PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
J. A. Lillegraven and M. C. McKenna. 1986. Fossil mammals from the "Mesaverde" Formation (Late Cretaceous, Judithian) of the Bighorn and Wind River basins, Wyoming, with definitions of Late Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal "Ages". American Museum Novitates 2840:1-68 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
A. G. Sennikov and V. K. Golubev. 2006. Vyazniki Biotic Assemblage of the Terminal Permian. Paleontological Journal 40(suppl. 4):S475-S481 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal Ages	Carbo-Permian of the Russian Platform	Devonian of Eastern North America		Permo-Triassic Subages of Eastern Europe	Carboniferous of North America	Permian Subages of Germany	Devonian of Czechoslovakia
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan				Wanganui	Haweran									0
		Northgrippian														0.0042
		Greenlandian														0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene														0.0117
		Chibanian														0.129
		Chibanian					Castlecliffian									0.34
		Calabrian					Castlecliffian									0.774
		Calabrian					Nukumaruan									1.63
		Gelasian					Nukumaruan									1.8
		Gelasian					Mangapanian									2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †				Mangapanian									2.58
		Piacenzian					Waipipian									3
		Zanclean					Waipipian									3.6
		Zanclean					Opoitian									3.7
	Miocene	Messinian				Taranaki	Kapitean									5.333
		Messinian					Tongaporutuan									7.2
		Tortonian					Tongaporutuan									7.246
		Tortonian				Southland	Waiauan									11.04
		Serravallian					Waiauan									11.63
		Serravallian					Lillburnian									13.05
		Langhian					Lillburnian									13.82
							Clifdenian									15.1
						Pareora	Altonian									15.9
		Burdigalian					Altonian									15.98
		Burdigalian					Otaian									18.7
		Aquitanian					Otaian									20.44
		Aquitanian				Landon	Waitakian									21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian					Waitakian									23.03
							Duntroonian									25.2
							Whaingaroan									27.3
		Rupelian														27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian														33.9
						Arnold	Runangan									34.6
							Kaiatan									36.7
		Bartonian					Kaiatan									37.71
		Bartonian					Bortonian									39.1
		Lutetian					Bortonian									41.2
						Dannevirke	Porangan									42.6
							Heretaungan									45.7
		Ypresian					Heretaungan									47.8
							Mangaorapan									48.9
							Waipawan									52
	Paleocene	Thanetian					Teurian									56
		Selandian														59.2
		Danian														61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian				Mata	Haumurian	Lancian/Edmontonian								66
		Campanian					Haumurian	Judithian/Aquilan								72.1
		Santonian					Piripauan									83.6
		Santonian				Raukumara	Teratan									86.1
		Coniacian														86.3
		Turonian														89.8
							Mangaotanean									90.5
							Arowhanan									93.7
		Cenomanian					Arowhanan									93.9
						Clarence	Ngaterian									95.2
							Motuan									99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian					Motuan									100.5
							Urutawan									103.3
						Taitai	Korangan									108.4
		Aptian					Korangan									113
		Aptian														117.5
		Barremian														121.4
		Hauterivian														125.77
		Valanginian														132.6
		Berriasian		139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian			145
		Kimmeridgian			149.2
		Oxfordian			154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian			161.5
		Bathonian			165.3
		Bajocian			168.2
		Aalenian			170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian			174.7
		Pliensbachian			184.2
		Sinemurian			192.9
		Hettangian			199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian			201.4
		Norian			208.5
		Carnian			227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian			237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian			242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian			Vokhmian	247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan			Vokhmian	251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian			Melekhovian				Buntsandstein	251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian				Longtanian †			Buntsandstein	Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian							Late Severodvinian/Early Severodvinian	Ohre/Aller	259.51
		Wordian							Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian	Leine	264.28
		Wordian			Noginskian				Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian	Leine	264.9 *
		Roadian							Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian		266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian									273.01
		Kungurian			Pavlovoposadian						276.8 *
		Artinskian			Pavlovoposadian						283.5
		Artinskian			Rusavkinian						287.6 *
		Sakmarian									290.1
		Asselian									Bursumian †	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian									Virgilian	298.9
		Kasimovian			Dorogomilovian						Missourian	303.7
					Khamovnikian							304.8
					Krevyakinian							305.8 *
					Krevyakinian						Desmoinesian	305.9 *
		Moscovian			Myachkovian							307
					Podolskian							308.9 *
					Kashirian							311.4 *
					Kashirian						Atokan	312.7 *
					Vereian							313.8
					Melekessian							314.8
		Bashkirian			Melekessian							315.2
					Cheremshanian							316.9 *
					Cheremshanian						Morrowan	318.4 *
			Prikamian		318.6 *
			Severokeltmian		319.9 *
			Krasnopolyanian		321.2 *
			Voznesenian		321.9 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Zapaltjubian		Chesterian			323.2
			Protvian					324.4 *
			Steshevian					326.8 *
			Tarusian					329 *
		Visean	Venevian					330.9
			Mikhailovian					331.9 *
			Aleksinian					333.7 *
			Tulian		Meramecian			335.8 *
			Bobrikian		Meramecian			339.9 *
			Bobrikian		Osagean			343.1 *
			Radaevkian					343.4 *
		Tournaisian	Kosvian				346.7
			Kizelian				350.7 *
			Cherepetian		Kinderhookian		351.9 *
			Karakubian				354.4 *
			Upinian				356.3 *
			Malevkian	357.6 *
			Gumerovian	358 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian		Conewangan/Conneautan/Canadaway			358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian		West Fallsian/Sonyean			372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian		Geneseean/Taghanican/Tioughniogan			Cazenovian	Srbsko			382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian		Southwoodian			Cazenovian	Chotec			387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian		Sawkillian/Deer Parkian			Helderbergian	Daleje/Zlichovian			393.3
		Pragian						Pragian			407.6
		Lochkovian						Lochkovian			410.8
Silurian	Pridoli										419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian									423
	Ludlow	Gorstian									425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian									427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian									430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian									433.4
		Aeronian									438.5
		Rhuddanian									440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian									Bolindian	Harju	Porkuni	443.8
		Katian									Bolindian		Pirgu	445.2
											Eastonian		Pirgu	449 *
						Vormsi							449.6 *
						Nabala							Johvi †	450 *
						Viru						Rakvere		450.6 *
										Gisbornian	Oandu	452 *
		Sandbian							Keila		Idavere †	453
									Haljala			453.9
									Kukruse			456.4 *
									Uhaku		Aluoja †	457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian							Uhaku	Darriwilian		458.4
									Lasnamagi			458.9 *
									Aseri			460.4 *
						Oeland			Kunda			462.9 *
									Kunda		Valaste †/Hunderum	464.3 *
									Volkhov			Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian								Yapeenian			467.3
										Castlemainian			468.5 *
									Billingen	Castlemainian			469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian								Chewtonian			470
										Chewtonian	Latorp †		470.1 *
										Bendigonian			471.8 *
										Lancefieldian			473.5 *
									Hunneberg				473.7 *
		Tremadocian							Hunneberg				477.7
									Varangu				481.3 *
									Pakerort				482.2 *
										Warendian			482.8 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10											485.4
													486.3 *
													486.5
		Jiangshanian											489.5
		Paibian											494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian											Series 3 †	497
		Drumian												500.5
		Wuliuan												Stage 5 †	504.5
																509