PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Cretaceous Subepochs	Devonian Subages	Ammonite Chrons of North America			Carboniferous of Western Europe		Permian of Western Europe	Permian Subages of Germany
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †												2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean													3.6
	Miocene	Messinian													5.333
		Tortonian													7.246
		Serravallian													11.63
		Langhian													13.82
		Burdigalian													15.98
		Aquitanian													20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian													23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian													27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian													33.9
		Bartonian													37.71
		Lutetian													41.2
		Ypresian													47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian													56
		Selandian													59.2
		Danian													61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian				Senonian									66
		Campanian													72.1
		Santonian													83.6
		Coniacian													86.3
		Turonian													89.8
		Cenomanian													93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian				Gallic									100.5
		Aptian													113
		Barremian													121.4
		Hauterivian				Neocomian									125.77
		Valanginian													132.6
		Berriasian													139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian													145
		Kimmeridgian													149.2
		Oxfordian													154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian													161.5
		Bathonian													165.3
		Bajocian						Epizigzagiceras							168.2
		Bajocian						Rotundum/Oblatum/Kirschneri/Crassicostatus/Widebayense							168.4
		Aalenian						Howelli/Scissum/Westermanni							170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian						Yakounensis/Hillebrandti/Crassicosta							174.7
								Planulata							179.3 *
								Planulata		Arnioceras arnouldi					179.8 *
								Kanense							181.3 *
								Carlottense							182.3 *
								Kunae							183.5 *
		Pliensbachian						Kunae							184.2
								Freboldi							185.1 *
								Whiteavesi/Imlayi	Tetraspidoceras						186.2 *
									Tetraspidoceras						189.2 *
								Plesechioceras harbledownense/Asteroceras varians/Coroniceras	Canadensis						190.3 *
		Sinemurian													192.9
								Pseudaetomoceras		Psiloceras					196.4 *
								Franziceras/Euphyllites							196.5 *
		Hettangian						Franziceras/Euphyllites							199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian													201.4
		Norian													208.5
		Carnian													227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian													237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian													242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian													247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan													251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian												Buntsandstein	251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †									Zechstein	Buntsandstein	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian											Rotliegendes	Ohre/Aller	259.51
		Wordian												Leine	264.28
		Roadian													266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian			273.01
		Artinskian			Autunian		283.5
		Sakmarian					290.1
		Asselian					293.52
		Asselian					Kuzel				297.7
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian					Kuzel				298.9
							Stephanian				Stephanian C	300.3 *
											Stephanian B	300.9 *
											Stephanian A	301.4 *
		Kasimovian									Stephanian A	303.7
		Kasimovian									Cantabrian	305 *
		Moscovian									Cantabrian	307
							Westphalian				Westphalian D	307.4 *
											Westphalian C	309.8
											Westphalian B	314.6
		Bashkirian									Westphalian B	315.2
											Westphalian A	317 *
			Namurian				Yeadonian				318.8 *
							Marsdenian				320.2 *
							Kinderscoutian				321.5 *
							Alportian				322 *
							Chokierian				323.1 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian					Chokierian				323.2
							Arnsbergian				324 *
							Pendleian				327.4 *
		Visean	Warnantian				Brigantian †				330.9
			Livian				Asbian †				336.3 *
			Moliniacian				Holkerian †/Arundian/Chadian				340.2 *
		Tournaisian	Ivorian								346.7
		Tournaisian	Hastarian			353.7 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Late Famennian								358.9
			Middle Famennian								365.3 *
			Early Famennian								368.5 *
		Frasnian	Late Frasnian								372.2
			Middle Frasnian								375.4 *
			Early Frasnian								379.3 *
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Late Givetian								382.7
			Middle Givetian								383.7 *
			Early Givetian								385.9 *
		Eifelian	Late Eifelian								387.7
		Eifelian	Early Eifelian								390.3 *
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Late Emsian								393.3
		Emsian	Early Emsian								398.3 *
		Pragian	Pragian								407.6
		Lochkovian	Late Lochkovian								410.8
			Middle Lochkovian								412.8 *
			Early Lochkovian								415.6 *
Silurian	Pridoli										419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian									423
	Ludlow	Gorstian									425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian							427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian							430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian						433.4
		Aeronian						438.5
		Rhuddanian						440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian						443.8
		Katian						445.2
		Sandbian						453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian						458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian						467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian						470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian		477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10		485.4
		Jiangshanian		489.5
		Paibian		494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian		Series 3 †				497
		Drumian						500.5
		Wuliuan						Stage 5 †	504.5
															509