PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. J. Prevosti, C. O. Romano, A. M. Forasiepi, S. Hemming, R. Bonini, A. M. Candela, E. Cerdeño, M. C. Madozzo Jaén, P. E. Ortiz, F. Pujos, L. Rasia, G. I. Schmidt, M. Taglioretti, R. D. E. MacPhee, and U. F. J. Pardiñas. 2021. New radiometric 40Ar–39Ar dates and faunistic analyses refine evolutionary dynamics of Neogene vertebrate assemblages in southern South America. Scientific Reports 2021(11):9830 view
J. J. Flynn and C. C. Swisher, III. 1995. Cenozoic South American Land Mammal Ages: correlation to global geochronology. Geochronology Time Scales and Global Stratigraphic Correlation, SEPM Special Publication 54:317-333 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Cenozoic Subepochs	Devonian Subages	South American Land Mammal Ages		Carboniferous of China	Ammonite Chrons of North America			Ordovician of Ibero-Bohemia
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene				Late Pleistocene		Lujanian									0.0117
		Chibanian				Middle Pleistocene		Lujanian									0.129
		Chibanian				Middle Pleistocene		Ensenadan									0.3 *
		Calabrian				Early Pleistocene		Ensenadan									0.774
		Calabrian						Sanandresian	Uquian †								1.7 *
		Gelasian						Sanandresian									1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †			Late Pliocene		Vorohuean									2.58
		Piacenzian				Late Pliocene		Chapadmalalan									2.9 *
		Zanclean				Early Pliocene		Chapadmalalan									3.6
								Montehermosan									3.7 *
								Huayquerian									4.9 *
	Miocene	Messinian				Late Miocene											5.333
		Tortonian															7.246
								Chasicoan									7.9 *
								Mayoan									9.9 *
								Laventan									10.9 *
		Serravallian				Middle Miocene		Laventan									11.63
		Serravallian						Colloncuran									13.7 *
		Langhian						Colloncuran									13.82
		Langhian						Friasian									15.4 *
		Burdigalian				Early Miocene		Friasian									15.98
								Santacrucian									16.2 *
								Colhuehuapian									17.4 *
		Aquitanian						Colhuehuapian									20.44
		Aquitanian						Deseadan									20.9 *
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian				Late Oligocene											23.03
		Rupelian				Early Oligocene											27.82
		Rupelian				Early Oligocene		Tinguirirican									28.9 *
	Eocene	Priabonian				Late Eocene		Tinguirirican									33.9
		Priabonian				Late Eocene		Divisaderan									35.9 *
		Bartonian				Middle Eocene											37.71
		Lutetian															41.2
		Lutetian						Mustersan									41.9 *
		Ypresian				Early Eocene		Mustersan									47.8
		Ypresian				Early Eocene		Casamayoran									47.9 *
	Paleocene	Thanetian				Late Paleocene		Riochican									56
								Itaboraian									56.9 *
								Peligran									58.9 *
		Selandian				Middle Paleocene											59.2
		Danian				Early Paleocene											61.6
		Danian				Early Paleocene		Tiupampan									62.4 *
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian															66
		Campanian															72.1
		Santonian															83.6
		Coniacian															86.3
		Turonian															89.8
		Cenomanian															93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian															100.5
		Aptian															113
		Barremian															121.4
		Hauterivian															125.77
		Valanginian															132.6
		Berriasian															139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian															145
		Kimmeridgian															149.2
		Oxfordian															154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian															161.5
		Bathonian															165.3
		Bajocian									Epizigzagiceras						168.2
		Bajocian									Rotundum/Oblatum/Kirschneri/Crassicostatus/Widebayense						168.4
		Aalenian									Howelli/Scissum/Westermanni						170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian									Yakounensis/Hillebrandti/Crassicosta						174.7
											Planulata						179.3 *
											Planulata		Arnioceras arnouldi				179.8 *
				Kanense	181.3 *
				Carlottense	182.3 *
				Kunae	183.5 *
		Pliensbachian		Kunae	184.2
				Freboldi	185.1 *
				Whiteavesi/Imlayi	Tetraspidoceras		186.2 *
					Tetraspidoceras		189.2 *
				Plesechioceras harbledownense/Asteroceras varians/Coroniceras	Canadensis		190.3 *
		Sinemurian					192.9
				Pseudaetomoceras			Psiloceras		196.4 *
				Franziceras/Euphyllites					196.5 *
		Hettangian		Franziceras/Euphyllites					199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian							201.4
		Norian							208.5
		Carnian							227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian							237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian							242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian							247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan							251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian							251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian							Longtanian †	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian								259.51
		Wordian								264.28
		Roadian								266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian								273.01
		Artinskian								283.5
		Sakmarian								290.1
		Asselian								293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian								Mapingian †	298.9
		Gzhelian									Xiaodushanian	300 *
		Kasimovian									Xiaodushanian	303.7
											Dalaun	305.8 *
												305.9
		Moscovian										307
		Bashkirian										315.2
											Huashibanian	318.5 *
											Lousuan	321.2 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian									Dewunian	323.2
		Serpukhovian									Shangsian	330.8 *
		Visean									Shangsian	330.9
		Visean									Jiusian	335 *
		Tournaisian	Tangbagouan			346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Late Famennian					358.9
			Middle Famennian					365.3 *
			Early Famennian					368.5 *
		Frasnian	Late Frasnian					372.2
			Middle Frasnian					375.4 *
			Early Frasnian					379.3 *
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Late Givetian					382.7
			Middle Givetian					383.7 *
			Early Givetian					385.9 *
		Eifelian	Late Eifelian					387.7
		Eifelian	Early Eifelian					390.3 *
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Late Emsian					393.3
		Emsian	Early Emsian					398.3 *
		Pragian	Pragian					407.6
		Lochkovian	Late Lochkovian					410.8
			Middle Lochkovian					412.8 *
			Early Lochkovian					415.6 *
Silurian	Pridoli							419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian						423
	Ludlow	Gorstian						425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian						427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian						430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian						433.4
		Aeronian						438.5
		Rhuddanian						440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian						Kosovian			Cincinnatian	Gamachian	443.8
		Katian						Kralodvorian				Gamachian	Bohdalec †	445.2
								Kralodvorian				Richmondian		446 *
								Berounian				Richmondian		449.7 *
												Maysvillian		Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
												Edenian			450.4 *
											Mohawkian	Chatfieldian			451.1 *
		Sandbian			453							Chatfieldian
					Turinian							453.7 *
				Zahorany †/Vinice	Turinian		Letna †					456.2 *
				Zahorany †/Vinice	Whiterockian							Canadian †		Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
				Liben †											458 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian													458.4
								Dobrotivian							458.5 *
								Oretanian							459.7 *
				Sarka †											461.7 *
		Dapingian		Klabava †											467.3
								Arenigian							468
									Rangerian		469.1 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian			Ibexian				Blackhillsian		Jeffersonian †			Cassinian †	470
		Floian							Tulean						473.9 *
		Tremadocian		Tremadocian					Tulean						477.7
									Stairsian						480.3 *
									Skullrockian					Demingian †	482 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10							Skullrockian						485.4
		Stage 10													487.5
		Jiangshanian													489.5
		Paibian													494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian													Series 3 †	497
		Drumian								500.5
		Wuliuan								Stage 5 †						504.5
																	509