PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. J. Prevosti, C. O. Romano, A. M. Forasiepi, S. Hemming, R. Bonini, A. M. Candela, E. Cerdeño, M. C. Madozzo Jaén, P. E. Ortiz, F. Pujos, L. Rasia, G. I. Schmidt, M. Taglioretti, R. D. E. MacPhee, and U. F. J. Pardiñas. 2021. New radiometric 40Ar–39Ar dates and faunistic analyses refine evolutionary dynamics of Neogene vertebrate assemblages in southern South America. Scientific Reports 2021(11):9830 view
J. J. Flynn and C. C. Swisher, III. 1995. Cenozoic South American Land Mammal Ages: correlation to global geochronology. Geochronology Time Scales and Global Stratigraphic Correlation, SEPM Special Publication 54:317-333 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

Show more time

Show linear time

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Cenozoic Subepochs	Carboniferous of Western Europe		South American Land Mammal Ages
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene				Late Pleistocene			Lujanian		0.0117
		Chibanian				Middle Pleistocene			Lujanian		0.129
		Chibanian				Middle Pleistocene			Ensenadan		0.3 *
		Calabrian				Early Pleistocene			Ensenadan		0.774
		Calabrian							Sanandresian	Uquian †	1.7 *
		Gelasian							Sanandresian		1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †			Late Pliocene			Vorohuean		2.58
		Piacenzian				Late Pliocene			Chapadmalalan		2.9 *
		Zanclean				Early Pliocene			Chapadmalalan		3.6
									Montehermosan		3.7 *
									Huayquerian		4.9 *
	Miocene	Messinian				Late Miocene					5.333
		Tortonian									7.246
									Chasicoan		7.9 *
									Mayoan		9.9 *
									Laventan		10.9 *
		Serravallian				Middle Miocene			Laventan		11.63
		Serravallian							Colloncuran		13.7 *
		Langhian							Colloncuran		13.82
		Langhian							Friasian		15.4 *
		Burdigalian				Early Miocene			Friasian		15.98
									Santacrucian		16.2 *
									Colhuehuapian		17.4 *
		Aquitanian							Colhuehuapian		20.44
		Aquitanian							Deseadan		20.9 *
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian				Late Oligocene					23.03
		Rupelian				Early Oligocene					27.82
		Rupelian				Early Oligocene			Tinguirirican		28.9 *
	Eocene	Priabonian				Late Eocene			Tinguirirican		33.9
		Priabonian				Late Eocene			Divisaderan		35.9 *
		Bartonian				Middle Eocene					37.71
		Lutetian									41.2
		Lutetian							Mustersan		41.9 *
		Ypresian				Early Eocene			Mustersan		47.8
		Ypresian				Early Eocene			Casamayoran		47.9 *
	Paleocene	Thanetian				Late Paleocene			Riochican		56
									Itaboraian		56.9 *
									Peligran		58.9 *
		Selandian				Middle Paleocene					59.2
		Danian				Early Paleocene					61.6
		Danian				Early Paleocene			Tiupampan		62.4 *
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian									66
		Campanian									72.1
		Santonian									83.6
		Coniacian									86.3
		Turonian									89.8
		Cenomanian									93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian									100.5
		Aptian									113
		Barremian									121.4
		Hauterivian									125.77
		Valanginian									132.6
		Berriasian									139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian									145
		Kimmeridgian									149.2
		Oxfordian									154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian									161.5
		Bathonian									165.3
		Bajocian									168.2
		Aalenian									170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian									174.7
		Pliensbachian									184.2
		Sinemurian									192.9
		Hettangian									199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian		201.4
		Norian		208.5
		Carnian		227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian		242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan		251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian			259.51
		Wordian			264.28
		Roadian			266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian			273.01
		Artinskian			283.5
		Sakmarian			290.1
		Asselian			293.52
		Asselian			Kuzel		297.7
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian			Kuzel		298.9
					Stephanian		Stephanian C	300.3 *
							Stephanian B	300.9 *
							Stephanian A	301.4 *
		Kasimovian					Stephanian A	303.7
		Kasimovian					Cantabrian	305 *
		Moscovian					Cantabrian	307
					Westphalian		Westphalian D	307.4 *
							Westphalian C	309.8
							Westphalian B	314.6
		Bashkirian					Westphalian B	315.2
							Westphalian A	317 *
					Namurian		Yeadonian	318.8 *
							Marsdenian	320.2 *
							Kinderscoutian	321.5 *
							Alportian	322 *
							Chokierian	323.1 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian					Chokierian	323.2
							Arnsbergian	324 *
							Pendleian	327.4 *
		Visean			Warnantian		Brigantian †	330.9
					Livian		Asbian †	336.3 *
					Moliniacian		Holkerian †/Arundian/Chadian	340.2 *
		Tournaisian			Ivorian			346.7
		Tournaisian	Hastarian		353.7 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian			358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian			372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian			382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian			387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian			393.3
		Pragian			407.6
		Lochkovian			410.8
Silurian	Pridoli				419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian			423
	Ludlow	Gorstian			425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian			427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian			430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian			433.4
		Aeronian			438.5
		Rhuddanian			440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian			443.8
		Katian			445.2
		Sandbian			453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian			458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian			467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian			470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian			477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10			Late Cambrian	485.4
		Jiangshanian				489.5
		Paibian				494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian			Series 3 †	Middle Cambrian		497
		Drumian						500.5
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †				504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4				Early Cambrian		509
	Series 2	Stage 3						514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2						521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian						529
											538.8