PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
J. Meng and M. C. McKenna. 1998. Faunal turnovers of Paleogene mammals from the Mongolian Plateau. Nature 394:364-367 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Cenozoic Subepochs	Paleogene Mammal Ages of Asia		Permian of the Russian Platform		Cambrian of Siberia			Cretaceous Subepochs
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene				Late Pleistocene									0.0117
		Chibanian				Middle Pleistocene									0.129
		Calabrian				Early Pleistocene									0.774
		Gelasian				Early Pleistocene									1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †			Late Pliocene									2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean				Early Pliocene									3.6
	Miocene	Messinian				Late Miocene									5.333
		Tortonian				Late Miocene									7.246
		Serravallian				Middle Miocene									11.63
		Langhian				Middle Miocene									13.82
		Burdigalian				Early Miocene									15.98
		Aquitanian				Early Miocene									20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian				Late Oligocene	Tabenbulakian	Hsandagolian							23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian				Early Oligocene	Kekeamuan	Hsandagolian							27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian				Late Eocene	Houldjinian/Ergilian/Ulangochuian								33.9
		Bartonian				Middle Eocene	Sharamurunian/Irdinmanhan/Arshantan								37.71
		Lutetian				Middle Eocene									41.2
		Ypresian				Early Eocene		Bumbanian							47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian				Late Paleocene	Gashatan								56
		Selandian				Middle Paleocene									59.2
		Danian				Early Paleocene									61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian												Senonian	66
		Campanian													72.1
		Santonian													83.6
		Coniacian													86.3
		Turonian													89.8
		Cenomanian													93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian												Gallic	100.5
		Aptian													113
		Barremian													121.4
		Hauterivian												Neocomian	125.77
		Valanginian													132.6
		Berriasian													139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian													145
		Kimmeridgian													149.2
		Oxfordian													154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian													161.5
		Bathonian													165.3
		Bajocian													168.2
		Aalenian													170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian													174.7
		Pliensbachian													184.2
		Sinemurian													192.9
		Hettangian													199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian													201.4
		Norian													208.5
		Carnian													227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian													237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian													242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian													247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan													251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian													251.902
		Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †											254.14
		Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †					Tatarian	Vyatkian					256.8 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian								Severodvinian					259.51
		Wordian								Urzhumian					264.28
		Roadian							Kazanian	Povolzhian					266.9
		Roadian							Kazanian	Sokian					270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian							Kungurian	Irenian/Ufimian					273.01
										Filipovian					276.5 *
										Saraninian					280.1 *
		Artinskian							Artinskian	Sarginian					283.5
										Irginian					285.9 *
										Burtsevian					287.8 *
		Sakmarian			Sakmarian				Sterlitamakian	290.1
		Sakmarian			Sakmarian				Tastubian	291.7 *
		Asselian			Asselian				Shikhanian	293.52
									Uskalykian	294.8
									Surenian	297.5
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian								298.9
		Kasimovian								303.7
		Moscovian								307
		Bashkirian								315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian								323.2
		Visean								330.9
		Tournaisian								346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian								358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian								372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian								382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian								387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian								393.3
		Pragian								407.6
		Lochkovian						410.8
Silurian	Pridoli						419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian					423
	Ludlow	Gorstian	425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian	430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	433.4
		Aeronian	438.5
		Rhuddanian	440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Ashgill			Hirnantian	443.8
		Katian				Rawtheyan	445.2
						Cautleyan	448.9 *
						Pusgillian	449.3 *
			Caradoc			Streffordian	Onnian †	449.6 *
						Cheneyan		451.5 *
						Burrellian		452.7 *
		Sandbian						453
							Actonian †	453.2 *
							Marshbrookian †	Woolstonian †		454.2 *
							Longvillian †			455.2 *
						Aurelucian	Longvillian †			456.8 *
						Aurelucian	Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian			457.4 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Llanvirn			Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn				458.4
		Darriwilian				Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn				461.3 *
		Dapingian				Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn				467.3
		Dapingian	Arenig			Fennian				468.4 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian				Fennian				470
						Whitlandian				471.1 *
						Moridunian				474.3 *
		Tremadocian	Tremadoc			Migneintian				477.7
						Cressagian				480.8 *
						Cressagian				Mansian †	483.55 *
										Mansian †	485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10								Batyrbaian	Tavgian †	Ketyan †/Yurakian	485.4
		Jiangshanian								Batyrbaian			489.5
										Aksaian			490.7 *
				Sakian						492.2 *
		Paibian								494
		Paibian								Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian		494.7 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian		Series 3 †						Ayusokkanian			497
		Guzhangian								Mayan/Menevian			499.5
		Drumian								Mayan/Menevian			500.5
		Wuliuan								Stage 5 †			Amgan/Solvan	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4											Amgan/Solvan	509
											Toyonian		Lenian †	510 *
											Botomian			512.5 *
		Stage 3									Botomian			514
		Stage 3									Atdabanian			515.6 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2									Tommotian			521
		Stage 2									Nemakit-Daldynian			525.5
		Fortunian									Nemakit-Daldynian		Manykaian †	529
															538.8