PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
F. J. Prevosti, C. O. Romano, A. M. Forasiepi, S. Hemming, R. Bonini, A. M. Candela, E. Cerdeño, M. C. Madozzo Jaén, P. E. Ortiz, F. Pujos, L. Rasia, G. I. Schmidt, M. Taglioretti, R. D. E. MacPhee, and U. F. J. Pardiñas. 2021. New radiometric 40Ar–39Ar dates and faunistic analyses refine evolutionary dynamics of Neogene vertebrate assemblages in southern South America. Scientific Reports 2021(11):9830 view
J. J. Flynn and C. C. Swisher, III. 1995. Cenozoic South American Land Mammal Ages: correlation to global geochronology. Geochronology Time Scales and Global Stratigraphic Correlation, SEPM Special Publication 54:317-333 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Cenozoic Subepochs	Carboniferous of Western Europe		Ordovician of the Baltic			South American Land Mammal Ages
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene				Late Pleistocene						Lujanian		0.0117
		Chibanian				Middle Pleistocene						Lujanian		0.129
		Chibanian				Middle Pleistocene						Ensenadan		0.3 *
		Calabrian				Early Pleistocene						Ensenadan		0.774
		Calabrian										Sanandresian	Uquian †	1.7 *
		Gelasian										Sanandresian		1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †			Late Pliocene						Vorohuean		2.58
		Piacenzian				Late Pliocene						Chapadmalalan		2.9 *
		Zanclean				Early Pliocene						Chapadmalalan		3.6
												Montehermosan		3.7 *
												Huayquerian		4.9 *
	Miocene	Messinian				Late Miocene								5.333
		Tortonian												7.246
												Chasicoan		7.9 *
												Mayoan		9.9 *
												Laventan		10.9 *
		Serravallian				Middle Miocene						Laventan		11.63
		Serravallian										Colloncuran		13.7 *
		Langhian										Colloncuran		13.82
		Langhian										Friasian		15.4 *
		Burdigalian				Early Miocene						Friasian		15.98
												Santacrucian		16.2 *
												Colhuehuapian		17.4 *
		Aquitanian										Colhuehuapian		20.44
		Aquitanian										Deseadan		20.9 *
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian				Late Oligocene								23.03
		Rupelian				Early Oligocene								27.82
		Rupelian				Early Oligocene						Tinguirirican		28.9 *
	Eocene	Priabonian				Late Eocene						Tinguirirican		33.9
		Priabonian				Late Eocene						Divisaderan		35.9 *
		Bartonian				Middle Eocene								37.71
		Lutetian												41.2
		Lutetian										Mustersan		41.9 *
		Ypresian				Early Eocene						Mustersan		47.8
		Ypresian				Early Eocene						Casamayoran		47.9 *
	Paleocene	Thanetian				Late Paleocene						Riochican		56
												Itaboraian		56.9 *
												Peligran		58.9 *
		Selandian				Middle Paleocene								59.2
		Danian				Early Paleocene								61.6
		Danian				Early Paleocene						Tiupampan		62.4 *
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian												66
		Campanian												72.1
		Santonian												83.6
		Coniacian												86.3
		Turonian												89.8
		Cenomanian												93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian												100.5
		Aptian												113
		Barremian												121.4
		Hauterivian												125.77
		Valanginian												132.6
		Berriasian												139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian												145
		Kimmeridgian												149.2
		Oxfordian												154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian												161.5
		Bathonian												165.3
		Bajocian												168.2
		Aalenian												170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian												174.7
		Pliensbachian												184.2
		Sinemurian												192.9
		Hettangian												199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian		201.4
		Norian		208.5
		Carnian		227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian		242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan		251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		251.902
		Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †	254.14
		Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †	Tatarian		Vyatkian	256.8 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian					Severodvinian	259.51
		Wordian					Urzhumian	264.28
		Roadian			Kazanian		Povolzhian	266.9
		Roadian			Kazanian		Sokian	270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian			Kungurian		Irenian/Ufimian	273.01
							Filipovian	276.5 *
							Saraninian	280.1 *
		Artinskian			Artinskian		Sarginian	283.5
							Irginian	285.9 *
							Burtsevian	287.8 *
		Sakmarian			Sakmarian		Sterlitamakian	290.1
		Sakmarian			Sakmarian		Tastubian	291.7 *
		Asselian			Asselian		Shikhanian	293.52
							Uskalykian	294.8
							Surenian	297.5
							Surenian	Kuzel	297.7
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian						Kuzel	298.9
								Stephanian	Stephanian C	300.3 *
									Stephanian B	300.9 *
									Stephanian A	301.4 *
		Kasimovian							Stephanian A	303.7
		Kasimovian							Cantabrian	305 *
		Moscovian							Cantabrian	307
								Westphalian	Westphalian D	307.4 *
									Westphalian C	309.8
									Westphalian B	314.6
		Bashkirian							Westphalian B	315.2
									Westphalian A	317 *
								Namurian	Yeadonian	318.8 *
									Marsdenian	320.2 *
									Kinderscoutian	321.5 *
			Alportian			322 *
			Chokierian			323.1 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Chokierian			323.2
			Arnsbergian			324 *
			Pendleian			327.4 *
		Visean	Warnantian			Brigantian †		330.9
			Livian			Asbian †		336.3 *
			Moliniacian			Holkerian †/Arundian/Chadian		340.2 *
		Tournaisian	Ivorian					346.7
		Tournaisian	Hastarian					353.7 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian						358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian						372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian						382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian						387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian						393.3
		Pragian						407.6
		Lochkovian						410.8
Silurian	Pridoli							419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian						423
	Ludlow	Gorstian						425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian						427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian						430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian						433.4
		Aeronian						438.5
		Rhuddanian						440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian						Harju	Porkuni	443.8
		Katian							Pirgu	445.2
									Vormsi	449.6 *
									Nabala	Johvi †	450 *
								Viru	Rakvere		450.6 *
									Oandu		452 *
		Sandbian							Keila	Idavere †	453
									Haljala		453.9
				Kukruse					456.4 *
				Uhaku					Aluoja †	457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian		Uhaku						458.4
				Lasnamagi						458.9 *
				Aseri						460.4 *
				Oeland				Kunda		462.9 *
								Kunda	Valaste †/Hunderum	464.3 *
								Volkhov		Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian						Volkhov			467.3
		Dapingian						Billingen			469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian									470
									Latorp †		470.1 *
								Hunneberg			473.7 *
		Tremadocian						Hunneberg			477.7
								Varangu			481.3 *
								Pakerort			482.2 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10					485.4	Pakerort
								486.3 *
								486.5
		Jiangshanian						489.5
		Paibian						494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian						Series 3 †	497
		Drumian							500.5
		Wuliuan							Stage 5 †		504.5
														509