PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
J. A. Lillegraven and M. C. McKenna. 1986. Fossil mammals from the "Mesaverde" Formation (Late Cretaceous, Judithian) of the Bighorn and Wind River basins, Wyoming, with definitions of Late Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal "Ages". American Museum Novitates 2840:1-68 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Cenozoic Subepochs	Mesozoic Subages		Cambrian of Australia	Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal Ages	Ordovician of North America
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene				Late Pleistocene									0.0117
		Chibanian				Middle Pleistocene									0.129
		Calabrian				Early Pleistocene									0.774
		Gelasian				Early Pleistocene									1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †			Late Pliocene									2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean				Early Pliocene									3.6
	Miocene	Messinian				Late Miocene									5.333
		Tortonian				Late Miocene									7.246
		Serravallian				Middle Miocene									11.63
		Langhian				Middle Miocene									13.82
		Burdigalian				Early Miocene									15.98
		Aquitanian				Early Miocene									20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian				Late Oligocene									23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian				Early Oligocene									27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian				Late Eocene									33.9
		Bartonian				Middle Eocene									37.71
		Lutetian				Middle Eocene									41.2
		Ypresian				Early Eocene									47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian				Late Paleocene									56
		Selandian				Middle Paleocene									59.2
		Danian				Early Paleocene									61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian					Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian			Lancian/Edmontonian					66
		Campanian					Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian			Judithian/Aquilan					72.1
		Santonian					Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian								83.6
		Coniacian					Late Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian								86.3
		Turonian					Late Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian								89.8
		Cenomanian					Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian								93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian					Late Albian								100.5
							Middle Albian								106.2 *
							Early Albian								109.9 *
		Aptian					Late Aptian								113
		Aptian					Early Aptian								119.5 *
		Barremian					Late Barremian/Early Barremian								121.4
		Hauterivian					Late Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian								125.77
		Valanginian					Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian								132.6
		Berriasian					Late Berriasian								139.8
							Middle Berriasian								140.6 *
							Early Berriasian								142.7 *
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian					Late Tithonian	Middle Tithonian							145
		Tithonian					Early Tithonian	Middle Tithonian							146.3 *
		Kimmeridgian					Late Kimmeridgian								149.2
		Kimmeridgian					Early Kimmeridgian								152.2 *
		Oxfordian					Late Oxfordian	Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian							154.8
		Oxfordian						Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian							157.9 *
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian					Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian								161.5
		Bathonian					Late Bathonian/Middle Bathonian/Early Bathonian								165.3
		Bajocian					Late Bajocian								168.2
		Bajocian					Early Bajocian								168.6 *
		Aalenian					Late Aalenian/Middle Aalenian/Early Aalenian								170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian					Late Toarcian								174.7
							Middle Toarcian								180.4 *
							Early Toarcian								182.9 *
		Pliensbachian					Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian								184.2
		Sinemurian					Late Sinemurian/Early Sinemurian								192.9
		Hettangian					Late Hettangian/Middle Hettangian/Early Hettangian								199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian													201.4
		Norian					Sevatian								208.5
							Alaunian								213.2 *
							Lacian								216.7 *
		Carnian					Tuvalian								227
		Carnian					Julian								233.4 *
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian					Longobardian								237
		Ladinian					Fassanian								239.7 *
		Anisian					Illyrian								242
				Pelsonian	243.8 *
				Bithynian	244.7 *
				Aegean	245.5 *
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		Spathian	247.2
		Olenekian		Smithian	248.9 *
		Induan		Dienerian	251.2
		Induan		Griesbachian	251.4 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian			Melekhovian		251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian					Longtanian †		254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian							259.51
		Wordian							264.28
		Wordian			Noginskian				264.9 *
		Roadian							266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian							273.01
		Kungurian			Pavlovoposadian				276.8 *
		Artinskian			Pavlovoposadian				283.5
		Artinskian			Rusavkinian				287.6 *
		Sakmarian							290.1
		Asselian							293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian							298.9
		Kasimovian			Dorogomilovian				303.7
			Khamovnikian		304.8
			Krevyakinian		305.8 *
		Moscovian	Myachkovian		307
			Podolskian		308.9 *
			Kashirian		311.4 *
			Vereian		313.8
			Melekessian		314.8
		Bashkirian	Melekessian		315.2
			Cheremshanian		316.9 *
			Prikamian		318.6 *
			Severokeltmian		319.9 *
			Krasnopolyanian		321.2 *
			Voznesenian		321.9 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Zapaltjubian		323.2
			Protvian		324.4 *
			Steshevian		326.8 *
			Tarusian		329 *
		Visean	Venevian		330.9
			Mikhailovian		331.9 *
			Aleksinian		333.7 *
			Tulian		335.8 *
			Bobrikian		339.9 *
			Radaevkian		343.4 *
		Tournaisian	Kosvian		346.7
			Kizelian		350.7 *
			Cherepetian		351.9 *
			Karakubian		354.4 *
			Upinian		356.3 *
			Malevkian		357.6 *
			Gumerovian		358 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian			358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian			372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian			382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian			387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian			393.3
		Pragian			407.6
		Lochkovian			410.8
Silurian	Pridoli				Cayugan	419.2
	Pridoli				Niagaran	422.5 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian				423
	Ludlow	Gorstian				425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian				Lockportian		427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian						430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian				Ontarian		433.4
		Aeronian						438.5
								Alexandrian	438.7 *
					Medinan	Clinton			440.1 *
									440.7 *
		Rhuddanian							440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian			Cincinnatian			Gamachian		443.8
		Katian		445.2				Gamachian
				Richmondian				446 *
				Maysvillian			Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
				Edenian				450.4 *
				Mohawkian	Chatfieldian			451.1 *
		Sandbian			Chatfieldian			453
					Turinian			453.7 *
				Whiterockian			Canadian †	Chazyan †/Marmor		457 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian								458.4
		Dapingian								467.3
		Dapingian			Rangerian					469.1 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian		Ibexian	Blackhillsian			Jeffersonian †		Cassinian †	470
		Floian			Tulean						473.9 *
		Tremadocian			Tulean						477.7
					Stairsian						480.3 *
					Skullrockian					Demingian †	482 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10					Datsonian					485.4
							Payntonian					486.8 *
							Payntonian					487.5
		Jiangshanian					Iverian					489.5
		Paibian					Idamean					494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian					Series 3 †					Mindyallan	497
		Guzhangian										Boomerangian	499
		Drumian										Undillan	500.5
		Drumian										Floran	503
		Wuliuan										Stage 5 †	Templetonian	504.5
		Wuliuan										Stage 5 †	Ordian	507.8 *
	Series 2	Stage 4											Ordian	509
															510.8 *