PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. F. Steininger, W. A. Berggren, D. V. Kent, R. L. Bernor, S. Sen and J. Agusti. 1996. Circum-Mediterranean Neogene (Miocene and Pliocene) marine-continental chronologic correlations of European mammal units. The Evolution of Western Eurasian Neogene Mammal Faunas (eds. R. L. Bernor, V. Fahlbusch, and H.-W. Mittmann) view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		Ordovician of Britain				Silurian of the Baltic	Carboniferous of China	Cambrian of Kazakhstan	Silurian of England		Cambrian Epochs	European Faunal Units	Ordovician of North America
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan				Wanganui	Haweran													0
		Northgrippian																		0.0042
		Greenlandian																		0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene																		0.0117
		Chibanian																		0.129
		Chibanian					Castlecliffian													0.34
		Calabrian					Castlecliffian													0.774
		Calabrian					Nukumaruan													1.63
		Gelasian					Nukumaruan													1.8
		Gelasian					Mangapanian													2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †				Mangapanian											Villanyian		2.58
							Waipipian											Villanyian		3
																		Ruscinian		3.1 *
		Zanclean																		3.6
		Zanclean					Opoitian													3.7
	Miocene	Messinian				Taranaki	Kapitean											Turolian		5.333
		Messinian					Tongaporutuan													7.2
		Tortonian																		7.246
																		Vallesian		8.7
						Southland	Waiauan											Vallesian		11.04
		Serravallian					Waiauan											Astaracian		11.63
		Serravallian					Lillburnian													13.05
		Langhian					Lillburnian													13.82
							Clifdenian													15.1
						Pareora	Altonian													15.9
		Burdigalian					Altonian											Orleanian		15.98
							Otaian											Orleanian		18.7
																		Agenian		20
		Aquitanian																		20.44
		Aquitanian				Landon	Waitakian													21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian					Waitakian													23.03
							Duntroonian													25.2
							Whaingaroan													27.3
		Rupelian																		27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian																		33.9
						Arnold	Runangan													34.6
							Kaiatan													36.7
		Bartonian					Kaiatan													37.71
		Bartonian					Bortonian													39.1
		Lutetian					Bortonian													41.2
						Dannevirke	Porangan													42.6
							Heretaungan													45.7
		Ypresian					Heretaungan													47.8
							Mangaorapan													48.9
							Waipawan													52
	Paleocene	Thanetian					Teurian													56
		Selandian																		59.2
		Danian																		61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian				Mata	Haumurian													66
		Campanian					Haumurian													72.1
		Santonian					Piripauan													83.6
		Santonian				Raukumara	Teratan													86.1
		Coniacian																		86.3
		Turonian																		89.8
							Mangaotanean													90.5
							Arowhanan													93.7
		Cenomanian					Arowhanan													93.9
						Clarence	Ngaterian													95.2
							Motuan													99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian					Motuan													100.5
							Urutawan													103.3
						Taitai	Korangan													108.4
		Aptian					Korangan													113
		Aptian																		117.5
		Barremian		121.4
		Hauterivian		125.77
		Valanginian		132.6
		Berriasian		139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian			145
		Kimmeridgian			149.2
		Oxfordian			154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian			161.5
		Bathonian			165.3
		Bajocian			168.2
		Aalenian			170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian			174.7
		Pliensbachian			184.2
		Sinemurian			192.9
		Hettangian			199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian			201.4
		Norian			208.5
		Carnian			227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian			237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian			242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian			247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan			251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian			251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian			Longtanian †	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian				259.51
		Wordian				264.28
		Roadian				266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian				273.01
		Artinskian				283.5
		Sakmarian				290.1
		Asselian				293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian				298.9
		Gzhelian				Xiaodushanian		300 *
		Kasimovian				Xiaodushanian		303.7
		Kasimovian				Dalaun		305.8 *
		Moscovian						307
		Bashkirian						315.2
						Huashibanian		318.5 *
						Lousuan		321.2 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian				Dewunian		323.2
		Serpukhovian				Shangsian		330.8 *
		Visean				Shangsian		330.9
		Visean				Jiusian		335 *
		Tournaisian				Tangbagouan		346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian						358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian						372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian						382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian						387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	393.3
		Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		Ohesaare					Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle	Whitcliffe/Leintwardine	419.2
			Ohesaare						Bringewood/Elton	421.3
			Kaugetuma						Bringewood/Elton	421.7 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian	Kuressaare					Coalbrookdale	Wenlock (England)/Tickwood	423
		Ludfordian	Paadla						Wenlock (England)/Tickwood	423.4 *
		Gorstian								425.6
		Gorstian							Buildwas	426.4 *
	Wenlock	Homerian	Rootsikula						Buildwas	427.4
			Rootsikula					Wych	Woolhope	428.4 *
			Jaagarahu							429.2 *
		Sheinwoodian	Jaagarahu							430.5
		Sheinwoodian	Jaani							431.8 *
	Llandovery	Telychian	Jaani				433.4
			Adavere				434 *
									436.3 *
		Aeronian							438.5
								Cowleigh Park	439.3 *
			Raikkula	439.4 *
		Rhuddanian	Raikkula	440.8
		Rhuddanian	Juuru	441.4 *
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Ashgill	Hirnantian						Cincinnatian	Gamachian	443.8
		Katian		Rawtheyan							Gamachian	445.2
				Rawtheyan							Richmondian	446 *
				Cautleyan								448.9 *
				Pusgillian								449.3 *
			Caradoc	Streffordian								Onnian †	449.6 *
											Maysvillian		Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
											Edenian			450.4 *
										Mohawkian	Chatfieldian			451.1 *
				Cheneyan										451.5 *
				Burrellian										452.7 *
		Sandbian												453
												Actonian †		453.2 *
											Turinian	Actonian †		453.7 *
												Marshbrookian †		Woolstonian †	454.2 *
												Longvillian †			455.2 *
				Aurelucian											456.8 *
					Whiterockian						Canadian †		Chazyan †/Marmor		457 *
												Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian			457.4 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Llanvirn	Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn											458.4
		Darriwilian		Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn											461.3 *
		Dapingian		Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn											467.3
			Arenig	Fennian											468.4 *
										Rangerian					469.1 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian			Ibexian					Blackhillsian			Jeffersonian †		Cassinian †	470
				Whitlandian						Blackhillsian						471.1 *
				Whitlandian						Tulean						473.9 *
				Moridunian												474.3 *
		Tremadocian	Tremadoc	Migneintian												Ungurian	477.7
				Migneintian						Stairsian							480.3 *
				Cressagian						Stairsian							480.8 *
				Cressagian						Skullrockian					Demingian †		482 *
															Demingian †		485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10									Batyrbaian		Late Cambrian					485.4
		Stage 10																487.5
		Jiangshanian																489.5
											Aksaian							490.7 *
						Sakian					492.2 *
		Paibian				Sakian					494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian				Series 3 †					Ayusokkanian		Middle Cambrian					497
		Guzhangian																499.5
		Drumian									Zhanaarykian							500.5
		Drumian									Tuesaian							503
		Wuliuan									Tuesaian							Stage 5 †	504.5
		Wuliuan																Stage 5 †	505.3
	Series 2	Stage 4																Early Cambrian	509
											Toyonian								510 *
											Botomian								512.5 *
		Stage 3									Botomian								514
		Stage 3									Atdabanian								515.6 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2									Tommotian								521
		Stage 2																	525.5
		Fortunian																	529
																				538.8