PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
A. D. Barnosky, M. Holmes, R. Kirchholtes, E. Lindsey, K.C. Maguire, A.W. Poust, M.A. Stegner, J. Sunseri, B. Swartz, J. Swift, N.A. Villavicencio and G. Wogan. 2014. Prelude to the Anthropocene: Two new North American Land Mammal Ages (NALMAs). The Anthropocene Review I(3):225-242 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Cenozoic Subepochs	Devonian Subages	North American Land Mammal Ages	Carboniferous of China	Permian of the Salt Range	Ordovician of Ibero-Bohemia				Ordovician of North America
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan						Saintaugustinean									0
		Meghalayan						Santarosean									0.0004
		Northgrippian															0.0042
		Greenlandian															0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene				Late Pleistocene											0.0117
		Late Pleistocene				Late Pleistocene		Rancholabrean									0.014
		Chibanian				Middle Pleistocene		Rancholabrean									0.129
		Chibanian				Middle Pleistocene		Irvingtonian									0.21
		Calabrian				Early Pleistocene		Irvingtonian									0.774
		Calabrian						Blancan									1.4
		Gelasian															1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †			Late Pliocene											2.58
		Zanclean				Early Pliocene											3.6
		Zanclean				Early Pliocene		Hemphillian									4.7
	Miocene	Messinian				Late Miocene											5.333
		Tortonian															7.246
		Tortonian						Clarendonian									9.4
		Serravallian				Middle Miocene		Clarendonian									11.63
		Serravallian						Barstovian									12.5
		Langhian															13.82
		Burdigalian				Early Miocene											15.98
								Hemingfordian									16.3
								Arikareean									18.5
		Aquitanian															20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian				Late Oligocene											23.03
		Rupelian				Early Oligocene											27.82
								Whitneyan									29.5
								Orellan									31.8
	Eocene	Priabonian				Late Eocene		Chadronian									33.9
		Priabonian				Late Eocene		Duchesnean									37
		Bartonian				Middle Eocene		Duchesnean									37.71
		Bartonian						Uintan									39.7
		Lutetian						Uintan									41.2
		Lutetian						Bridgerian									46.2
		Ypresian				Early Eocene		Bridgerian									47.8
								Wasatchian									50.5
								Clarkforkian									54.9
	Paleocene	Thanetian				Late Paleocene		Clarkforkian									56
		Thanetian				Late Paleocene		Tiffanian									56.2
		Selandian				Middle Paleocene		Tiffanian									59.2
		Selandian				Middle Paleocene		Torrejonian									60.9
		Danian				Early Paleocene		Torrejonian									61.6
		Danian				Early Paleocene		Puercan									63.8
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian															66
		Campanian															72.1
		Santonian															83.6
		Coniacian															86.3
		Turonian															89.8
		Cenomanian															93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian															100.5
		Aptian															113
		Barremian															121.4
		Hauterivian															125.77
		Valanginian															132.6
		Berriasian															139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian															145
		Kimmeridgian															149.2
		Oxfordian															154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian															161.5
		Bathonian															165.3
		Bajocian															168.2
		Aalenian															170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian															174.7
		Pliensbachian															184.2
		Sinemurian		192.9
		Hettangian		199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian		201.4
		Norian		208.5
		Carnian		227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian		242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		247.2
		Induan		251.2
		Induan		Kathwai	251.5 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Kathwai	251.902
					252.4 *
				Chhidru	252.9 *
		Wuchiapingian		Chhidru	Longtanian †		254.14
				Kalabagh			255 *
				Wargal			256 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian					259.51
		Wordian					264.28
							265.3 *
				Amb			266.1 *
		Roadian		Amb			266.9
		Roadian					270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian					273.01
		Artinskian					283.5
		Sakmarian					290.1
		Asselian					293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian					Mapingian †		298.9
		Gzhelian							Xiaodushanian	300 *
		Kasimovian							Xiaodushanian	303.7
									Dalaun	305.8 *
										305.9
		Moscovian								307
		Bashkirian								315.2
									Huashibanian	318.5 *
									Lousuan	321.2 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian							Dewunian	323.2
		Serpukhovian							Shangsian	330.8 *
		Visean							Shangsian	330.9
		Visean							Jiusian	335 *
		Tournaisian							Tangbagouan	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian							Late Famennian		358.9
									Middle Famennian		365.3 *
									Early Famennian		368.5 *
		Frasnian	Late Frasnian			372.2
			Middle Frasnian			375.4 *
			Early Frasnian			379.3 *
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Late Givetian			382.7
			Middle Givetian			383.7 *
			Early Givetian			385.9 *
		Eifelian	Late Eifelian			387.7
		Eifelian	Early Eifelian			390.3 *
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Late Emsian			393.3
		Emsian	Early Emsian			398.3 *
		Pragian	Pragian			407.6
		Lochkovian	Late Lochkovian			410.8
			Middle Lochkovian			412.8 *
			Early Lochkovian			415.6 *
Silurian	Pridoli					419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian				423
	Ludlow	Gorstian				425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian				427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian				430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian				433.4
		Aeronian				438.5
		Rhuddanian				440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian				Kosovian		Cincinnatian	Gamachian		443.8
		Katian				Kralodvorian			Gamachian		Bohdalec †	445.2
						Kralodvorian			Richmondian			446 *
						Berounian			Richmondian			449.7 *
									Maysvillian			Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
									Edenian				450.4 *
								Mohawkian	Chatfieldian				451.1 *
		Sandbian							Chatfieldian				453
									Turinian				453.7 *
									Turinian				Zahorany †/Vinice	Letna †	456.2 *
								Whiterockian				Canadian †	Zahorany †/Vinice		Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
											Liben †					458 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian														458.4
						Dobrotivian										458.5 *
						Oretanian										459.7 *
					Sarka †									461.7 *
		Dapingian			Klabava †									467.3
						Arenigian								468
									Rangerian					469.1 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian						Ibexian	Blackhillsian					Jeffersonian †	Cassinian †	470
		Floian		Tulean					473.9 *
		Tremadocian		Tulean	Tremadocian				477.7
				Stairsian					480.3 *
				Skullrockian					Demingian †						482 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10		Skullrockian											485.4
		Stage 10													487.5
		Jiangshanian													489.5
		Paibian													494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian													Series 3 †	497
		Drumian					500.5
		Wuliuan					Stage 5 †									504.5
																	509