PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
A. G. Sennikov and V. K. Golubev. 2006. Vyazniki Biotic Assemblage of the Terminal Permian. Paleontological Journal 40(suppl. 4):S475-S481 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Cenozoic Subepochs	Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand		Cambrian of North America		Carbo-Permian of the Russian Platform	Cambrian of Kazakhstan	Permo-Triassic Subages of Eastern Europe	Silurian of North America			Cambrian of West Avalonia	Ordovician of North America
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene				Late Pleistocene															0.0117
		Chibanian				Middle Pleistocene															0.129
		Calabrian				Early Pleistocene															0.774
		Gelasian				Early Pleistocene															1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †			Late Pliocene															2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean				Early Pliocene															3.6
	Miocene	Messinian				Late Miocene															5.333
		Tortonian				Late Miocene															7.246
		Serravallian				Middle Miocene															11.63
		Langhian				Middle Miocene															13.82
		Burdigalian				Early Miocene															15.98
		Aquitanian				Early Miocene															20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian				Late Oligocene															23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian				Early Oligocene															27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian				Late Eocene															33.9
		Bartonian				Middle Eocene															37.71
		Lutetian				Middle Eocene															41.2
		Ypresian				Early Eocene															47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian				Late Paleocene															56
		Selandian				Middle Paleocene															59.2
		Danian				Early Paleocene															61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																			66
		Campanian																			72.1
		Santonian																			83.6
		Coniacian																			86.3
		Turonian																			89.8
		Cenomanian																			93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																			100.5
		Aptian																			113
		Barremian																			121.4
		Hauterivian																			125.77
		Valanginian																			132.6
		Berriasian																			139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian					Oteke	Puaroan													145
		Kimmeridgian					Oteke	Puaroan													149.2
							Kawhia	Ohauan													150
								Heterian													154.5
		Oxfordian																			154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																			161.5
		Callovian						Temaikan													164.3
		Bathonian																			165.3
		Bajocian																			168.2
		Aalenian																			170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian																			174.7
		Toarcian					Herangi	Ururoan													176
		Pliensbachian						Ururoan													184.2
		Pliensbachian						Aratauran													188.9
		Sinemurian																			192.9
		Hettangian																			199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian					Balfour	Otapirian													201.4
		Norian						Warepan													208.5
								Otamitan													217
								Oretian													221
		Carnian						Oretian													227
		Carnian					Gore	Kaihikuan													227.5
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian						Kaihikuan													237
		Ladinian						Etalian													238
		Anisian						Etalian													242
		Anisian						Malakovian													246
	Early Triassic	Olenekian						Malakovian					Vokhmian								247.2
		Olenekian						Nelsonian													249
		Induan						Nelsonian													251.2
		Induan					DUrville	Makarewan													251.5
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian						Makarewan			Melekhovian										251.902
		Changhsingian		Waiitian	253.2
		Wuchiapingian		Waiitian	Longtanian †			Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian	254.14
		Wuchiapingian		Puruhauan	Longtanian †			Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian	254.2
	Guadalupian	Capitanian			Aparima		Flettian	Late Severodvinian/Early Severodvinian	259.51
		Wordian						Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian	264.28
									Noginskian	264.9 *
							Barettian			266
		Roadian						Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian		266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian								273.01
							Mangapirian			276
									Pavlovoposadian	276.8 *
		Artinskian								283.5
							Telfordian			285
							Telfordian		Rusavkinian	287.6 *
										288.5
		Sakmarian								290.1
		Asselian								293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian								298.9
		Kasimovian							Dorogomilovian	303.7
									Khamovnikian	304.8
									Krevyakinian	305.8 *
		Moscovian	Myachkovian			307
			Podolskian			308.9 *
			Kashirian			311.4 *
			Vereian			313.8
			Melekessian			314.8
		Bashkirian	Melekessian			315.2
			Cheremshanian			316.9 *
			Prikamian			318.6 *
			Severokeltmian			319.9 *
			Krasnopolyanian			321.2 *
			Voznesenian			321.9 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Zapaltjubian			323.2
			Protvian			324.4 *
			Steshevian			326.8 *
			Tarusian			329 *
		Visean	Venevian			330.9
			Mikhailovian			331.9 *
			Aleksinian			333.7 *
			Tulian			335.8 *
			Bobrikian			339.9 *
			Radaevkian			343.4 *
		Tournaisian	Kosvian			346.7
			Kizelian			350.7 *
			Cherepetian			351.9 *
			Karakubian			354.4 *
			Upinian			356.3 *
			Malevkian			357.6 *
			Gumerovian			358 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian				358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian				372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian				382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian				387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian				393.3
		Pragian				407.6
		Lochkovian				410.8
Silurian	Pridoli					Cayugan			419.2
	Pridoli					Niagaran			422.5 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian							423
	Ludlow	Gorstian							425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian							Lockportian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian								430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian							Ontarian	433.4
		Aeronian								438.5
										Alexandrian	438.7 *
						Medinan			Clinton		440.1 *
											440.7 *
		Rhuddanian		440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian								Cincinnatian	Gamachian	443.8
		Katian									Gamachian	445.2
											Richmondian	446 *
											Maysvillian	Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
								Edenian			450.4 *
								Mohawkian		Chatfieldian	451.1 *
		Sandbian								Chatfieldian	453
										Turinian	453.7 *
								Whiterockian			Canadian †	Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian											458.4
		Dapingian			467.3
		Dapingian			Rangerian		469.1 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian			Ibexian		Blackhillsian	Jeffersonian †		Cassinian †		470
		Floian					Tulean					473.9 *
		Tremadocian					Tulean					Ungurian	477.7
							Stairsian						480.3 *
							Skullrockian			Demingian †			482 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10					Skullrockian	Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan		Batyrbaian				Merioneth	Dolgellian/Trempealeauan	485.4
					Sunwaptan										Dolgellian/Trempealeauan		487.5
															Festiniogian		489.2 *
		Jiangshanian															489.5
										Aksaian							490.7 *
										Sakian							492.2 *
					Steptoean												493 *
															Maentwrogian		493.1 *
		Paibian													Maentwrogian		494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian			Series 3 †			Marjumian		Albertian †				Ayusokkanian	St Davids			497
														Ayusokkanian				Arcadian	498.4
																			499.5
		Drumian												Zhanaarykian					500.5
		Drumian												Tuesaian					503
		Wuliuan						Stage 5 †						Tuesaian					Topazan	504.5
																			Topazan	505.3
																			Delamaran	506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4								Waucoban †					Branchian			Caerfai		509
														Toyonian						510 *
														Toyonian					Dyeran	511 *
														Botomian						512.5 *
		Stage 3																		514
																			Montezuman	514.8 *
														Atdabanian						515.6 *
															Placentian					517.1
																			Begadean	519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2												Tommotian						521
		Stage 2																		525.5
		Fortunian	529
																					538.8