PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. F. Steininger, W. A. Berggren, D. V. Kent, R. L. Bernor, S. Sen and J. Agusti. 1996. Circum-Mediterranean Neogene (Miocene and Pliocene) marine-continental chronologic correlations of European mammal units. The Evolution of Western Eurasian Neogene Mammal Faunas (eds. R. L. Bernor, V. Fahlbusch, and H.-W. Mittmann) view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		Devonian Subages	Ordovician of China			Mesozoic Subages		Cambrian of Britain		European Faunal Zones
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan				Wanganui	Haweran										0
		Northgrippian															0.0042
		Greenlandian															0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene															0.0117
		Chibanian															0.129
		Chibanian					Castlecliffian										0.34
		Calabrian					Castlecliffian										0.774
		Calabrian					Nukumaruan										1.63
		Gelasian					Nukumaruan									MN 17	1.8
		Gelasian					Mangapanian									MN 17	2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †				Mangapanian									MN 16	2.58
							Waipipian									MN 16	3
																MN 15	3.2
		Zanclean															3.6
							Opoitian										3.7
																MN 14	4.2
																MN 13	4.9
	Miocene	Messinian				Taranaki	Kapitean										5.333
		Messinian					Tongaporutuan										7.2
		Tortonian														MN 12	7.246
																MN 11	7.75
																MN 10	8.7
																MN 9	9.7
						Southland	Waiauan									MN 9	11.04
																MN 7 + 8	11.1
		Serravallian														MN 7 + 8	11.63
																MN 6	12.8 *
							Lillburnian									MN 6	13.05
		Langhian					Lillburnian									MN 5	13.82
							Clifdenian										15.1
						Pareora	Altonian										15.9
		Burdigalian														MN 4	15.98
																MN 3	16.9
							Otaian									MN 3	18.7
																MN 2	20
		Aquitanian															20.44
						Landon	Waitakian										21.7
																MN 1	22.4
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian															23.03
							Duntroonian										25.2
							Whaingaroan										27.3
		Rupelian															27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian															33.9
						Arnold	Runangan										34.6
							Kaiatan										36.7
		Bartonian					Kaiatan										37.71
		Bartonian					Bortonian										39.1
		Lutetian					Bortonian										41.2
						Dannevirke	Porangan										42.6
							Heretaungan										45.7
		Ypresian					Heretaungan										47.8
							Mangaorapan										48.9
							Waipawan										52
	Paleocene	Thanetian					Teurian										56
		Selandian															59.2
		Danian															61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian				Mata	Haumurian					Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian					66
		Campanian					Haumurian					Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian					72.1
		Santonian					Piripauan					Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian					83.6
		Santonian				Raukumara	Teratan					Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian					86.1
		Coniacian										Late Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian					86.3
		Turonian										Late Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian					89.8
							Mangaotanean										90.5
							Arowhanan										93.7
		Cenomanian		Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian	93.9		Arowhanan
					Clarence	Ngaterian	95.2
						Motuan	99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian		Late Albian		Motuan	100.5
				Late Albian		Urutawan	103.3
				Middle Albian		Urutawan	106.2 *
				Middle Albian	Taitai	Korangan	108.4
				Early Albian			109.9 *
		Aptian		Late Aptian			113
				Late Aptian			117.5
				Early Aptian			119.5 *
		Barremian		Late Barremian/Early Barremian			121.4
		Hauterivian		Late Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian			125.77
		Valanginian		Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian			132.6
		Berriasian		Late Berriasian			139.8
				Middle Berriasian			140.6 *
				Early Berriasian			142.7 *
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian			Late Tithonian		Middle Tithonian	145
		Tithonian			Early Tithonian		Middle Tithonian	146.3 *
		Kimmeridgian			Late Kimmeridgian			149.2
		Kimmeridgian			Early Kimmeridgian			152.2 *
		Oxfordian			Late Oxfordian		Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian	154.8
		Oxfordian					Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian	157.9 *
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian			Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian			161.5
		Bathonian			Late Bathonian/Middle Bathonian/Early Bathonian			165.3
		Bajocian			Late Bajocian			Epizigzagiceras	168.2
					Late Bajocian			Rotundum/Oblatum/Kirschneri/Crassicostatus/Widebayense	168.4
					Early Bajocian			Rotundum/Oblatum/Kirschneri/Crassicostatus/Widebayense	168.6 *
