PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		Ordovician of North America						Ordovician of the Baltic				Ordovician of Ibero-Bohemia				Ordovician of Britain		Ten Million Year Bins	Mesozoic Subages	Cenozoic Subepochs
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan				Wanganui	Haweran																	Cenozoic 6			0
		Northgrippian																									0.0042
		Greenlandian																									0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene																								Late Pleistocene	0.0117
		Chibanian																								Middle Pleistocene	0.129
		Chibanian					Castlecliffian																			Middle Pleistocene	0.34
		Calabrian					Castlecliffian																			Early Pleistocene	0.774
		Calabrian					Nukumaruan																				1.63
		Gelasian					Nukumaruan																				1.8
		Gelasian					Mangapanian																				2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †				Mangapanian																			Late Pliocene	2.58
		Piacenzian					Waipipian																			Late Pliocene	3
		Zanclean					Waipipian																			Early Pliocene	3.6
		Zanclean					Opoitian																			Early Pliocene	3.7
	Miocene	Messinian				Taranaki	Kapitean																			Late Miocene	5.333
		Messinian					Tongaporutuan																				7.2
		Tortonian					Tongaporutuan																				7.246
		Tortonian				Southland	Waiauan																				11.04
		Serravallian					Waiauan																	Cenozoic 5		Middle Miocene	11.63
		Serravallian					Lillburnian																				13.05
		Langhian					Lillburnian																				13.82
							Clifdenian																				15.1
						Pareora	Altonian																				15.9
		Burdigalian					Altonian																			Early Miocene	15.98
		Burdigalian					Otaian																				18.7
		Aquitanian					Otaian																				20.44
		Aquitanian				Landon	Waitakian																				21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian					Waitakian																	Cenozoic 4		Late Oligocene	23.03
							Duntroonian																				25.2
							Whaingaroan																				27.3
		Rupelian																								Early Oligocene	27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian																						Cenozoic 3		Late Eocene	33.9
						Arnold	Runangan																				34.6
							Kaiatan																				36.7
		Bartonian					Kaiatan																			Middle Eocene	37.71
		Bartonian					Bortonian																				39.1
		Lutetian					Bortonian																	Cenozoic 2			41.2
						Dannevirke	Porangan																				42.6
							Heretaungan																				45.7
		Ypresian					Heretaungan																			Early Eocene	47.8
							Mangaorapan																				48.9
							Waipawan																				52
	Paleocene	Thanetian					Teurian																	Cenozoic 1		Late Paleocene	56
		Selandian																								Middle Paleocene	59.2
		Danian																								Early Paleocene	61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian				Mata	Haumurian																	Cretaceous 8	Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian		66
		Campanian					Haumurian																	Cretaceous 7	Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian		72.1
		Santonian					Piripauan																	Cretaceous 6	Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian		83.6
		Santonian				Raukumara	Teratan																		Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian		86.1
		Coniacian																							Late Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian		86.3
		Turonian																							Late Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian		89.8
							Mangaotanean																				90.5
							Arowhanan																				93.7
		Cenomanian					Arowhanan																	Cretaceous 5	Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian		93.9
						Clarence	Ngaterian																				95.2
							Motuan																				99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian					Motuan																	Cretaceous 4	Late Albian		100.5
							Urutawan																		Late Albian		103.3
							Urutawan																		Middle Albian		106.2 *
						Taitai	Korangan																		Middle Albian		108.4
																									Early Albian		109.9 *
		Aptian																						Cretaceous 3	Late Aptian		113
																									Late Aptian		117.5
																									Early Aptian		119.5 *
		Barremian		Cretaceous 2	Late Barremian/Early Barremian			121.4
		Hauterivian		Cretaceous 2	Late Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian			125.77
		Valanginian		Cretaceous 1	Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian			132.6
		Berriasian			Late Berriasian			139.8
					Middle Berriasian			140.6 *
					Early Berriasian			142.7 *
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian			Jurassic 6	Late Tithonian		Middle Tithonian	145
		Tithonian			Jurassic 6	Early Tithonian		Middle Tithonian	146.3 *
		Kimmeridgian			Jurassic 5	Late Kimmeridgian			149.2
		Kimmeridgian				Early Kimmeridgian			152.2 *
		Oxfordian				Late Oxfordian		Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian	154.8
		Oxfordian						Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian	157.9 *
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian				Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian			161.5
		Bathonian			Jurassic 4	Late Bathonian/Middle Bathonian/Early Bathonian			165.3
		Bajocian				Late Bajocian			168.2
		Bajocian				Early Bajocian			168.6 *
		Aalenian			Jurassic 3	Late Aalenian/Middle Aalenian/Early Aalenian			170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian				Late Toarcian			174.7
						Middle Toarcian			180.4 *
						Early Toarcian			182.9 *
		Pliensbachian			Jurassic 2	Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian			184.2
		Sinemurian			Jurassic 1	Late Sinemurian/Early Sinemurian			192.9
		Hettangian			Jurassic 1	Late Hettangian/Middle Hettangian/Early Hettangian			199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian			Triassic 4				201.4
		Norian				Sevatian			208.5
						Alaunian			213.2 *
