PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
A. G. Sennikov and V. K. Golubev. 2006. Vyazniki Biotic Assemblage of the Terminal Permian. Paleontological Journal 40(suppl. 4):S475-S481 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
M. Harzhauser and W. E. Piller. 2004. Integrated stratigraphy of the Sarmatian (Upper Middle Miocene) in the western Central Paratethys. Stratigraphy 1(1):65-86 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Cenozoic Subepochs	Permo-Triassic Subages of Eastern Europe	Ordovician of China			Carboniferous of China		Permian of Western Europe	Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand		Central Paratethys Stages	Devonian of Eastern North America
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene				Late Pleistocene													0.0117
		Chibanian				Middle Pleistocene													0.129
		Calabrian				Early Pleistocene													0.774
		Gelasian				Early Pleistocene													1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †			Late Pliocene													2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean				Early Pliocene													3.6
	Miocene	Messinian				Late Miocene													5.333
		Tortonian				Late Miocene										Pannonian			7.246
		Serravallian				Middle Miocene										Sarmatian			11.63
		Serravallian														Badenian			12.8 *
		Langhian																	13.82
		Burdigalian				Early Miocene													15.98
		Aquitanian				Early Miocene													20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian				Late Oligocene													23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian				Early Oligocene													27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian				Late Eocene													33.9
		Bartonian				Middle Eocene													37.71
		Lutetian				Middle Eocene													41.2
		Ypresian				Early Eocene													47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian				Late Paleocene													56
		Selandian				Middle Paleocene													59.2
		Danian				Early Paleocene													61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																	66
		Campanian																	72.1
		Santonian																	83.6
		Coniacian																	86.3
		Turonian																	89.8
		Cenomanian																	93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																	100.5
		Aptian																	113
		Barremian																	121.4
		Hauterivian																	125.77
		Valanginian																	132.6
		Berriasian																	139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian												Oteke	Puaroan				145
		Kimmeridgian												Oteke	Puaroan				149.2
														Kawhia	Ohauan				150
															Heterian				154.5
		Oxfordian																	154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																	161.5
		Callovian													Temaikan				164.3
		Bathonian																	165.3
		Bajocian																	168.2
		Aalenian																	170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian																	174.7
		Toarcian												Herangi	Ururoan				176
		Pliensbachian													Ururoan				184.2
		Pliensbachian													Aratauran				188.9
		Sinemurian																	192.9
		Hettangian																	199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian												Balfour	Otapirian				201.4
		Norian													Warepan				208.5
															Otamitan				217
															Oretian				221
		Carnian													Oretian				227
		Carnian												Gore	Kaihikuan				227.5
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian													Kaihikuan				237
		Ladinian													Etalian				238
		Anisian													Etalian				242
		Anisian													Malakovian				246
	Early Triassic	Olenekian					Vokhmian								Malakovian				247.2
		Olenekian													Nelsonian				249
		Induan													Nelsonian				251.2
		Induan												DUrville	Makarewan				251.5
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian			251.902										Makarewan
		Changhsingian			Waiitian		253.2
		Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †	Waiitian		Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian	Zechstein	254.14
		Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †	Puruhauan		Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian	Zechstein	254.2
	Guadalupian	Capitanian			Late Severodvinian/Early Severodvinian		Rotliegendes	Aparima	Flettian	259.51
		Wordian			Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian				Flettian	264.28
		Wordian			Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian				Barettian	266
		Roadian			Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian					266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian								273.01
		Kungurian							Mangapirian	276
		Artinskian					Autunian		Mangapirian	283.5
									Telfordian	285
										288.5
		Sakmarian								290.1
		Asselian								293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian								298.9
		Gzhelian								Xiaodushanian	300 *
		Kasimovian								Xiaodushanian	303.7
		Kasimovian								Dalaun	305.8 *
		Moscovian									307
		Bashkirian									315.2
										Huashibanian	318.5 *
			Lousuan			321.2 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Dewunian			323.2
		Serpukhovian	Shangsian			330.8 *
		Visean	Shangsian			330.9
		Visean	Jiusian			335 *
		Tournaisian	Tangbagouan			346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian				Conewangan/Conneautan/Canadaway				358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian				West Fallsian/Sonyean				372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian				Geneseean/Taghanican/Tioughniogan				Cazenovian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian				Southwoodian				Cazenovian	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian				Sawkillian/Deer Parkian				Helderbergian	393.3
		Pragian									407.6
		Lochkovian									410.8
Silurian	Pridoli									Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle	Whitcliffe/Leintwardine	419.2
	Pridoli									Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle	Bringewood/Elton	421.3
	Ludlow	Ludfordian								Coalbrookdale	Wenlock (England)/Tickwood	423
		Gorstian										425.6
		Gorstian									Buildwas	426.4 *
	Wenlock	Homerian									Buildwas	427.4
		Homerian								Wych	Woolhope	428.4 *
		Sheinwoodian										430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian										433.4
		Telychian										436.3 *
		Aeronian										438.5
		Aeronian								Cowleigh Park		439.3 *
		Rhuddanian								Cowleigh Park		440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian								Hirnantian		Xiaoxita †/Shikou	Wufeng †		443.8
		Katian								Chientangkiangian			Wufeng †		445.2
		Katian								Neichianshanian/Hanjiang					449.5
		Sandbian								Neichianshanian/Hanjiang					453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian								Darriwilian		Guniu †/Hulo			458.4
		Darriwilian								Darriwilian		Hunjiang †	Dawan †/Daobaowan/Ningkuo		466.3 *
		Dapingian								Dapingian					467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian								Yiyangian					470
		Tremadocian								Xinchangian					477.7
		Tremadocian								Xinchangian			Lianghekou †		477.9 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10													Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan	485.4
		Stage 10														Sunwaptan	487.5
		Jiangshanian														Sunwaptan	489.5
		Jiangshanian														Steptoean	493 *
		Paibian														Steptoean	494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian													Series 3 †	Marjumian	Albertian †	497
		Drumian														Marjumian		500.5
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †												Topazan		504.5
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †												Delamaran		506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4														Delamaran	Waucoban †	509
		Stage 4														Dyeran		511 *
		Stage 3														Dyeran		514
																Montezuman		514.8 *
																Begadean		519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2			521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian			529
																			538.8