PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view
A. G. Sennikov and V. K. Golubev. 2006. Vyazniki Biotic Assemblage of the Terminal Permian. Paleontological Journal 40(suppl. 4):S475-S481 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Carboniferous Subepochs	Cambrian of North America		Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand		Ordovician of North America					Permian of North America		Silurian of the Baltic	Permo-Triassic Subages of Eastern Europe
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †																	2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean																		3.6
	Miocene	Messinian																		5.333
		Tortonian																		7.246
		Serravallian																		11.63
		Langhian																		13.82
		Burdigalian																		15.98
		Aquitanian																		20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																		23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian																		27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian																		33.9
		Bartonian																		37.71
		Lutetian																		41.2
		Ypresian																		47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian																		56
		Selandian																		59.2
		Danian																		61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																		66
		Campanian																		72.1
		Santonian																		83.6
		Coniacian																		86.3
		Turonian																		89.8
		Cenomanian																		93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																		100.5
		Aptian																		113
		Barremian																		121.4
		Hauterivian																		125.77
		Valanginian																		132.6
		Berriasian																		139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian							Oteke	Puaroan										145
		Kimmeridgian							Oteke	Puaroan										149.2
									Kawhia	Ohauan										150
										Heterian										154.5
		Oxfordian																		154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																		161.5
		Callovian								Temaikan										164.3
		Bathonian																		165.3
		Bajocian																		168.2
		Aalenian																		170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian																		174.7
		Toarcian							Herangi	Ururoan										176
		Pliensbachian								Ururoan										184.2
		Pliensbachian								Aratauran										188.9
		Sinemurian																		192.9
		Hettangian																		199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian							Balfour	Otapirian										201.4
		Norian								Warepan										208.5
										Otamitan										217
										Oretian										221
		Carnian								Oretian										227
		Carnian							Gore	Kaihikuan										227.5
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian								Kaihikuan										237
		Ladinian								Etalian										238
		Anisian								Etalian										242
		Anisian								Malakovian										246
	Early Triassic	Olenekian								Malakovian									Vokhmian	247.2
		Olenekian								Nelsonian										249
		Induan								Nelsonian										251.2
		Induan							DUrville	Makarewan										251.5
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian								Makarewan										251.902
		Changhsingian								Waiitian										253.2
		Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †						Waiitian									Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian	254.14
		Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †						Puruhauan									Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian	254.2
	Guadalupian	Capitanian							Aparima	Flettian						Capitanian			Late Severodvinian/Early Severodvinian	259.51
		Wordian			Wordian	Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian	264.28			Flettian
		Wordian			Wordian	Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian	Barettian	266
		Roadian			Roadian	Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian		266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian			Leonardian	Cathedralian				273.01
						Cathedralian	Mangapirian			276
						Hessian				281.9 *
		Artinskian								283.5
							Telfordian			285
					Wolfcampian	Lenoxian	Telfordian			286.1 *
										288.5
		Sakmarian								290.1
		Asselian				Nealian				293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian			Late Pennsylvanian						Mapingian †	298.9
		Kasimovian									Mapingian †	303.7
		Kasimovian										305.9
		Moscovian			Middle Pennsylvanian							307
		Bashkirian			Early Pennsylvanian							315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Late Mississippian		323.2
		Visean	Middle Mississippian		330.9
		Tournaisian	Early Mississippian		346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian			358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian			372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian			382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian			387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian			393.3
		Pragian			407.6
		Lochkovian			410.8
Silurian	Pridoli				Ohesaare							419.2
	Pridoli				Kaugetuma							421.7 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian			Kuressaare							423
		Ludfordian			Paadla							423.4 *
		Gorstian			Paadla							425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian			Rootsikula							427.4
		Homerian			Jaagarahu							429.2 *
		Sheinwoodian			Jaagarahu							430.5
		Sheinwoodian			Jaani							431.8 *
	Llandovery	Telychian			Jaani							433.4
		Telychian			Adavere							434 *
		Aeronian			Adavere							438.5
		Aeronian			Raikkula							439.4 *
		Rhuddanian			Raikkula							440.8
		Rhuddanian			Juuru							441.4 *
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian			Cincinnatian							Gamachian	443.8
		Katian										Gamachian	445.2
												Richmondian	446 *
												Maysvillian	Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
												Edenian		450.4 *
					Mohawkian							Chatfieldian		451.1 *
		Sandbian										Chatfieldian		453
												Turinian		453.7 *
					Whiterockian								Canadian †	Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian													458.4
		Dapingian													467.3
		Dapingian										Rangerian			469.1 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian			Ibexian							Blackhillsian		Jeffersonian †	Cassinian †	470
		Floian										Tulean				473.9 *
		Tremadocian										Tulean				477.7
												Stairsian				480.3 *
												Skullrockian			Demingian †	482 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10										Skullrockian	Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan				485.4
		Stage 10			Sunwaptan													487.5
		Jiangshanian			Sunwaptan													489.5
		Jiangshanian			Steptoean													493 *
		Paibian		494	Steptoean
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian		Series 3 †	Marjumian								Albertian †					497
		Drumian			Marjumian													500.5
		Wuliuan			Stage 5 †													Topazan	504.5
		Wuliuan			Stage 5 †			Delamaran										506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4						Delamaran					Waucoban †					509
		Stage 4						Dyeran										511 *
		Stage 3						Dyeran										514
								Montezuman										514.8 *
								Begadean										519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2					521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian					529
																				538.8