PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		Ammonite Chrons of Northwest Europe		Ammonite Chrons of North America			Ordovician of the Baltic		Ten Million Year Bins
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan				Wanganui	Haweran								Cenozoic 6	0
		Northgrippian														0.0042
		Greenlandian														0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene														0.0117
		Chibanian														0.129
		Chibanian					Castlecliffian									0.34
		Calabrian					Castlecliffian									0.774
		Calabrian					Nukumaruan									1.63
		Gelasian					Nukumaruan									1.8
		Gelasian					Mangapanian									2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †				Mangapanian									2.58
		Piacenzian					Waipipian									3
		Zanclean					Waipipian									3.6
		Zanclean					Opoitian									3.7
	Miocene	Messinian				Taranaki	Kapitean									5.333
		Messinian					Tongaporutuan									7.2
		Tortonian					Tongaporutuan									7.246
		Tortonian				Southland	Waiauan									11.04
		Serravallian					Waiauan								Cenozoic 5	11.63
		Serravallian					Lillburnian									13.05
		Langhian					Lillburnian									13.82
							Clifdenian									15.1
						Pareora	Altonian									15.9
		Burdigalian					Altonian									15.98
		Burdigalian					Otaian									18.7
		Aquitanian					Otaian									20.44
		Aquitanian				Landon	Waitakian									21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian					Waitakian								Cenozoic 4	23.03
							Duntroonian									25.2
							Whaingaroan									27.3
		Rupelian														27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian													Cenozoic 3	33.9
						Arnold	Runangan									34.6
							Kaiatan									36.7
		Bartonian					Kaiatan									37.71
		Bartonian					Bortonian									39.1
		Lutetian					Bortonian								Cenozoic 2	41.2
						Dannevirke	Porangan									42.6
							Heretaungan									45.7
		Ypresian					Heretaungan									47.8
							Mangaorapan									48.9
							Waipawan									52
	Paleocene	Thanetian					Teurian								Cenozoic 1	56
		Selandian														59.2
		Danian														61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian				Mata	Haumurian								Cretaceous 8	66
		Campanian					Haumurian								Cretaceous 7	72.1
		Santonian					Piripauan								Cretaceous 6	83.6
		Santonian				Raukumara	Teratan									86.1
		Coniacian														86.3
		Turonian														89.8
							Mangaotanean									90.5
							Arowhanan									93.7
		Cenomanian					Arowhanan								Cretaceous 5	93.9
						Clarence	Ngaterian									95.2
							Motuan									99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian					Motuan								Cretaceous 4	100.5
							Urutawan									103.3
						Taitai	Korangan									108.4
		Aptian					Korangan								Cretaceous 3	113
		Aptian													Cretaceous 3	117.5
		Barremian													Cretaceous 2	121.4
		Hauterivian													Cretaceous 2	125.77
		Valanginian													Cretaceous 1	132.6
		Berriasian		139.8											Cretaceous 1
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian			Jurassic 6	145
		Kimmeridgian			Jurassic 5	149.2
		Oxfordian				154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian				161.5
		Bathonian			Jurassic 4	165.3
		Bajocian				Parkinsoni/Garantiana/Subfurcatum/Sauzei/Laeviuscula/Discites		Epizigzagiceras	168.2
		Bajocian						Humphresianum	Rotundum/Oblatum/Kirschneri/Crassicostatus/Widebayense	168.4
		Aalenian			Concavum/Murchisonae/Opalinum			Howelli/Scissum/Westermanni	Jurassic 3	170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian			Levesquei/Variabilis/Bifrons	Thouarsense		Yakounensis/Hillebrandti/Crassicosta		174.7
								Planulata		179.3 *
										Arnioceras arnouldi	179.8 *
											180.1
								Kanense			181.3 *
					Serpentinum/Falciferum/Tenuicostatum			Kanense			182
								Carlottense			182.3 *
								Kunae			183.5 *
		Pliensbachian			Spinatum/Margaritatus/Davoei/Ibex/Jamesoni			Kunae	Jurassic 2		184.2
								Freboldi			185.1 *
								Whiteavesi/Imlayi			Tetraspidoceras	186.2 *
											Tetraspidoceras	189.2 *
								Plesechioceras harbledownense/Asteroceras varians/Coroniceras			Canadensis	190.3 *
		Sinemurian			Raricostatum/Oxynotum/Obtusum/Turneri/Semicostatum/Bucklandi				Jurassic 1			192.9
								Pseudaetomoceras		Psiloceras		196.4 *
								Franziceras/Euphyllites				196.5 *
		Hettangian			Angulata/Liasicus/Planorbis			Franziceras/Euphyllites				199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian								Triassic 4		201.4
		Norian								Triassic 4		208.5
