PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
M. Freudenthal. 2006. Mammal Paleogene zones. personal communication view
M. Harzhauser and W. E. Piller. 2004. Integrated stratigraphy of the Sarmatian (Upper Middle Miocene) in the western Central Paratethys. Stratigraphy 1(1):65-86 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Cenozoic Subepochs	Permian Subages of Germany	Cambrian of West Avalonia	Ordovician of Australia	Mammal Paleogene Zones		Cretaceous Subepochs	Central Paratethys Stages	Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan												Wanganui	Haweran	0
		Northgrippian														0.0042
		Greenlandian														0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene				Late Pleistocene										0.0117
		Chibanian				Middle Pleistocene										0.129
		Chibanian				Middle Pleistocene									Castlecliffian	0.34
		Calabrian				Early Pleistocene									Castlecliffian	0.774
		Calabrian													Nukumaruan	1.63
		Gelasian													Nukumaruan	1.8
		Gelasian													Mangapanian	2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †			Late Pliocene									Mangapanian	2.58
		Piacenzian				Late Pliocene									Waipipian	3
		Zanclean				Early Pliocene									Waipipian	3.6
		Zanclean				Early Pliocene									Opoitian	3.7
	Miocene	Messinian				Late Miocene								Taranaki	Kapitean	5.333
		Messinian													Tongaporutuan	7.2
		Tortonian											Pannonian		Tongaporutuan	7.246
		Tortonian											Pannonian	Southland	Waiauan	11.04
		Serravallian				Middle Miocene							Sarmatian			11.63
													Badenian			12.8 *
													Badenian		Lillburnian	13.05
		Langhian													Lillburnian	13.82
															Clifdenian	15.1
														Pareora	Altonian	15.9
		Burdigalian				Early Miocene									Altonian	15.98
		Burdigalian													Otaian	18.7
		Aquitanian													Otaian	20.44
		Aquitanian												Landon	Waitakian	21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian				Late Oligocene				MP 30/MP 29/MP 28/MP 27/MP 26	MP 25				Waitakian	23.03
															Duntroonian	25.2
															Whaingaroan	27.3
		Rupelian				Early Oligocene				MP 24/MP 23/MP 22/MP 21						27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian				Late Eocene				MP 20/MP 19/MP 18/MP 17B/MP 17A						33.9
														Arnold	Runangan	34.6
															Kaiatan	36.7
		Bartonian				Middle Eocene				MP 16					Kaiatan	37.71
		Bartonian								MP 16					Bortonian	39.1
		Lutetian								MP 15/MP 14/MP 13/MP 12/MP 11					Bortonian	41.2
														Dannevirke	Porangan	42.6
															Heretaungan	45.7
		Ypresian				Early Eocene				MP 10/MP 8 + 9/MP 7					Heretaungan	47.8
															Mangaorapan	48.9
															Waipawan	52
	Paleocene	Thanetian				Late Paleocene				MP 6	MP 1 - 5				Teurian	56
		Selandian				Middle Paleocene										59.2
		Danian				Early Paleocene										61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian										Senonian		Mata	Haumurian	66
		Campanian													Haumurian	72.1
		Santonian													Piripauan	83.6
		Santonian												Raukumara	Teratan	86.1
		Coniacian														86.3
		Turonian														89.8
															Mangaotanean	90.5
															Arowhanan	93.7
		Cenomanian													Arowhanan	93.9
														Clarence	Ngaterian	95.2
															Motuan	99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian										Gallic			Motuan	100.5
															Urutawan	103.3
														Taitai	Korangan	108.4
		Aptian													Korangan	113
		Aptian														117.5
		Barremian														121.4
		Hauterivian										Neocomian				125.77
		Valanginian		132.6
		Berriasian		139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian					145
		Kimmeridgian					149.2
		Oxfordian					154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian					161.5
		Bathonian					165.3
		Bajocian					168.2
		Aalenian					170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian					174.7
		Pliensbachian					184.2
		Sinemurian					192.9
		Hettangian					199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian					201.4
		Norian					208.5
		Carnian					227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian					237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian					242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian					247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan					251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian					Buntsandstein	Meishanian	251.902
		Changhsingian						Baoqingian	253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian						Longtanian †	Laoshanian			254.14
		Wuchiapingian						Longtanian †	Laibinian			257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian						Ohre/Aller	Lengwuan			259.51
		Wordian						Leine	Kuhfengian			264.28
		Roadian							Kuhfengian			266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian							Luodianian			273.01
		Artinskian							Luodianian			283.5
		Artinskian							Longlinian			285.4 *
		Sakmarian							Longlinian			290.1
		Asselian							Zisongian			293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian							Zisongian			298.9
		Gzhelian										300.1
		Kasimovian										303.7
		Moscovian										307
		Bashkirian										315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian										323.2
		Visean										330.9
		Tournaisian										346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian										358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian										372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian										382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian										387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian								393.3
		Pragian								407.6
		Lochkovian	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian	423
	Ludlow	Gorstian	425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian	430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	433.4
		Aeronian	438.5
		Rhuddanian	440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Bolindian			443.8
		Katian	Bolindian			445.2
			Eastonian			449 *
			Gisbornian			452 *
		Sandbian	Gisbornian			453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Darriwilian			458.4
		Dapingian	Yapeenian			467.3
		Dapingian	Castlemainian			468.5 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian	Chewtonian			470
			Bendigonian			471.8 *
			Lancefieldian			473.5 *
		Tremadocian	Lancefieldian	Ungurian	477.7
		Tremadocian	Warendian	Ungurian	482.8 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10		Batyrbaian	485.4
		Jiangshanian		Batyrbaian	489.5
				Aksaian	490.7 *
				Sakian	492.2 *
		Paibian		Sakian	494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian		Series 3 †	Ayusokkanian	497
					Ayusokkanian	Arcadian				498.4
										499.5
		Drumian			Zhanaarykian					500.5
		Drumian			Tuesaian					503
		Wuliuan			Tuesaian		Stage 5 †			504.5
		Wuliuan					Stage 5 †			505.3
	Series 2	Stage 4					Branchian			509
					Toyonian					510 *
					Botomian					512.5 *
		Stage 3			Botomian					514
					Atdabanian					515.6 *
					Atdabanian		Placentian			517.1
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2			Tommotian					521
		Stage 2								525.5
		Fortunian								529
																538.8