PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
A. G. Sennikov and V. K. Golubev. 2006. Vyazniki Biotic Assemblage of the Terminal Permian. Paleontological Journal 40(suppl. 4):S475-S481 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. Meng and M. C. McKenna. 1998. Faunal turnovers of Paleogene mammals from the Mongolian Plateau. Nature 394:364-367 view
D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Carboniferous Subepochs	Permo-Triassic Subages of Eastern Europe	Ordovician of Ibero-Bohemia				Paleogene Mammal Ages of Asia		Permian of the Russian Platform		Cambrian of Siberia			Cretaceous Subepochs
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †																	2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean																		3.6
	Miocene	Messinian																		5.333
		Tortonian																		7.246
		Serravallian																		11.63
		Langhian																		13.82
		Burdigalian																		15.98
		Aquitanian																		20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian										Tabenbulakian	Hsandagolian							23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian										Kekeamuan	Hsandagolian							27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian										Houldjinian/Ergilian/Ulangochuian								33.9
		Bartonian										Sharamurunian/Irdinmanhan/Arshantan								37.71
		Lutetian																		41.2
		Ypresian											Bumbanian							47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian										Gashatan								56
		Selandian																		59.2
		Danian																		61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																	Senonian	66
		Campanian																		72.1
		Santonian																		83.6
		Coniacian																		86.3
		Turonian																		89.8
		Cenomanian																		93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																	Gallic	100.5
		Aptian																		113
		Barremian																		121.4
		Hauterivian																	Neocomian	125.77
		Valanginian																		132.6
		Berriasian																		139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian																		145
		Kimmeridgian																		149.2
		Oxfordian																		154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																		161.5
		Bathonian																		165.3
		Bajocian																		168.2
		Aalenian																		170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian																		174.7
		Pliensbachian																		184.2
		Sinemurian																		192.9
		Hettangian																		199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian																		201.4
		Norian																		208.5
		Carnian																		227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian																		237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian																		242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian					Vokhmian													247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan					Vokhmian													251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian																		251.902
		Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †			Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian													254.14
		Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †			Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian							Tatarian	Vyatkian					256.8 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian					Late Severodvinian/Early Severodvinian								Severodvinian					259.51
		Wordian					Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian								Urzhumian					264.28
		Roadian					Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian							Kazanian	Povolzhian					266.9
		Roadian					Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian							Kazanian	Sokian					270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian												Kungurian	Irenian/Ufimian					273.01
															Filipovian					276.5 *
															Saraninian					280.1 *
		Artinskian												Artinskian	Sarginian					283.5
															Irginian					285.9 *
															Burtsevian					287.8 *
		Sakmarian												Sakmarian	Sterlitamakian					290.1
		Sakmarian												Sakmarian	Tastubian					291.7 *
		Asselian												Asselian	Shikhanian					293.52
															Uskalykian					294.8
					Surenian	297.5
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian			Late Pennsylvanian				298.9
		Kasimovian			Late Pennsylvanian				303.7
		Moscovian			Middle Pennsylvanian				307
		Bashkirian			Early Pennsylvanian				315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian			Late Mississippian				323.2
		Visean			Middle Mississippian				330.9
		Tournaisian			Early Mississippian				346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian							358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian							372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian							382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian							387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian							393.3
		Pragian							407.6
		Lochkovian							410.8
Silurian	Pridoli								419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian							423
	Ludlow	Gorstian	425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian	430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	433.4
		Aeronian	438.5
		Rhuddanian	440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Kosovian						Ashgill	Hirnantian	443.8
		Katian	Kralodvorian							Bohdalec †	Rawtheyan	445.2
											Cautleyan	448.9 *
											Pusgillian	449.3 *
									Caradoc		Streffordian	Onnian †	449.6 *
			Berounian								Streffordian		449.7 *
											Cheneyan		451.5 *
											Burrellian		452.7 *
		Sandbian											453
												Actonian †	453.2 *
												Marshbrookian †	Woolstonian †	454.2 *
												Longvillian †		455.2 *
														Zahorany †/Vinice	Letna †	456.2 *
											Aurelucian					456.8 *
												Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian				457.4 *
										Liben †		Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian				458 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian							Llanvirn		Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn					458.4
			Dobrotivian													458.5 *
			Oretanian													459.7 *
											Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn					461.3 *
										Sarka †						461.7 *
		Dapingian								Klabava †						467.3
			Arenigian													468
									Arenig		Fennian					468.4 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian									Fennian					470
											Whitlandian					471.1 *
											Moridunian					474.3 *
		Tremadocian	Tremadocian						Tremadoc	Migneintian	477.7
										Cressagian	480.8 *
										Cressagian	Mansian †					483.55 *
											Mansian †					485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10					Batyrbaian				Tavgian †					Ketyan †/Yurakian	485.4
		Jiangshanian					Batyrbaian										489.5
							Aksaian										490.7 *
							Sakian										492.2 *
		Paibian															494
		Paibian														Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian	494.7 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian					Series 3 †				Ayusokkanian							497
		Guzhangian									Mayan/Menevian							499.5
		Drumian									Mayan/Menevian							500.5
		Wuliuan									Stage 5 †							Amgan/Solvan	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4																Amgan/Solvan	509
						Toyonian		Lenian †								510 *
						Botomian										512.5 *
		Stage 3				Botomian										514
		Stage 3				Atdabanian										515.6 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2				Tommotian										521
		Stage 2				Nemakit-Daldynian										525.5
		Fortunian				Nemakit-Daldynian		Manykaian †								529
																				538.8