482 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10						Skullrockian	Late Cambrian	Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan	Batyrbaian			Merioneth	Dolgellian/Trempealeauan	485.4
						Sunwaptan									Dolgellian/Trempealeauan		487.5
															Festiniogian		489.2 *
		Jiangshanian															489.5
											Aksaian						490.7 *
											Sakian						492.2 *
						Steptoean											493 *
															Maentwrogian		493.1 *
		Paibian													Maentwrogian		494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian				Series 3 †			Middle Cambrian	Marjumian	Albertian †			Ayusokkanian	St Davids			497
														Ayusokkanian				Arcadian	498.4
																			499.5
		Drumian												Zhanaarykian					500.5
		Drumian												Tuesaian					503
		Wuliuan								Stage 5 †				Tuesaian					Topazan	504.5
																			Topazan	505.3
																			Delamaran	506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4								Early Cambrian	Waucoban †				Branchian			Caerfai		509
														Toyonian						510 *
														Toyonian					Dyeran	511 *
														Botomian						512.5 *
		Stage 3																		514
																			Montezuman	514.8 *
														Atdabanian						515.6 *
															Placentian					517.1
																			Begadean	519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2												Tommotian						521
		Stage 2																		525.5
		Fortunian	529
																					538.8