PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
Z.-X. Qiu and Z.-D. Qiu. 1995. Chronological sequence and subdivision of Chinese Neogene mammalian faunas. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 116(1-2):41-70 view
M. Harzhauser and W. E. Piller. 2004. Integrated stratigraphy of the Sarmatian (Upper Middle Miocene) in the western Central Paratethys. Stratigraphy 1(1):65-86 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Cenozoic Subepochs	Devonian Subages	Permian of the Pamirs	Ammonite Chrons of North America			Devonian of Eastern North America		Neogene Mammal Ages of China	Carboniferous of China	Central Paratethys Stages
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene				Late Pleistocene								Nihewanian			0.0117
		Chibanian				Middle Pleistocene											0.129
		Calabrian				Early Pleistocene											0.774
		Gelasian				Early Pleistocene											1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †			Late Pliocene								Yushean			2.58
		Zanclean				Early Pliocene								Yushean			3.6
		Zanclean				Early Pliocene								Baodean			4.9
	Miocene	Messinian				Late Miocene											5.333
		Tortonian														Pannonian	7.246
		Tortonian												Tunggurian		Pannonian	11.1
		Serravallian				Middle Miocene										Sarmatian	11.63
		Serravallian														Badenian	12.8 *
		Langhian												Shanwangian			13.82
		Burdigalian				Early Miocene								Shanwangian			15.98
		Burdigalian												Xiejiaan			16.9
		Aquitanian												Xiejiaan			20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian				Late Oligocene											23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian				Early Oligocene											27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian				Late Eocene											33.9
		Bartonian				Middle Eocene											37.71
		Lutetian				Middle Eocene											41.2
		Ypresian				Early Eocene											47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian				Late Paleocene											56
		Selandian				Middle Paleocene											59.2
		Danian				Early Paleocene											61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian															66
		Campanian															72.1
		Santonian															83.6
		Coniacian															86.3
		Turonian															89.8
		Cenomanian															93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian															100.5
		Aptian															113
		Barremian															121.4
		Hauterivian															125.77
		Valanginian															132.6
		Berriasian															139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian															145
		Kimmeridgian															149.2
		Oxfordian															154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian															161.5
		Bathonian															165.3
		Bajocian							Epizigzagiceras								168.2
		Bajocian							Rotundum/Oblatum/Kirschneri/Crassicostatus/Widebayense								168.4
		Aalenian							Howelli/Scissum/Westermanni								170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian							Yakounensis/Hillebrandti/Crassicosta								174.7
									Planulata								179.3 *
									Planulata		Arnioceras arnouldi						179.8 *
									Kanense								181.3 *
									Carlottense								182.3 *
									Kunae								183.5 *
		Pliensbachian							Kunae								184.2
									Freboldi								185.1 *
									Whiteavesi/Imlayi	Tetraspidoceras							186.2 *
										Tetraspidoceras							189.2 *
									Plesechioceras harbledownense/Asteroceras varians/Coroniceras	Canadensis							190.3 *
		Sinemurian															192.9
									Pseudaetomoceras		Psiloceras						196.4 *
									Franziceras/Euphyllites								196.5 *
		Hettangian							Franziceras/Euphyllites								199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian															201.4
		Norian															208.5
		Carnian															227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian															237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian		242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan		251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Dorashamian	251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †	Dzhulfian		254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian			Midian		259.51
		Wordian			Midian		264.28
		Wordian			Murgabian		266.2 *
		Roadian			Murgabian		266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian			Kubergandian		273.01
		Kungurian			Bolorian		279.8
		Artinskian			Bolorian		283.5
		Artinskian			Yakhtashian		286
		Sakmarian			Sakmarian		290.1
		Asselian			Asselian		293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian					298.9
		Gzhelian					Xiaodushanian	300 *
		Kasimovian					Xiaodushanian	303.7
		Kasimovian					Dalaun	305.8 *
		Moscovian						307
		Bashkirian						315.2
							Huashibanian	318.5 *
							Lousuan	321.2 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian					Dewunian	323.2
		Serpukhovian					Shangsian	330.8 *
		Visean	330.9				Shangsian
		Visean	Jiusian			335 *
		Tournaisian	Tangbagouan			346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Late Famennian			Conewangan/Conneautan/Canadaway		358.9
			Middle Famennian					365.3 *
			Early Famennian					368.5 *
		Frasnian	Late Frasnian			West Fallsian/Sonyean		372.2
			Middle Frasnian					375.4 *
			Early Frasnian					379.3 *
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Late Givetian			Geneseean/Taghanican/Tioughniogan		Cazenovian				382.7
			Middle Givetian									383.7 *
			Early Givetian									385.9 *
		Eifelian	Late Eifelian			Southwoodian						387.7
		Eifelian	Early Eifelian			Southwoodian						390.3 *
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Late Emsian			Sawkillian/Deer Parkian		Helderbergian				393.3
		Emsian	Early Emsian			Sawkillian/Deer Parkian						398.3 *
		Pragian	Pragian									407.6
		Lochkovian	Late Lochkovian									410.8
			Middle Lochkovian									412.8 *
			Early Lochkovian									415.6 *
Silurian	Pridoli											419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian										423
	Ludlow	Gorstian										425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian										427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian										430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian										433.4
		Aeronian										438.5
		Rhuddanian										440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian										Ashgill	Hirnantian	443.8
		Katian											Rawtheyan	445.2
													Cautleyan	448.9 *
													Pusgillian	449.3 *
												Caradoc	Streffordian	Onnian †	449.6 *
										Cheneyan			451.5 *
										Burrellian			452.7 *
		Sandbian							453
									Actonian †		453.2 *
									Marshbrookian †		Woolstonian †		454.2 *
									Longvillian †				455.2 *
									Longvillian †	Aurelucian			456.8 *
									Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian	Aurelucian			457.4 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian							Llanvirn	Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn			458.4
		Darriwilian								Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn			461.3 *
		Dapingian								Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn			467.3
		Dapingian		Arenig					Fennian	468.4 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian							Fennian	470
									Whitlandian	471.1 *
									Moridunian	474.3 *
		Tremadocian		Tremadoc					Migneintian	477.7
				Tremadoc					Cressagian	480.8 *
										485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10								485.4
		Jiangshanian								489.5
		Paibian								494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian			Series 3 †					497
		Drumian								500.5
		Wuliuan								Stage 5 †			504.5
																	509