		Aalenian			Late Aalenian/Middle Aalenian/Early Aalenian			Howelli/Scissum/Westermanni	170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian			Late Toarcian			Yakounensis/Hillebrandti/Crassicosta	174.7
								Planulata	179.3 *
									Arnioceras arnouldi	179.8 *
					Middle Toarcian					180.4 *
								Kanense		181.3 *
								Carlottense		182.3 *
					Early Toarcian			Carlottense		182.9 *
					Early Toarcian			Kunae		183.5 *
		Pliensbachian			Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian			Kunae		184.2
								Freboldi		185.1 *
								Whiteavesi/Imlayi		Tetraspidoceras	186.2 *
										Tetraspidoceras	189.2 *
								Plesechioceras harbledownense/Asteroceras varians/Coroniceras		Canadensis	190.3 *
		Sinemurian			Late Sinemurian/Early Sinemurian						192.9
								Pseudaetomoceras	Psiloceras		196.4 *
								Franziceras/Euphyllites			196.5 *
		Hettangian			Late Hettangian/Middle Hettangian/Early Hettangian			Franziceras/Euphyllites			199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian									201.4
		Norian			Sevatian						208.5
					Alaunian						213.2 *
					Lacian						216.7 *
		Carnian			Tuvalian						227
		Carnian			Julian						233.4 *
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian			Longobardian						237
		Ladinian			Fassanian						239.7 *
		Anisian			Illyrian						242
					Pelsonian						243.8 *
			Bithynian		244.7 *
			Aegean		245.5 *
	Early Triassic	Olenekian	Spathian		247.2
		Olenekian	Smithian		248.9 *
		Induan	Dienerian		251.2
		Induan	Griesbachian		251.4 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian			251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian			Longtanian †						254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian									259.51
		Wordian									264.28
		Roadian									266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian									273.01
		Artinskian									283.5
		Sakmarian									290.1
		Asselian									293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian									Mapingian †	298.9
		Kasimovian									Mapingian †	303.7
		Kasimovian									305.9
		Moscovian									307
		Bashkirian									315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian									323.2
		Visean									330.9
		Tournaisian									346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian									Late Famennian	358.9
											Middle Famennian	365.3 *
				Early Famennian							368.5 *
		Frasnian		Late Frasnian							372.2
				Middle Frasnian							375.4 *
				Early Frasnian							379.3 *
	Middle Devonian	Givetian		Late Givetian							382.7
				Middle Givetian							383.7 *
				Early Givetian			385.9 *
		Eifelian		Late Eifelian			387.7
		Eifelian		Early Eifelian			390.3 *
	Early Devonian	Emsian		Late Emsian			393.3
		Emsian		Early Emsian			398.3 *
		Pragian		Pragian			407.6
		Lochkovian		Late Lochkovian			410.8
				Middle Lochkovian			412.8 *
				Early Lochkovian			415.6 *
Silurian	Pridoli						419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian					423
	Ludlow	Gorstian					425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian					427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian					430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian					433.4
		Aeronian					438.5
		Rhuddanian					440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian					Hirnantian				Xiaoxita †/Shikou	Wufeng †	Harju	Porkuni	443.8
		Katian					Chientangkiangian					Wufeng †		Pirgu	445.2
							Neichianshanian/Hanjiang							Pirgu	449.5
														Vormsi	449.6 *
										Nabala				Johvi †	450 *
										Viru			Rakvere		450.6 *
								Oandu	452 *
		Sandbian						Keila	Idavere †				453
								Haljala					453.9
								Kukruse					456.4 *
								Uhaku	Aluoja †				457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian					Darriwilian	Uhaku			Guniu †/Hulo		458.4
								Lasnamagi					458.9 *
								Aseri					460.4 *
								Oeland		Kunda			462.9 *
									Valaste †/Hunderum				464.3 *
											Hunjiang †	Dawan †/Daobaowan/Ningkuo	466.3 *
										Volkhov			Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian					Dapingian			Volkhov				467.3
		Dapingian					Dapingian			Billingen				469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian					Yiyangian							470
									Latorp †					470.1 *
			Hunneberg							473.7 *
		Tremadocian					Xinchangian			477.7
					Lianghekou †					477.9 *
			Varangu							481.3 *
			Pakerort							482.2 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	Pakerort							Merioneth	Dolgellian/Trempealeauan			485.4
														486.3 *
														486.5
											Festiniogian			489.2 *
		Jiangshanian									Festiniogian			489.5
		Jiangshanian									Maentwrogian			493.1 *
		Paibian				494					Maentwrogian
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian				Series 3 †				St Davids				497
		Drumian												500.5
		Wuliuan												Stage 5 †	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4												Caerfai	509
	Series 2	Stage 3													514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2													521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian													529
																	538.8