PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
A. G. Sennikov and V. K. Golubev. 2006. Vyazniki Biotic Assemblage of the Terminal Permian. Paleontological Journal 40(suppl. 4):S475-S481 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		Silurian of England		Permo-Triassic Subages of Eastern Europe	Ordovician of the Baltic				Silurian of North America			Silurian Ages of Europe	Cretaceous Subepochs
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan				Wanganui	Haweran													0
		Northgrippian																		0.0042
		Greenlandian																		0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene																		0.0117
		Chibanian																		0.129
		Chibanian					Castlecliffian													0.34
		Calabrian					Castlecliffian													0.774
		Calabrian					Nukumaruan													1.63
		Gelasian					Nukumaruan													1.8
		Gelasian					Mangapanian													2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †				Mangapanian													2.58
		Piacenzian					Waipipian													3
		Zanclean					Waipipian													3.6
		Zanclean					Opoitian													3.7
	Miocene	Messinian				Taranaki	Kapitean													5.333
		Messinian					Tongaporutuan													7.2
		Tortonian					Tongaporutuan													7.246
		Tortonian				Southland	Waiauan													11.04
		Serravallian					Waiauan													11.63
		Serravallian					Lillburnian													13.05
		Langhian					Lillburnian													13.82
							Clifdenian													15.1
						Pareora	Altonian													15.9
		Burdigalian					Altonian													15.98
		Burdigalian					Otaian													18.7
		Aquitanian					Otaian													20.44
		Aquitanian				Landon	Waitakian													21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian					Waitakian													23.03
							Duntroonian													25.2
							Whaingaroan													27.3
		Rupelian																		27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian																		33.9
						Arnold	Runangan													34.6
							Kaiatan													36.7
		Bartonian					Kaiatan													37.71
		Bartonian					Bortonian													39.1
		Lutetian					Bortonian													41.2
						Dannevirke	Porangan													42.6
							Heretaungan													45.7
		Ypresian					Heretaungan													47.8
							Mangaorapan													48.9
							Waipawan													52
	Paleocene	Thanetian					Teurian													56
		Selandian																		59.2
		Danian																		61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian				Mata	Haumurian												Senonian	66
		Campanian					Haumurian													72.1
		Santonian					Piripauan													83.6
		Santonian				Raukumara	Teratan													86.1
		Coniacian																		86.3
		Turonian																		89.8
							Mangaotanean													90.5
							Arowhanan													93.7
		Cenomanian					Arowhanan													93.9
						Clarence	Ngaterian													95.2
							Motuan													99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian					Motuan												Gallic	100.5
							Urutawan													103.3
						Taitai	Korangan													108.4
		Aptian					Korangan													113
		Aptian																		117.5
		Barremian																		121.4
		Hauterivian																	Neocomian	125.77
		Valanginian																		132.6
		Berriasian		139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian				145
		Kimmeridgian				149.2
		Oxfordian				154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian				161.5
		Bathonian				165.3
		Bajocian				168.2
		Aalenian				170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian				174.7
		Pliensbachian				184.2
		Sinemurian				192.9
		Hettangian				199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian				201.4
		Norian				208.5
		Carnian				227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian				237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian				242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian				Vokhmian		247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan				Vokhmian		251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian						251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian				Longtanian †		Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian						Late Severodvinian/Early Severodvinian	259.51
		Wordian						Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian	264.28
		Roadian						Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian	266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian							273.01
		Artinskian							283.5
		Sakmarian							290.1
		Asselian							293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian							298.9
		Kasimovian							303.7
		Moscovian							307
		Bashkirian							315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian							323.2
		Visean							330.9
		Tournaisian							346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian							358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian							372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian							382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian							387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian							393.3
		Pragian							407.6
		Lochkovian							410.8
Silurian	Pridoli								Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle	Whitcliffe/Leintwardine	Cayugan	419.2
										Bringewood/Elton	Cayugan	421.3
										Bringewood/Elton	Niagaran	422.5 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian	Coalbrookdale						Wenlock (England)/Tickwood	423
		Gorstian								425.6
		Gorstian							Buildwas	426.4 *
	Wenlock	Homerian							Buildwas	Lockportian		Gleedonian	427.4
			Wych						Woolhope			Gleedonian	428.4 *
												Whitwellian	429.7 *
		Sheinwoodian											430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian								Ontarian			433.4
		Telychian											436.3 *
		Aeronian											438.5
													Alexandrian	438.7 *
			Cowleigh Park											439.3 *
										Medinan	Clinton			440.1 *
														440.7 *
		Rhuddanian												440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian					Harju			Porkuni					Ashgill	Hirnantian	443.8
		Katian								Pirgu						Rawtheyan	445.2
																Cautleyan	448.9 *
																Pusgillian	449.3 *
										Vormsi					Caradoc	Streffordian	Onnian †	449.6 *
				Nabala	Johvi †					450 *
				Viru			Rakvere			450.6 *
							Rakvere			Cheneyan						451.5 *
							Oandu			Cheneyan						452 *
							Oandu			Burrellian						452.7 *
		Sandbian			Keila		Idavere †									453
					Keila											Actonian †	453.2 *
					Haljala											Actonian †	453.9
																Marshbrookian †	Woolstonian †	454.2 *
																Longvillian †		455.2 *
					Kukruse													456.4 *
										Aurelucian								456.8 *
																Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian		457.4 *
					Uhaku		Aluoja †									Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian		457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian			Uhaku					Llanvirn					Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn			458.4
					Lasnamagi													458.9 *
					Aseri													460.4 *
					Aseri										Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn			461.3 *
				Oeland	Kunda													462.9 *
					Kunda		Valaste †/Hunderum											464.3 *
					Volkhov	Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka												467.1 *
		Dapingian																467.3
										Arenig					Fennian			468.4 *
					Billingen			469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian						470
						Latorp †		470.1 *
								Whitlandian							471.1 *
					Hunneberg			Whitlandian							473.7 *
								Moridunian							474.3 *
		Tremadocian						Tremadoc		Migneintian					477.7
										Cressagian					480.8 *
					Varangu										481.3 *
					Pakerort										482.2 *
															485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10													485.4
															486.3 *
															486.5
		Jiangshanian													489.5
		Paibian													494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian													Series 3 †			497
		Drumian																500.5
		Wuliuan																Stage 5 †	504.5
																				509