		Carnian								Triassic 3		227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian								Triassic 2		237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian								Triassic 2		242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian								Triassic 1		247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan								Triassic 1		251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian								Permian 4		Melekhovian	251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian											Longtanian †	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian												259.51
		Wordian												264.28
		Wordian										Noginskian		264.9 *
		Roadian								Permian 3				266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian								Permian 2				273.01
		Kungurian										Pavlovoposadian		276.8 *
		Artinskian										Pavlovoposadian		283.5
		Artinskian										Rusavkinian		287.6 *
		Sakmarian												290.1
		Asselian								Permian 1				293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian	Carboniferous 5							298.9
		Kasimovian								Dorogomilovian		303.7
										Khamovnikian		304.8
										Krevyakinian		305.8 *
		Moscovian	Carboniferous 4							Myachkovian		307
										Podolskian		308.9 *
										Kashirian		311.4 *
										Vereian		313.8
										Melekessian		314.8
		Bashkirian								Melekessian		315.2
										Cheremshanian		316.9 *
										Prikamian		318.6 *
										Severokeltmian		319.9 *
										Krasnopolyanian		321.2 *
										Voznesenian		321.9 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Carboniferous 3				Zapaltjubian			323.2
							Protvian			324.4 *
							Steshevian			326.8 *
							Tarusian			329 *
		Visean	Carboniferous 2				Venevian			330.9
				Mikhailovian			331.9 *
				Aleksinian			333.7 *
				Tulian			335.8 *
				Bobrikian			339.9 *
				Radaevkian			343.4 *
		Tournaisian	Carboniferous 1	Kosvian			346.7
				Kizelian			350.7 *
				Cherepetian			351.9 *
				Karakubian			354.4 *
				Upinian			356.3 *
				Malevkian			357.6 *
				Gumerovian		358 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Devonian 5			Conewangan/Conneautan/Canadaway	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	Devonian 4			West Fallsian/Sonyean	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Devonian 3			Geneseean/Taghanican/Tioughniogan	Cazenovian			382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	Devonian 3			Southwoodian	Cazenovian			387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Devonian 2			Sawkillian/Deer Parkian	Helderbergian			393.3
		Pragian	Devonian 1							407.6
		Lochkovian	Devonian 1							410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		Silurian 2							419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian								423
	Ludlow	Gorstian								425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian								427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian								430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	Silurian 1							433.4
		Aeronian			438.5
		Rhuddanian			440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Harju		Porkuni			Ordovician 5	443.8
		Katian			Pirgu				445.2
					Vormsi				449.6 *
					Nabala				Johvi †	450 *
			Viru		Rakvere					450.6 *
					Oandu					452 *
		Sandbian			Keila			Idavere †	Ordovician 4	453
					Haljala					453.9
					Kukruse					456.4 *
					Uhaku			Aluoja †		457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian			Uhaku				Ordovician 3	458.4
					Lasnamagi					458.9 *
					Aseri					460.4 *
			Oeland		Kunda					462.9 *
					Kunda			Valaste †/Hunderum		464.3 *
					Volkhov					Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian			Volkhov				Ordovician 2		467.3
		Dapingian			Billingen						469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian									470
								Latorp †			470.1 *
					Hunneberg						473.7 *
		Tremadocian			Hunneberg				Ordovician 1		Ungurian	477.7
					Varangu							481.3 *
					Pakerort							482.2 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10			Pakerort				Cambrian 5		Batyrbaian	485.4
												486.3 *
												486.5
		Jiangshanian										489.5
											Aksaian	490.7 *
											Sakian	492.2 *
		Paibian									Sakian	494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian							Series 3 †		Cambrian 4	Ayusokkanian	497
		Guzhangian											499.5
		Drumian										Zhanaarykian	500.5
		Drumian										Tuesaian	503
		Wuliuan									Stage 5 †	Tuesaian	Cambrian 3	504.5
		Wuliuan									Stage 5 †			505.3
	Series 2	Stage 4												509
												Toyonian		510 *
												Botomian		512.5 *
		Stage 3										Botomian	Cambrian 2	514
		Stage 3										Atdabanian		515.6 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2										Tommotian		521
		Stage 2												525.5
		Fortunian											Cambrian 1	529
																538.8