PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
M. O. Woodburne. 1987. A prospectus of the North American Mammal Ages. In: Woodburne, M. O. (ed.), Cenozoic Mammals of North America. University of California Press, Berkelery, CA 285-290 view
J. Alroy. 2000. New methods for quantifying macroevolutionary patterns and processes. Paleobiology 26(4):707-733 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Cenozoic Subepochs	North American Mammal Subages/Zones			Silurian of England		Cambrian Epochs	Ordovician of China			Carboniferous of North America	Permian of the Salt Range
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene				Late Pleistocene	Sheridanian											0.0117
		Chibanian				Middle Pleistocene	Sheridanian											0.129
		Chibanian				Middle Pleistocene	Cudahyan/Sappan											0.21
		Calabrian				Early Pleistocene	Cudahyan/Sappan											0.774
		Calabrian					Senecan/Rexroadian											1.4
		Gelasian																1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †			Late Pliocene												2.58
		Zanclean				Early Pliocene												3.6
		Zanclean				Early Pliocene	Late Hemphillian/late Early Hemphillian/early Early Hemphillian											4.7
	Miocene	Messinian				Late Miocene												5.333
		Tortonian																7.246
		Tortonian					Late Clarendonian/Early Clarendonian											9.4
		Serravallian				Middle Miocene	Late Clarendonian/Early Clarendonian											11.63
		Serravallian					late Late Barstovian/early Late Barstovian/Early Barstovian											12.5
		Langhian																13.82
		Burdigalian				Early Miocene												15.98
							Late Hemingfordian/Early Hemingfordian											16.3
							late Late Arikareean/early Late Arikareean/late Early Arikareean/early Early Arikareean	Harrisonian										18.5
		Aquitanian																20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian				Late Oligocene												23.03
								Monroecreekian										23.1 *
								Geringian										24.7 *
		Rupelian				Early Oligocene		Geringian										27.82
		Rupelian				Early Oligocene												29.5
	Eocene	Priabonian				Late Eocene	Late Chadronian/Middle Chadronian/Early Chadronian											33.9
		Priabonian				Late Eocene												37
		Bartonian				Middle Eocene												37.71
		Bartonian					Late Uintan/Early Uintan											39.7
		Lutetian					Late Uintan/Early Uintan											41.2
		Lutetian					Twinbuttean/Blacksforkian/Gardnerbuttian											46.2
		Ypresian				Early Eocene	Twinbuttean/Blacksforkian/Gardnerbuttian											47.8
							Lostcabinian/Lysitean/Graybullian/Sandcouleean											50.5
									Cf3/Cf2/Cf1									54.9
	Paleocene	Thanetian				Late Paleocene			Cf3/Cf2/Cf1									56
		Thanetian				Late Paleocene			Ti6/Ti5/Ti4/Ti3/Ti2/Ti1									56.2
		Selandian				Middle Paleocene			Ti6/Ti5/Ti4/Ti3/Ti2/Ti1									59.2
		Selandian				Middle Paleocene			To3/To2/To1									60.9
		Danian				Early Paleocene			To3/To2/To1									61.6
		Danian				Early Paleocene			Pu3/Pu2/Pu1									63.8
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																66
		Campanian																72.1
		Santonian																83.6
		Coniacian																86.3
		Turonian																89.8
		Cenomanian																93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																100.5
		Aptian																113
		Barremian																121.4
		Hauterivian																125.77
		Valanginian																132.6
		Berriasian																139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian																145
		Kimmeridgian																149.2
		Oxfordian																154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																161.5
		Bathonian																165.3
		Bajocian																168.2
		Aalenian																170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian																174.7
		Pliensbachian																184.2
		Sinemurian																192.9
		Hettangian																199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian																201.4
		Norian																208.5
		Carnian		227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian		242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		247.2
		Induan		251.2
		Induan		Kathwai	251.5 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Kathwai	251.902
					252.4 *
				Chhidru	252.9 *
		Wuchiapingian		Chhidru	Longtanian †					254.14
				Kalabagh						255 *
				Wargal						256 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian								259.51
		Wordian								264.28
										265.3 *
				Amb						266.1 *
		Roadian		Amb						266.9
		Roadian								270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian								273.01
		Artinskian								283.5
		Sakmarian								290.1
		Asselian								Bursumian †	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian								Virgilian	298.9
		Kasimovian						Missourian		303.7
		Kasimovian						Desmoinesian		305.9 *
		Moscovian						Desmoinesian		307
		Moscovian						Atokan		312.7 *
		Bashkirian						Atokan		315.2
		Bashkirian						Morrowan		318.4 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian						Chesterian		323.2
		Visean						Chesterian		330.9
								Meramecian		335.8 *
							Osagean	343.1 *
		Tournaisian					Osagean	346.7
		Tournaisian					Kinderhookian	351.9 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian						358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian						372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian						382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian						387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	393.3
		Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle			Whitcliffe/Leintwardine		419.2
	Pridoli		Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle			Bringewood/Elton		421.3
	Ludlow	Ludfordian	Coalbrookdale			Wenlock (England)/Tickwood		423
		Gorstian						425.6
		Gorstian				Buildwas		426.4 *
	Wenlock	Homerian				Buildwas		427.4
		Homerian	Wych			Woolhope		428.4 *
		Sheinwoodian						430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian						433.4
		Telychian						436.3 *
		Aeronian						438.5
		Aeronian	Cowleigh Park					439.3 *
		Rhuddanian	Cowleigh Park					440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian						Hirnantian	Xiaoxita †/Shikou	Wufeng †	Cincinnatian	Gamachian	443.8
		Katian						Chientangkiangian				Gamachian	445.2
								Chientangkiangian				Richmondian	446 *
								Neichianshanian/Hanjiang				Richmondian	449.5
												Maysvillian	Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
												Edenian		450.4 *
											Mohawkian	Chatfieldian		451.1 *
		Sandbian										Chatfieldian		453
												Turinian		453.7 *
											Whiterockian		Canadian †	Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian						Darriwilian	Guniu †/Hulo						458.4
		Darriwilian						Darriwilian	Hunjiang †	Dawan †/Daobaowan/Ningkuo					466.3 *
		Dapingian						Dapingian							467.3
		Dapingian						Dapingian				Rangerian			469.1 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian						Yiyangian			Ibexian	Blackhillsian		Jeffersonian †	Cassinian †	470
		Floian						Yiyangian				Tulean				473.9 *
		Tremadocian						Xinchangian								477.7
										Lianghekou †						477.9 *
												Stairsian				480.3 *
												Skullrockian			Demingian †	482 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10						Late Cambrian				Skullrockian					485.4
		Stage 10										487.5
		Jiangshanian										489.5
		Paibian										494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian						Series 3 †				Middle Cambrian					497
		Drumian															500.5
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †													504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4										Early Cambrian					509
	Series 2	Stage 3															514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2															521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian															529
																		538.8