PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		Ordovician of Australia	Ammonite Chrons of Northwest Europe		Ordovician of Ibero-Bohemia				Devonian of Germany	Permian of the Salt Range	Cambrian of Kazakhstan	Cambrian of China
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan				Wanganui	Haweran													0
		Northgrippian																		0.0042
		Greenlandian																		0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene																		0.0117
		Chibanian																		0.129
		Chibanian					Castlecliffian													0.34
		Calabrian					Castlecliffian													0.774
		Calabrian					Nukumaruan													1.63
		Gelasian					Nukumaruan													1.8
		Gelasian					Mangapanian													2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †				Mangapanian													2.58
		Piacenzian					Waipipian													3
		Zanclean					Waipipian													3.6
		Zanclean					Opoitian													3.7
	Miocene	Messinian				Taranaki	Kapitean													5.333
		Messinian					Tongaporutuan													7.2
		Tortonian					Tongaporutuan													7.246
		Tortonian				Southland	Waiauan													11.04
		Serravallian					Waiauan													11.63
		Serravallian					Lillburnian													13.05
		Langhian					Lillburnian													13.82
							Clifdenian													15.1
						Pareora	Altonian													15.9
		Burdigalian					Altonian													15.98
		Burdigalian					Otaian													18.7
		Aquitanian					Otaian													20.44
		Aquitanian				Landon	Waitakian													21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian					Waitakian													23.03
							Duntroonian													25.2
							Whaingaroan													27.3
		Rupelian																		27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian																		33.9
						Arnold	Runangan													34.6
							Kaiatan													36.7
		Bartonian					Kaiatan													37.71
		Bartonian					Bortonian													39.1
		Lutetian					Bortonian													41.2
						Dannevirke	Porangan													42.6
							Heretaungan													45.7
		Ypresian					Heretaungan													47.8
							Mangaorapan													48.9
							Waipawan													52
	Paleocene	Thanetian					Teurian													56
		Selandian																		59.2
		Danian																		61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian				Mata	Haumurian													66
		Campanian					Haumurian													72.1
		Santonian					Piripauan													83.6
		Santonian				Raukumara	Teratan													86.1
		Coniacian																		86.3
		Turonian																		89.8
							Mangaotanean													90.5
							Arowhanan													93.7
		Cenomanian					Arowhanan													93.9
						Clarence	Ngaterian													95.2
							Motuan													99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian					Motuan													100.5
							Urutawan													103.3
						Taitai	Korangan													108.4
		Aptian					Korangan													113
		Aptian																		117.5
		Barremian																		121.4
		Hauterivian																		125.77
		Valanginian																		132.6
		Berriasian		139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian			145
		Kimmeridgian			149.2
		Oxfordian			154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian			161.5
		Bathonian			165.3
		Bajocian			Parkinsoni/Garantiana/Subfurcatum/Sauzei/Laeviuscula/Discites	168.2
		Bajocian				Humphresianum		168.4
		Aalenian			Concavum/Murchisonae/Opalinum			170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian			Levesquei/Variabilis/Bifrons	Thouarsense		174.7
					Levesquei/Variabilis/Bifrons			180.1
					Serpentinum/Falciferum/Tenuicostatum			182
		Pliensbachian			Spinatum/Margaritatus/Davoei/Ibex/Jamesoni			184.2
		Sinemurian			Raricostatum/Oxynotum/Obtusum/Turneri/Semicostatum/Bucklandi			192.9
		Hettangian			Angulata/Liasicus/Planorbis			199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian						201.4
		Norian						208.5
		Carnian						227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian						237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian						242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian						247.2
		Induan						251.2
		Induan						Kathwai	251.5 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian						Kathwai	251.902
									252.4 *
								Chhidru	252.9 *
		Wuchiapingian						Chhidru	Longtanian †	254.14
								Kalabagh		255 *
								Wargal		256 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian								259.51
		Wordian								264.28
										265.3 *
								Amb		266.1 *
		Roadian						Amb		266.9
		Roadian								270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian								273.01
		Artinskian								283.5
		Sakmarian								290.1
		Asselian								293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian								Late Pennsylvanian	298.9
		Kasimovian								Late Pennsylvanian	303.7
		Moscovian								Middle Pennsylvanian	307
		Bashkirian								Early Pennsylvanian	315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian								Late Mississippian	323.2
		Visean								Middle Mississippian	330.9
		Tournaisian	Early Mississippian							346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Wocklum/Dasberg/Hemberg/Nehden								358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	Adorf								372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Givetian								382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	Eifelian								387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Emsian								393.3
		Pragian	Siegen								407.6
		Lochkovian	Gedinnine								410.8
Silurian	Pridoli										419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian									423
	Ludlow	Gorstian									425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian									427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian									430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian									433.4
		Aeronian									438.5
		Rhuddanian					440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian					Bolindian				Kosovian	Harju	Porkuni	443.8
		Katian					Bolindian				Kralodvorian		Bohdalec †	Pirgu	445.2
							Eastonian							Pirgu	449 *
														Vormsi	449.6 *
				Berounian							449.7 *			Vormsi
											Nabala			Johvi †	450 *
											Viru	Rakvere			450.6 *
							Gisbornian					Oandu			452 *
		Sandbian										Keila		Idavere †	453
												Haljala			453.9
												Haljala			Zahorany †/Vinice	Letna †	456.2 *
												Kukruse					456.4 *
												Uhaku		Aluoja †			457.5 *
						Liben †									458 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian					Darriwilian								458.4
				Dobrotivian											458.5 *
				Dobrotivian								Lasnamagi			458.9 *
				Oretanian								Lasnamagi			459.7 *
					Aseri							460.4 *
					Aseri	Sarka †									461.7 *
					Oeland						Kunda				462.9 *
											Kunda			Valaste †/Hunderum	464.3 *
											Volkhov				Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian				Yapeenian	Klabava †									467.3
				Arenigian		Yapeenian										468
						Castlemainian										468.5 *
						Castlemainian					Billingen					469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian				Chewtonian										470
						Chewtonian								Latorp †		470.1 *
						Bendigonian										471.8 *
						Lancefieldian										473.5 *
											Hunneberg					473.7 *
		Tremadocian		Tremadocian					Ungurian		Hunneberg					477.7
											Varangu					481.3 *
											Pakerort					482.2 *
						Warendian										482.8 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10							Batyrbaian					Niuchehean		Taoyuanian †		485.4
											486.3 *
											486.5
		Jiangshanian									Jiangshanian			489.5
									Aksaian					490.7 *
									Sakian					492.2 *
		Paibian									Paibian			494
		Paibian									Paibian			Waergangian †/Youshuanian		494.9 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian							Series 3 †		Ayusokkanian			Guzhangian		Wangcunian †		497
		Guzhangian												Guzhangian				499.5
		Drumian									Zhanaarykian			Drumian				500.5
		Drumian									Tuesaian			Drumian				503
		Wuliuan									Tuesaian			Stage 5 †		Wuliuan/Taijangian			504.5
		Wuliuan									505.3			Stage 5 †		Wuliuan/Taijangian
	Series 2	Stage 4												Duyunian		509
										Toyonian						510 *
										Botomian						512.5 *
		Stage 3								Botomian				Nangaoian		514
		Stage 3								Atdabanian				Nangaoian		515.6 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2								Tommotian				Meishucunian		521
		Stage 2								525.5
		Fortunian								529
		Fortunian								Jinnigian				530.7
																				538.8