						Lacian			216.7 *
		Carnian			Triassic 3	Tuvalian			227
		Carnian			Triassic 3	Julian			233.4 *
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian			Triassic 2	Longobardian			237
		Ladinian				Fassanian			239.7 *
		Anisian				Illyrian			242
						Pelsonian			243.8 *
						Bithynian			244.7 *
						Aegean			245.5 *
	Early Triassic	Olenekian			Triassic 1	Spathian			247.2
		Olenekian				Smithian			248.9 *
		Induan				Dienerian			251.2
		Induan				Griesbachian			251.4 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian			Permian 4				251.902
		Wuchiapingian							Longtanian †	254.14
		Wuchiapingian							Longtanian †	Tatarian	Vyatkian	256.8 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian									Severodvinian	259.51
		Wordian									Urzhumian	264.28
		Roadian			Permian 3					Kazanian	Povolzhian	266.9
		Roadian	Sokian		Permian 3					Kazanian	270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian	Permian 2		Kungurian					Irenian/Ufimian	273.01
										Filipovian	276.5 *
										Saraninian	280.1 *
		Artinskian			Artinskian					Sarginian	283.5
										Irginian	285.9 *
										Burtsevian	287.8 *
		Sakmarian			Sakmarian					Sterlitamakian	290.1
		Sakmarian			Sakmarian					Tastubian	291.7 *
		Asselian	Permian 1		Asselian					Shikhanian	293.52
										Uskalykian	294.8
										Surenian	297.5
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian	Carboniferous 5								298.9
		Kasimovian	Carboniferous 5								303.7
		Moscovian	Carboniferous 4								307
		Bashkirian	Carboniferous 4								315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Carboniferous 3								323.2
		Visean	Carboniferous 2				330.9
		Tournaisian	Carboniferous 1				346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Devonian 5				358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	Devonian 4				372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Devonian 3				382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	Devonian 3				387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Devonian 2				393.3
		Pragian	Devonian 1				407.6
		Lochkovian	Devonian 1	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		Silurian 2	419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian		423
	Ludlow	Gorstian		425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian		427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian		430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	Silurian 1	433.4
		Aeronian		438.5
		Rhuddanian		440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Cincinnatian	Gamachian			Harju	Porkuni			Kosovian	Ashgill	Hirnantian	Ordovician 5	443.8
		Katian		Gamachian				Pirgu			Kralodvorian		Bohdalec †		Rawtheyan	445.2
				Richmondian											Rawtheyan	446 *
															Cautleyan	448.9 *
															Pusgillian	449.3 *
								Vormsi				Caradoc			Streffordian	Onnian †	449.6 *
											Berounian						449.7 *
				Maysvillian													Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
				Maysvillian				Nabala										Johvi †	450 *
				Edenian				Nabala											450.4 *
				Edenian			Viru	Rakvere											450.6 *
			Mohawkian	Chatfieldian															451.1 *
															Cheneyan				451.5 *
								Oandu							Cheneyan				452 *
								Oandu							Burrellian				452.7 *
		Sandbian						Keila						Idavere †				Ordovician 4	453
																Actonian †			453.2 *
				Turinian															453.7 *
								Haljala											453.9
																Marshbrookian †			Woolstonian †	454.2 *
																Longvillian †				455.2 *
																				Zahorany †/Vinice	Letna †	456.2 *
								Kukruse														456.4 *
															Aurelucian							456.8 *
			Whiterockian			Canadian †											Chazyan †/Marmor					457 *
																Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian						457.4 *
								Uhaku						Aluoja †								457.5 *
									Liben †											458 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian										Llanvirn			Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn			Ordovician 3		458.4
											Dobrotivian									458.5 *
								Lasnamagi			Dobrotivian									458.9 *
								Lasnamagi			Oretanian									459.7 *
								Aseri												460.4 *
															Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn					461.3 *
									Sarka †												461.7 *
							Oeland	Kunda													462.9 *
								Kunda						Valaste †/Hunderum							464.3 *
								Volkhov													Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian							Klabava †									Ordovician 2				467.3
											Arenigian											468
												Arenig			Fennian							468.4 *
				Rangerian																		469.1 *
				Rangerian	Billingen			469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian	Ibexian	Blackhillsian				Jeffersonian †		Cassinian †							470
														Latorp †							470.1 *
															Whitlandian						471.1 *
					Hunneberg																473.7 *
				Tulean																	473.9 *
															Moridunian						474.3 *
		Tremadocian							Tremadocian			Tremadoc			Migneintian			Ordovician 1			477.7
				Stairsian											Migneintian						480.3 *
															Cressagian						480.8 *
					Varangu																481.3 *
				Skullrockian	Varangu					Demingian †											482 *
					Pakerort																482.2 *
																					485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10																Cambrian 5			485.4
																					486.3 *
																					486.5
																					487.5
		Jiangshanian																			489.5
		Paibian																			494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian																Series 3 †			Cambrian 4	497
		Drumian																			Cambrian 4	500.5
		Wuliuan																			Stage 5 †	Cambrian 3	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4																				Cambrian 3	509
	Series 2	Stage 3																				Cambrian 2	514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2																				Cambrian 2	521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian																				Cambrian 1	529
																											538.8