PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Cenozoic Subepochs	Ten Million Year Bins	Ammonite Chrons of Northwest Europe		Ordovician of the Baltic				Obsolete Carboniferous Ages of China	Ordovician of China			Devonian of Eastern North America
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan					Cenozoic 6													0
		Northgrippian																		0.0042
		Greenlandian																		0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene				Late Pleistocene														0.0117
		Chibanian				Middle Pleistocene														0.129
		Calabrian				Early Pleistocene														0.774
		Gelasian				Early Pleistocene														1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †			Late Pliocene														2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean				Early Pliocene														3.6
	Miocene	Messinian				Late Miocene														5.333
		Tortonian				Late Miocene														7.246
		Serravallian				Middle Miocene	Cenozoic 5													11.63
		Langhian				Middle Miocene														13.82
		Burdigalian				Early Miocene														15.98
		Aquitanian				Early Miocene														20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian				Late Oligocene	Cenozoic 4													23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian				Early Oligocene	Cenozoic 4													27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian				Late Eocene	Cenozoic 3													33.9
		Bartonian				Middle Eocene	Cenozoic 3													37.71
		Lutetian				Middle Eocene	Cenozoic 2													41.2
		Ypresian				Early Eocene	Cenozoic 2													47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian				Late Paleocene	Cenozoic 1													56
		Selandian				Middle Paleocene														59.2
		Danian				Early Paleocene														61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian					Cretaceous 8													66
		Campanian					Cretaceous 7													72.1
		Santonian					Cretaceous 6													83.6
		Coniacian																		86.3
		Turonian																		89.8
		Cenomanian					Cretaceous 5													93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian					Cretaceous 4													100.5
		Aptian					Cretaceous 3													113
		Barremian					Cretaceous 2													121.4
		Hauterivian					Cretaceous 2													125.77
		Valanginian					Cretaceous 1													132.6
		Berriasian					Cretaceous 1													139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian					Jurassic 6													145
		Kimmeridgian					Jurassic 5													149.2
		Oxfordian																		154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																		161.5
		Bathonian					Jurassic 4													165.3
		Bajocian						Parkinsoni/Garantiana/Subfurcatum/Sauzei/Laeviuscula/Discites												168.2
		Bajocian							Humphresianum											168.4
		Aalenian					Jurassic 3	Concavum/Murchisonae/Opalinum												170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian						Levesquei/Variabilis/Bifrons	Thouarsense											174.7
								Levesquei/Variabilis/Bifrons												180.1
								Serpentinum/Falciferum/Tenuicostatum												182
		Pliensbachian					Jurassic 2	Spinatum/Margaritatus/Davoei/Ibex/Jamesoni												184.2
		Sinemurian					Jurassic 1	Raricostatum/Oxynotum/Obtusum/Turneri/Semicostatum/Bucklandi												192.9
		Hettangian					Jurassic 1	Angulata/Liasicus/Planorbis												199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian					Triassic 4													201.4
		Norian					Triassic 4													208.5
		Carnian					Triassic 3													227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian					Triassic 2													237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian					Triassic 2													242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian					Triassic 1													247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan					Triassic 1													251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian					Permian 4													251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †																254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian																		259.51
		Wordian																		264.28
		Roadian					Permian 3													266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian					Permian 2													273.01
		Artinskian																		283.5
		Sakmarian			290.1
		Asselian			Permian 1		Bursumian †			293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian			Carboniferous 5		Mapingian †			Virgilian	298.9
		Kasimovian					Mapingian †			Missourian	303.7
		Kasimovian								Desmoinesian	305.9 *
		Moscovian			Carboniferous 4					Desmoinesian	307
		Moscovian								Atokan	312.7 *
		Bashkirian								Atokan	315.2
		Bashkirian								Morrowan	318.4 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian			Carboniferous 3					Chesterian	323.2
		Visean			Carboniferous 2					Chesterian	330.9
										Meramecian	335.8 *
										Osagean	343.1 *
		Tournaisian			Carboniferous 1					Osagean	346.7
		Tournaisian			Carboniferous 1					Kinderhookian	351.9 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian			Devonian 5					Conewangan/Conneautan/Canadaway		358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian			Devonian 4					West Fallsian/Sonyean		372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian			Devonian 3					Geneseean/Taghanican/Tioughniogan		Cazenovian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian			Devonian 3					Southwoodian		Cazenovian	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian			Devonian 2					Sawkillian/Deer Parkian		Helderbergian	393.3
		Pragian			Devonian 1								407.6
		Lochkovian			Devonian 1								410.8
Silurian	Pridoli				Silurian 2								419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian											423
	Ludlow	Gorstian	425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian	430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	Silurian 1		433.4
		Aeronian			438.5
		Rhuddanian			440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Ordovician 5		Harju	Porkuni							Hirnantian	Xiaoxita †/Shikou	Wufeng †	443.8
		Katian				Pirgu							Chientangkiangian		Wufeng †	445.2
						Pirgu							Neichianshanian/Hanjiang			449.5
						Vormsi										449.6 *
						Nabala										Johvi †	450 *
					Viru	Rakvere											450.6 *
						Oandu											452 *
		Sandbian	Ordovician 4			Keila										Idavere †	453
						Haljala											453.9
						Kukruse											456.4 *
						Uhaku										Aluoja †	457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Ordovician 3			Uhaku							Darriwilian	Guniu †/Hulo			458.4
						Lasnamagi											458.9 *
						Aseri											460.4 *
					Oeland	Kunda											462.9 *
									Valaste †/Hunderum							464.3 *
														Hunjiang †	Dawan †/Daobaowan/Ningkuo	466.3 *
						Volkhov										Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian	Ordovician 2			Volkhov							Dapingian				467.3
		Dapingian				Billingen							Dapingian				469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian						Yiyangian					470
									Latorp †							470.1 *
						Hunneberg										473.7 *
		Tremadocian	Ordovician 1					Xinchangian								477.7
															Lianghekou †	477.9 *
						Varangu										481.3 *
						Pakerort										482.2 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	Cambrian 5			Pakerort										Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan	485.4
																	486.3 *
					486.5
					Sunwaptan												487.5
		Jiangshanian			Sunwaptan												489.5
		Jiangshanian			Steptoean												493 *
		Paibian			Steptoean												494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Series 3 †		Cambrian 4											Marjumian	Albertian †	497
		Drumian			Cambrian 4											Marjumian		500.5
		Wuliuan			Stage 5 †											Cambrian 3		Topazan	504.5
		Wuliuan			Stage 5 †													Delamaran	506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4					Waucoban †										509	Delamaran
		Stage 4															Dyeran	511 *
		Stage 3														Cambrian 2	Dyeran	514
																	Montezuman	514.8 *
																	Begadean	519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2																521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian														Cambrian 1		529
																				538.8