PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		Ordovician of North America					Mesozoic Subages
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan				Wanganui	Haweran							0
		Northgrippian												0.0042
		Greenlandian												0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene												0.0117
		Chibanian												0.129
		Chibanian					Castlecliffian							0.34
		Calabrian					Castlecliffian							0.774
		Calabrian					Nukumaruan							1.63
		Gelasian					Nukumaruan							1.8
		Gelasian					Mangapanian							2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †				Mangapanian							2.58
		Piacenzian					Waipipian							3
		Zanclean					Waipipian							3.6
		Zanclean					Opoitian							3.7
	Miocene	Messinian				Taranaki	Kapitean							5.333
		Messinian					Tongaporutuan							7.2
		Tortonian					Tongaporutuan							7.246
		Tortonian				Southland	Waiauan							11.04
		Serravallian					Waiauan							11.63
		Serravallian					Lillburnian							13.05
		Langhian					Lillburnian							13.82
							Clifdenian							15.1
						Pareora	Altonian							15.9
		Burdigalian					Altonian							15.98
		Burdigalian					Otaian							18.7
		Aquitanian					Otaian							20.44
		Aquitanian				Landon	Waitakian							21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian					Waitakian							23.03
							Duntroonian							25.2
							Whaingaroan							27.3
		Rupelian												27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian												33.9
						Arnold	Runangan							34.6
							Kaiatan							36.7
		Bartonian					Kaiatan							37.71
		Bartonian					Bortonian							39.1
		Lutetian					Bortonian							41.2
						Dannevirke	Porangan							42.6
							Heretaungan							45.7
		Ypresian					Heretaungan							47.8
							Mangaorapan							48.9
							Waipawan							52
	Paleocene	Thanetian					Teurian							56
		Selandian												59.2
		Danian												61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian				Mata	Haumurian						Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian	66
		Campanian					Haumurian						Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian	72.1
		Santonian					Piripauan						Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian	83.6
		Santonian				Raukumara	Teratan						Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian	86.1
		Coniacian											Late Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian	86.3
		Turonian											Late Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian	89.8
							Mangaotanean							90.5
							Arowhanan							93.7
		Cenomanian					Arowhanan						Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian	93.9
						Clarence	Ngaterian							95.2
							Motuan							99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian					Motuan						Late Albian	100.5
							Urutawan						Late Albian	103.3
							Urutawan						Middle Albian	106.2 *
						Taitai	Korangan						Middle Albian	108.4
													Early Albian	109.9 *
		Aptian											Late Aptian	113
													Late Aptian	117.5
													Early Aptian	119.5 *
		Barremian		Late Barremian/Early Barremian	121.4
		Hauterivian		Late Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian	125.77
		Valanginian		Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian	132.6
		Berriasian		Late Berriasian	139.8
				Middle Berriasian	140.6 *
				Early Berriasian	142.7 *
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian			Late Tithonian	Middle Tithonian		145
		Tithonian			Early Tithonian	Middle Tithonian		146.3 *
		Kimmeridgian			Late Kimmeridgian			149.2
		Kimmeridgian			Early Kimmeridgian			152.2 *
		Oxfordian			Late Oxfordian	Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian		154.8
		Oxfordian				Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian		157.9 *
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian			Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian			161.5
		Bathonian			Late Bathonian/Middle Bathonian/Early Bathonian			165.3
		Bajocian			Late Bajocian			168.2
		Bajocian			Early Bajocian			168.6 *
		Aalenian			Late Aalenian/Middle Aalenian/Early Aalenian			170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian			Late Toarcian			174.7
					Middle Toarcian			180.4 *
					Early Toarcian			182.9 *
		Pliensbachian			Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian			184.2
		Sinemurian			Late Sinemurian/Early Sinemurian			192.9
		Hettangian			Late Hettangian/Middle Hettangian/Early Hettangian			199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian						201.4
		Norian			Sevatian			208.5
					Alaunian			213.2 *
					Lacian			216.7 *
		Carnian			Tuvalian			227
		Carnian			Julian			233.4 *
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian			Longobardian			237
		Ladinian			Fassanian			239.7 *
		Anisian			Illyrian			242
					Pelsonian			243.8 *
					Bithynian			244.7 *
					Aegean			245.5 *
	Early Triassic	Olenekian			Spathian			247.2
		Olenekian			Smithian			248.9 *
		Induan			Dienerian			251.2
		Induan			Griesbachian			251.4 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian						251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian						Longtanian †	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian							259.51
		Wordian							264.28
		Roadian							266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian							273.01
		Artinskian	283.5
		Sakmarian	290.1
		Asselian	Bursumian †						293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian	Virgilian						298.9
		Kasimovian	Missourian						303.7
		Kasimovian	Desmoinesian						305.9 *
		Moscovian	Desmoinesian						307
		Moscovian	Atokan						312.7 *
		Bashkirian	Atokan						315.2
		Bashkirian	Morrowan						318.4 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Chesterian						323.2
		Visean	Chesterian						330.9
			Meramecian						335.8 *
			Osagean						343.1 *
		Tournaisian	Osagean						346.7
		Tournaisian	Kinderhookian						351.9 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian							358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian					372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian					382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian					387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian					393.3
		Pragian					407.6
		Lochkovian					410.8
Silurian	Pridoli						419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian					423
	Ludlow	Gorstian		425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian		427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian		430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian		433.4
		Aeronian		438.5
		Rhuddanian		440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian		Cincinnatian		Gamachian	443.8
		Katian				Gamachian	445.2
						Richmondian	446 *
						Maysvillian	Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian		449.8 *
						Edenian			450.4 *
				Mohawkian		Chatfieldian			451.1 *
		Sandbian				Chatfieldian			453
						Turinian			453.7 *
				Whiterockian			Canadian †		Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian								458.4
		Dapingian								467.3
		Dapingian				Rangerian				469.1 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian		Ibexian		Blackhillsian			Jeffersonian †	Cassinian †	470
		Floian				Tulean					473.9 *
		Tremadocian				Tulean					477.7
						Stairsian					480.3 *
						Skullrockian				Demingian †	482 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10				Skullrockian					485.4
		Stage 10									487.5
		Jiangshanian									489.5
		Paibian									494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian									Series 3 †	497
		Drumian										500.5
		Wuliuan						Stage 5 †				504.5
														509