PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

Show more time

Show linear time

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Cenozoic Subepochs	Permian of North America		Cambrian of Australia	Mesozoic Subages		Devonian of Germany	Permian of the Pamirs	Silurian of North America
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene				Late Pleistocene											0.0117
		Chibanian				Middle Pleistocene											0.129
		Calabrian				Early Pleistocene											0.774
		Gelasian				Early Pleistocene											1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †			Late Pliocene											2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean				Early Pliocene											3.6
	Miocene	Messinian				Late Miocene											5.333
		Tortonian				Late Miocene											7.246
		Serravallian				Middle Miocene											11.63
		Langhian				Middle Miocene											13.82
		Burdigalian				Early Miocene											15.98
		Aquitanian				Early Miocene											20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian				Late Oligocene											23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian				Early Oligocene											27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian				Late Eocene											33.9
		Bartonian				Middle Eocene											37.71
		Lutetian				Middle Eocene											41.2
		Ypresian				Early Eocene											47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian				Late Paleocene											56
		Selandian				Middle Paleocene											59.2
		Danian				Early Paleocene											61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian								Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian							66
		Campanian								Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian							72.1
		Santonian								Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian							83.6
		Coniacian								Late Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian							86.3
		Turonian								Late Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian							89.8
		Cenomanian								Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian							93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian								Late Albian							100.5
										Middle Albian							106.2 *
										Early Albian							109.9 *
		Aptian								Late Aptian							113
		Aptian								Early Aptian							119.5 *
		Barremian								Late Barremian/Early Barremian							121.4
		Hauterivian								Late Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian							125.77
		Valanginian								Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian							132.6
		Berriasian								Late Berriasian							139.8
										Middle Berriasian							140.6 *
										Early Berriasian							142.7 *
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian								Late Tithonian	Middle Tithonian						145
		Tithonian								Early Tithonian	Middle Tithonian						146.3 *
		Kimmeridgian								Late Kimmeridgian							149.2
		Kimmeridgian								Early Kimmeridgian							152.2 *
		Oxfordian								Late Oxfordian	Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian						154.8
		Oxfordian									Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian						157.9 *
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian								Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian							161.5
		Bathonian								Late Bathonian/Middle Bathonian/Early Bathonian							165.3
		Bajocian								Late Bajocian							168.2
		Bajocian								Early Bajocian							168.6 *
		Aalenian								Late Aalenian/Middle Aalenian/Early Aalenian							170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian								Late Toarcian							174.7
										Middle Toarcian							180.4 *
										Early Toarcian							182.9 *
		Pliensbachian								Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian							184.2
		Sinemurian								Late Sinemurian/Early Sinemurian							192.9
		Hettangian								Late Hettangian/Middle Hettangian/Early Hettangian							199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian															201.4
		Norian								Sevatian							208.5
										Alaunian							213.2 *
										Lacian							216.7 *
		Carnian								Tuvalian							227
		Carnian								Julian							233.4 *
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian								Longobardian							237
		Ladinian								Fassanian							239.7 *
		Anisian								Illyrian							242
				Pelsonian	243.8 *
				Bithynian	244.7 *
				Aegean	245.5 *
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Spathian	247.2
		Olenekian		Smithian	248.9 *
		Induan		Dienerian	251.2
		Induan		Griesbachian	251.4 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian			Dorashamian		251.902
		Wuchiapingian			Longtanian †		Dzhulfian	254.14
		Wuchiapingian			Longtanian †		Dzhulfian	Tatarian	Vyatkian	256.8 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian					Capitanian		Midian	Severodvinian		259.51
		Wordian					Wordian		Midian	Urzhumian		264.28
		Wordian					Wordian		Murgabian	Urzhumian		266.2 *
		Roadian					Roadian	Kazanian		Povolzhian		266.9
		Roadian					Roadian	Kazanian		Sokian		270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian					Leonardian	Cathedralian	Kubergandian	Kungurian		Irenian/Ufimian	273.01
									Kubergandian			Filipovian	276.5 *
									Bolorian			Filipovian	279.8
												Saraninian	280.1 *
								Hessian				Saraninian	281.9 *
		Artinskian								Artinskian		Sarginian	283.5
			Irginian			285.9 *
						Yakhtashian			286
							Wolfcampian	Lenoxian	286.1 *
			Burtsevian						287.8 *
		Sakmarian	Sakmarian			Sakmarian			Sterlitamakian	290.1
		Sakmarian	Sakmarian			Sakmarian			Tastubian	291.7 *
		Asselian	Nealian			Asselian		Asselian	Shikhanian	293.52
									Uskalykian	294.8
									Surenian	297.5
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian								298.9
		Kasimovian								303.7
		Moscovian								307
		Bashkirian								315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian								323.2
		Visean								330.9
		Tournaisian								346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian								Wocklum/Dasberg/Hemberg/Nehden		358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian								Adorf		372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian								Givetian		382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian								Eifelian		387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian								Emsian		393.3
		Pragian								Siegen		407.6
		Lochkovian								Gedinnine		410.8
Silurian	Pridoli										Cayugan	419.2
	Pridoli										Niagaran	422.5 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian										423
	Ludlow	Gorstian										425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian										Lockportian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian											430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian										Ontarian	433.4
		Aeronian											438.5
													Alexandrian	438.7 *
											Medinan	Clinton		440.1 *
														440.7 *
		Rhuddanian												440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian												443.8
		Katian												445.2
		Sandbian												453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian												458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian												467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian												470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian												477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10												Datsonian	485.4
		Stage 10												Payntonian	486.8 *
		Jiangshanian												Iverian	489.5
		Paibian												Idamean	494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian												Series 3 †	Mindyallan	497
		Guzhangian													Boomerangian	499
		Drumian													Undillan	500.5
		Drumian													Floran	503
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †	Templetonian										504.5
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †	Ordian										507.8 *
	Series 2	Stage 4			Ordian										509
																	510.8 *