PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		Permian Subages of Germany	Silurian Ages of Europe	Ordovician of China			Devonian of France	Cambrian of Britain		Cambrian of Siberia			Permian of North America		Silurian of North America
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan				Wanganui	Haweran															0
		Northgrippian																				0.0042
		Greenlandian																				0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene																				0.0117
		Chibanian																				0.129
		Chibanian					Castlecliffian															0.34
		Calabrian					Castlecliffian															0.774
		Calabrian					Nukumaruan															1.63
		Gelasian					Nukumaruan															1.8
		Gelasian					Mangapanian															2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †				Mangapanian															2.58
		Piacenzian					Waipipian															3
		Zanclean					Waipipian															3.6
		Zanclean					Opoitian															3.7
	Miocene	Messinian				Taranaki	Kapitean															5.333
		Messinian					Tongaporutuan															7.2
		Tortonian					Tongaporutuan															7.246
		Tortonian				Southland	Waiauan															11.04
		Serravallian					Waiauan															11.63
		Serravallian					Lillburnian															13.05
		Langhian					Lillburnian															13.82
							Clifdenian															15.1
						Pareora	Altonian															15.9
		Burdigalian					Altonian															15.98
		Burdigalian					Otaian															18.7
		Aquitanian					Otaian															20.44
		Aquitanian				Landon	Waitakian															21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian					Waitakian															23.03
							Duntroonian															25.2
							Whaingaroan															27.3
		Rupelian																				27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian																				33.9
						Arnold	Runangan															34.6
							Kaiatan															36.7
		Bartonian					Kaiatan															37.71
		Bartonian					Bortonian															39.1
		Lutetian					Bortonian															41.2
						Dannevirke	Porangan															42.6
							Heretaungan															45.7
		Ypresian					Heretaungan															47.8
							Mangaorapan															48.9
							Waipawan															52
	Paleocene	Thanetian					Teurian															56
		Selandian																				59.2
		Danian																				61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian				Mata	Haumurian															66
		Campanian					Haumurian															72.1
		Santonian					Piripauan															83.6
		Santonian				Raukumara	Teratan															86.1
		Coniacian																				86.3
		Turonian																				89.8
							Mangaotanean															90.5
							Arowhanan															93.7
		Cenomanian					Arowhanan															93.9
						Clarence	Ngaterian															95.2
							Motuan															99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian					Motuan															100.5
							Urutawan															103.3
						Taitai	Korangan															108.4
		Aptian					Korangan															113
		Aptian																				117.5
		Barremian																				121.4
		Hauterivian																				125.77
		Valanginian																				132.6
		Berriasian		139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian			145
		Kimmeridgian			149.2
		Oxfordian			154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian			161.5
		Bathonian			165.3
		Bajocian			168.2
		Aalenian			170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian			174.7
		Pliensbachian			184.2
		Sinemurian			192.9
		Hettangian			199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian			201.4
		Norian			208.5
		Carnian			227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian			237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian			242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian			247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan			251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian			Buntsandstein	251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian			Buntsandstein	Longtanian †		254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian				Ohre/Aller		Capitanian	259.51
		Wordian				Leine		Wordian	264.28
		Roadian						Roadian	266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian						Leonardian	Cathedralian	273.01
		Kungurian							Hessian	281.9 *
		Artinskian							Hessian	283.5
		Artinskian						Wolfcampian	Lenoxian	286.1 *
		Sakmarian							Lenoxian	290.1
		Asselian							Nealian	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian								298.9
		Kasimovian								303.7
		Moscovian								307
		Bashkirian								315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian								323.2
		Visean								330.9
		Tournaisian								346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian								Famennian	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian								Frasnian	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian								Givetian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian								Couvinien	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian									393.3
		Pragian									407.6
		Pragian								Coblencien	408.2 *
		Lochkovian								Gedinnine	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli									Cayugan	419.2
	Pridoli									Niagaran	422.5 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian									423
	Ludlow	Gorstian									425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian									Gleedonian	Lockportian	427.4
		Homerian									Whitwellian	Lockportian	429.7 *
		Sheinwoodian											430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian										Ontarian	433.4
		Aeronian											438.5
													Alexandrian	438.7 *
										Medinan		Clinton		440.1 *
														440.7 *
		Rhuddanian												440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian								Hirnantian			Xiaoxita †/Shikou	Wufeng †	443.8
		Katian								Chientangkiangian				Wufeng †	445.2
		Katian					Neichianshanian/Hanjiang							449.5
		Sandbian					Neichianshanian/Hanjiang							453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian					Darriwilian						Guniu †/Hulo	458.4
		Darriwilian					Darriwilian			Hunjiang †			Dawan †/Daobaowan/Ningkuo	466.3 *
		Dapingian					Dapingian							467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian		Yiyangian			470
		Tremadocian		Xinchangian			477.7
							Lianghekou †						477.9 *
							Lianghekou †						Mansian †	483.55 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10											Merioneth	Dolgellian/Trempealeauan	Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan	Batyrbaian	Tavgian †	Ketyan †/Yurakian	485.4
														Dolgellian/Trempealeauan					Sunwaptan	487.5
														Festiniogian						489.2 *
		Jiangshanian																		489.5
																Aksaian				490.7 *
																Sakian				492.2 *
																			Steptoean	493 *
														Maentwrogian						493.1 *
		Paibian																		494
		Paibian																Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian		494.7 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian											Series 3 †	St Davids		Marjumian	Albertian †	Ayusokkanian			497
		Guzhangian																Mayan/Menevian			499.5
		Drumian																Mayan/Menevian			500.5
		Wuliuan			Stage 5 †											Topazan		Amgan/Solvan			504.5
		Wuliuan			Stage 5 †											Delamaran					506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4												Caerfai			Waucoban †				509
																		Toyonian	Lenian †		510 *
																Dyeran		Toyonian			511 *
						Botomian												512.5 *
		Stage 3																514
																Montezuman		514.8 *
						Atdabanian										Montezuman			515.6 *
						Atdabanian										Begadean			519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2				Tommotian													521
		Stage 2				Nemakit-Daldynian													525.5
		Fortunian				Nemakit-Daldynian		Manykaian †	529
																						538.8