PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
J. A. Lillegraven and M. C. McKenna. 1986. Fossil mammals from the "Mesaverde" Formation (Late Cretaceous, Judithian) of the Bighorn and Wind River basins, Wyoming, with definitions of Late Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal "Ages". American Museum Novitates 2840:1-68 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

Show more time

Show linear time

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		Ammonite Chrons of North America			Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal Ages	Cenozoic Subepochs
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan				Wanganui	Haweran						0
		Northgrippian											0.0042
		Greenlandian											0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene										Late Pleistocene	0.0117
		Chibanian										Middle Pleistocene	0.129
		Chibanian					Castlecliffian					Middle Pleistocene	0.34
		Calabrian					Castlecliffian					Early Pleistocene	0.774
		Calabrian					Nukumaruan						1.63
		Gelasian					Nukumaruan						1.8
		Gelasian					Mangapanian						2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †				Mangapanian					Late Pliocene	2.58
		Piacenzian					Waipipian					Late Pliocene	3
		Zanclean					Waipipian					Early Pliocene	3.6
		Zanclean					Opoitian					Early Pliocene	3.7
	Miocene	Messinian				Taranaki	Kapitean					Late Miocene	5.333
		Messinian					Tongaporutuan						7.2
		Tortonian					Tongaporutuan						7.246
		Tortonian				Southland	Waiauan						11.04
		Serravallian					Waiauan					Middle Miocene	11.63
		Serravallian					Lillburnian						13.05
		Langhian					Lillburnian						13.82
							Clifdenian						15.1
						Pareora	Altonian						15.9
		Burdigalian					Altonian					Early Miocene	15.98
		Burdigalian					Otaian						18.7
		Aquitanian					Otaian						20.44
		Aquitanian				Landon	Waitakian						21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian					Waitakian					Late Oligocene	23.03
							Duntroonian						25.2
							Whaingaroan						27.3
		Rupelian										Early Oligocene	27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian										Late Eocene	33.9
						Arnold	Runangan						34.6
							Kaiatan						36.7
		Bartonian					Kaiatan					Middle Eocene	37.71
		Bartonian					Bortonian						39.1
		Lutetian					Bortonian						41.2
						Dannevirke	Porangan						42.6
							Heretaungan						45.7
		Ypresian					Heretaungan					Early Eocene	47.8
							Mangaorapan						48.9
							Waipawan						52
	Paleocene	Thanetian					Teurian					Late Paleocene	56
		Selandian										Middle Paleocene	59.2
		Danian										Early Paleocene	61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian				Mata	Haumurian				Lancian/Edmontonian		66
		Campanian					Haumurian				Judithian/Aquilan		72.1
		Santonian					Piripauan						83.6
		Santonian				Raukumara	Teratan						86.1
		Coniacian											86.3
		Turonian											89.8
							Mangaotanean						90.5
							Arowhanan						93.7
		Cenomanian					Arowhanan						93.9
						Clarence	Ngaterian						95.2
							Motuan						99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian					Motuan						100.5
							Urutawan						103.3
						Taitai	Korangan						108.4
		Aptian					Korangan						113
		Aptian											117.5
		Barremian											121.4
		Hauterivian											125.77
		Valanginian											132.6
		Berriasian		139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian			145
		Kimmeridgian			149.2
		Oxfordian			154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian			161.5
		Bathonian			165.3
		Bajocian			Epizigzagiceras	168.2
		Bajocian			Rotundum/Oblatum/Kirschneri/Crassicostatus/Widebayense	168.4
		Aalenian			Howelli/Scissum/Westermanni	170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian			Yakounensis/Hillebrandti/Crassicosta	174.7
					Planulata	179.3 *
					Planulata	Arnioceras arnouldi		179.8 *
					Kanense			181.3 *
					Carlottense			182.3 *
					Kunae			183.5 *
		Pliensbachian			Kunae			184.2
					Freboldi			185.1 *
					Whiteavesi/Imlayi			Tetraspidoceras	186.2 *
								Tetraspidoceras	189.2 *
					Plesechioceras harbledownense/Asteroceras varians/Coroniceras			Canadensis	190.3 *
		Sinemurian							192.9
					Pseudaetomoceras	Psiloceras			196.4 *
					Franziceras/Euphyllites				196.5 *
		Hettangian			Franziceras/Euphyllites				199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian							201.4
		Norian							208.5
		Carnian							227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian							237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian							242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian							247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan							251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian							251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian							Longtanian †	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian								259.51
		Wordian								264.28
		Roadian								266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian								273.01
		Artinskian								283.5
		Sakmarian								290.1
		Asselian								293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian								298.9
		Kasimovian								303.7
		Moscovian								307
		Bashkirian								315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian								323.2
		Visean	330.9
		Tournaisian	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	393.3
		Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian	423
	Ludlow	Gorstian	425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian	430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	433.4
		Aeronian	438.5
		Rhuddanian	440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	443.8
		Katian	445.2
		Sandbian	453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian	467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian	470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian	477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	485.4
		Jiangshanian	489.5
		Paibian	494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Series 3 †	497
		Drumian		500.5
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †			504.5
													509