PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
F. F. Steininger, W. A. Berggren, D. V. Kent, R. L. Bernor, S. Sen and J. Agusti. 1996. Circum-Mediterranean Neogene (Miocene and Pliocene) marine-continental chronologic correlations of European mammal units. The Evolution of Western Eurasian Neogene Mammal Faunas (eds. R. L. Bernor, V. Fahlbusch, and H.-W. Mittmann) view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
Z.-X. Qiu and Z.-D. Qiu. 1995. Chronological sequence and subdivision of Chinese Neogene mammalian faunas. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 116(1-2):41-70 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Cenozoic Subepochs	Cambrian of Siberia			Ordovician of the Baltic			Cambrian of North America		Permian of the Pamirs	European Faunal Zones	Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		Neogene Mammal Ages of China
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan															Wanganui	Haweran		0
		Northgrippian																		0.0042
		Greenlandian																		0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene				Late Pleistocene													Nihewanian	0.0117
		Chibanian				Middle Pleistocene														0.129
		Chibanian				Middle Pleistocene												Castlecliffian		0.34
		Calabrian				Early Pleistocene												Castlecliffian		0.774
		Calabrian																Nukumaruan		1.63
		Gelasian														MN 17		Nukumaruan		1.8
		Gelasian														MN 17		Mangapanian		2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †			Late Pliocene										MN 16		Mangapanian	Yushean	2.58
																MN 16		Waipipian		3
																MN 15				3.2
		Zanclean				Early Pliocene														3.6
																		Opoitian		3.7
																MN 14				4.2
																MN 13			Baodean	4.9
	Miocene	Messinian				Late Miocene											Taranaki	Kapitean		5.333
		Messinian																Tongaporutuan		7.2
		Tortonian														MN 12				7.246
																MN 11				7.75
																MN 10				8.7
																MN 9				9.7
																MN 9	Southland	Waiauan		11.04
																MN 7 + 8			Tunggurian	11.1
		Serravallian				Middle Miocene										MN 7 + 8				11.63
																MN 6				12.8 *
																MN 6		Lillburnian		13.05
		Langhian														MN 5		Lillburnian	Shanwangian	13.82
																		Clifdenian		15.1
																	Pareora	Altonian		15.9
		Burdigalian				Early Miocene										MN 4				15.98
																MN 3			Xiejiaan	16.9
																MN 3		Otaian		18.7
																MN 2				20
		Aquitanian																		20.44
																	Landon	Waitakian		21.7
																MN 1				22.4
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian				Late Oligocene														23.03
																		Duntroonian		25.2
																		Whaingaroan		27.3
		Rupelian				Early Oligocene														27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian				Late Eocene														33.9
																	Arnold	Runangan		34.6
																		Kaiatan		36.7
		Bartonian				Middle Eocene												Kaiatan		37.71
		Bartonian																Bortonian		39.1
		Lutetian																Bortonian		41.2
																	Dannevirke	Porangan		42.6
																		Heretaungan		45.7
		Ypresian				Early Eocene												Heretaungan		47.8
																		Mangaorapan		48.9
																		Waipawan		52
	Paleocene	Thanetian				Late Paleocene												Teurian		56
		Selandian				Middle Paleocene														59.2
		Danian				Early Paleocene														61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian															Mata	Haumurian		66
		Campanian																Haumurian		72.1
		Santonian																Piripauan		83.6
		Santonian															Raukumara	Teratan		86.1
		Coniacian																		86.3
		Turonian																		89.8
																		Mangaotanean		90.5
																		Arowhanan		93.7
		Cenomanian		93.9														Arowhanan
				Clarence	Ngaterian		95.2
					Motuan		99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian			Motuan		100.5
					Urutawan		103.3
				Taitai	Korangan		108.4
		Aptian			Korangan		113
		Aptian					117.5
		Barremian					121.4
		Hauterivian					125.77
		Valanginian					132.6
		Berriasian					139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian					145
		Kimmeridgian					149.2
		Oxfordian					154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian					161.5
		Bathonian					165.3
		Bajocian					168.2
		Aalenian					170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian					174.7
		Pliensbachian					184.2
		Sinemurian					192.9
		Hettangian					199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian					201.4
		Norian					208.5
		Carnian					227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian					237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian					242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian					247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan					251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian					Dorashamian	251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian					Longtanian †	Dzhulfian	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian						Midian	Capitanian	259.51
		Wordian						Midian	Wordian	264.28
		Wordian						Murgabian	Wordian	266.2 *
		Roadian						Murgabian	Roadian	266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian						Kubergandian	Leonardian	Cathedralian	273.01
								Bolorian		Cathedralian	279.8
										Hessian	281.9 *
		Artinskian									283.5
								Yakhtashian			286
								Yakhtashian	Wolfcampian	Lenoxian	286.1 *
		Sakmarian						Sakmarian		Lenoxian	290.1
		Asselian						Asselian		Nealian	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian									298.9
		Kasimovian									303.7
		Moscovian									307
		Bashkirian									315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian									323.2
		Visean									330.9
		Tournaisian									346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian									358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian									372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian									382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian									387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian									393.3
		Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian	423
	Ludlow	Gorstian	425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian	430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	433.4
		Aeronian	438.5
		Rhuddanian	440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Harju			Porkuni					443.8
		Katian				Pirgu					445.2
						Vormsi					449.6 *
						Nabala					Johvi †	450 *
			Viru			Rakvere						450.6 *
					Oandu	452 *
		Sandbian			Keila	Idavere †					453
					Haljala						453.9
					Kukruse						456.4 *
					Uhaku	Aluoja †					457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian		458.4	Uhaku
				Lasnamagi	458.9 *
				Aseri	460.4 *
			Oeland	Kunda	462.9 *
				Kunda	Valaste †/Hunderum	464.3 *
				Volkhov		Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka					467.1 *
		Dapingian		Volkhov							467.3
		Dapingian		Billingen							469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian									470
					Latorp †						470.1 *
				Hunneberg							473.7 *
		Tremadocian		Hunneberg							477.7
				Varangu							481.3 *
				Pakerort							482.2 *
											Mansian †	483.55 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10			Batyrbaian						Tavgian †	Ketyan †/Yurakian	Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan	485.4
														486.3 *
														486.5
														Sunwaptan	487.5
		Jiangshanian													489.5
					Aksaian		490.7 *
					Sakian		492.2 *
							Steptoean							493 *
		Paibian												494
		Paibian										Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian		494.7 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian			Series 3 †		Ayusokkanian						Marjumian	Albertian †	497
		Guzhangian					Mayan/Menevian								499.5
		Drumian					Mayan/Menevian								500.5
		Wuliuan					Stage 5 †						Amgan/Solvan		Topazan	504.5
		Wuliuan					Stage 5 †								Delamaran	506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4												Waucoban †		509
											Toyonian		Lenian †			510 *
								Dyeran	511 *		Toyonian
									Botomian	512.5 *
		Stage 3								514
								Montezuman		514.8 *
								Montezuman	Atdabanian		515.6 *
								Begadean	Atdabanian		519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2							Tommotian		521
		Stage 2							Nemakit-Daldynian		525.5
		Fortunian							Nemakit-Daldynian	Manykaian †	529
																				538.8