PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. Meng and M. C. McKenna. 1998. Faunal turnovers of Paleogene mammals from the Mongolian Plateau. Nature 394:364-367 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Cenozoic Subepochs	Ammonite Chrons of North America			Silurian Ages of Europe	Devonian of Czechoslovakia	Cambrian of Australia	Paleogene Mammal Ages of Asia		Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene				Late Pleistocene											0.0117
		Chibanian				Middle Pleistocene											0.129
		Calabrian				Early Pleistocene											0.774
		Gelasian				Early Pleistocene											1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †			Late Pliocene											2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean				Early Pliocene											3.6
	Miocene	Messinian				Late Miocene											5.333
		Tortonian				Late Miocene											7.246
		Serravallian				Middle Miocene											11.63
		Langhian				Middle Miocene											13.82
		Burdigalian				Early Miocene											15.98
		Aquitanian				Early Miocene											20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian				Late Oligocene							Tabenbulakian	Hsandagolian			23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian				Early Oligocene							Kekeamuan	Hsandagolian			27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian				Late Eocene							Houldjinian/Ergilian/Ulangochuian				33.9
		Bartonian				Middle Eocene							Sharamurunian/Irdinmanhan/Arshantan				37.71
		Lutetian				Middle Eocene											41.2
		Ypresian				Early Eocene								Bumbanian			47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian				Late Paleocene							Gashatan				56
		Selandian				Middle Paleocene											59.2
		Danian				Early Paleocene											61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian															66
		Campanian															72.1
		Santonian															83.6
		Coniacian															86.3
		Turonian															89.8
		Cenomanian															93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian															100.5
		Aptian															113
		Barremian															121.4
		Hauterivian															125.77
		Valanginian															132.6
		Berriasian															139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian													Oteke	Puaroan	145
		Kimmeridgian													Oteke	Puaroan	149.2
															Kawhia	Ohauan	150
																Heterian	154.5
		Oxfordian															154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian															161.5
		Callovian														Temaikan	164.3
		Bathonian															165.3
		Bajocian					Epizigzagiceras										168.2
		Bajocian					Rotundum/Oblatum/Kirschneri/Crassicostatus/Widebayense										168.4
		Aalenian					Howelli/Scissum/Westermanni										170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian					Yakounensis/Hillebrandti/Crassicosta										174.7
							Yakounensis/Hillebrandti/Crassicosta								Herangi	Ururoan	176
							Planulata										179.3 *
							Planulata		Arnioceras arnouldi								179.8 *
							Kanense										181.3 *
							Carlottense										182.3 *
							Kunae										183.5 *
		Pliensbachian					Kunae										184.2
							Freboldi										185.1 *
							Whiteavesi/Imlayi	Tetraspidoceras									186.2 *
							Whiteavesi/Imlayi									Aratauran	188.9
																	189.2 *
							Plesechioceras harbledownense/Asteroceras varians/Coroniceras	Canadensis									190.3 *
		Sinemurian															192.9
							Pseudaetomoceras		Psiloceras								196.4 *
							Franziceras/Euphyllites										196.5 *
		Hettangian					Franziceras/Euphyllites										199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian													Balfour	Otapirian	201.4
		Norian														Warepan	208.5
																Otamitan	217
				Oretian	221
		Carnian		Oretian	227
		Carnian		Gore	Kaihikuan					227.5
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian			Kaihikuan					237
		Ladinian			Etalian					238
		Anisian			Etalian					242
		Anisian			Malakovian					246
	Early Triassic	Olenekian			Malakovian					247.2
		Olenekian			Nelsonian					249
		Induan			Nelsonian					251.2
		Induan		DUrville	Makarewan					251.5
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian			Makarewan					251.902
		Changhsingian			Waiitian					253.2
		Wuchiapingian			Waiitian					Longtanian †	254.14
		Wuchiapingian			Puruhauan					Longtanian †	254.2
	Guadalupian	Capitanian			Aparima					Flettian	259.51
		Wordian								Flettian	264.28
		Wordian								Barettian	266
		Roadian									266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian									273.01
		Kungurian								Mangapirian	276
		Artinskian	283.5							Mangapirian
			Telfordian			285
						288.5
		Sakmarian				290.1
		Asselian				293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian				298.9
		Kasimovian				303.7
		Moscovian				307
		Bashkirian				315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian				323.2
		Visean				330.9
		Tournaisian				346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian				Famennian				358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian				Frasnian				372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian				Srbsko				Givetian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian				Chotec				Couvinien	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian				Daleje/Zlichovian					393.3
		Pragian				Pragian					407.6
		Pragian				Pragian				Coblencien	408.2 *
		Lochkovian				Lochkovian				Gedinnine	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli										419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian									423
	Ludlow	Gorstian									425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian									Gleedonian	427.4
		Homerian									Whitwellian	429.7 *
		Sheinwoodian										430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian										433.4
		Aeronian										438.5
		Rhuddanian										440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian										443.8
		Katian										445.2
		Sandbian										453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian										458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian										467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian										470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian										477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10										Datsonian	485.4
		Stage 10										Payntonian	486.8 *
		Jiangshanian						Iverian				489.5
		Paibian						Idamean				494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian					Series 3 †	Mindyallan	497
		Guzhangian						Boomerangian	499
		Drumian						Undillan	500.5
		Drumian						Floran	503
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †				Templetonian	504.5
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †				Ordian	507.8 *
	Series 2	Stage 4						Ordian	509
																	510.8 *