PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
J. A. Lillegraven and M. C. McKenna. 1986. Fossil mammals from the "Mesaverde" Formation (Late Cretaceous, Judithian) of the Bighorn and Wind River basins, Wyoming, with definitions of Late Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal "Ages". American Museum Novitates 2840:1-68 view
M. O. Woodburne. 1987. A prospectus of the North American Mammal Ages. In: Woodburne, M. O. (ed.), Cenozoic Mammals of North America. University of California Press, Berkelery, CA 285-290 view
J. Alroy. 2000. New methods for quantifying macroevolutionary patterns and processes. Paleobiology 26(4):707-733 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Cenozoic Subepochs	Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal Ages	Devonian of France	North American Mammal Subages/Zones			Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene				Late Pleistocene			Sheridanian					0.0117
		Chibanian				Middle Pleistocene			Sheridanian					0.129
		Chibanian				Middle Pleistocene			Cudahyan/Sappan					0.21
		Calabrian				Early Pleistocene			Cudahyan/Sappan					0.774
		Calabrian							Senecan/Rexroadian					1.4
		Gelasian												1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †			Late Pliocene								2.58
		Zanclean				Early Pliocene								3.6
		Zanclean				Early Pliocene			Late Hemphillian/late Early Hemphillian/early Early Hemphillian					4.7
	Miocene	Messinian				Late Miocene								5.333
		Tortonian												7.246
		Tortonian							Late Clarendonian/Early Clarendonian					9.4
		Serravallian				Middle Miocene			Late Clarendonian/Early Clarendonian					11.63
		Serravallian							late Late Barstovian/early Late Barstovian/Early Barstovian					12.5
		Langhian												13.82
		Burdigalian				Early Miocene								15.98
									Late Hemingfordian/Early Hemingfordian					16.3
									late Late Arikareean/early Late Arikareean/late Early Arikareean/early Early Arikareean	Harrisonian				18.5
		Aquitanian												20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian				Late Oligocene								23.03
										Monroecreekian				23.1 *
										Geringian				24.7 *
		Rupelian				Early Oligocene				Geringian				27.82
		Rupelian				Early Oligocene								29.5
	Eocene	Priabonian				Late Eocene			Late Chadronian/Middle Chadronian/Early Chadronian					33.9
		Priabonian				Late Eocene								37
		Bartonian				Middle Eocene								37.71
		Bartonian							Late Uintan/Early Uintan					39.7
		Lutetian							Late Uintan/Early Uintan					41.2
		Lutetian							Twinbuttean/Blacksforkian/Gardnerbuttian					46.2
		Ypresian				Early Eocene			Twinbuttean/Blacksforkian/Gardnerbuttian					47.8
									Lostcabinian/Lysitean/Graybullian/Sandcouleean					50.5
											Cf3/Cf2/Cf1			54.9
	Paleocene	Thanetian				Late Paleocene					Cf3/Cf2/Cf1			56
		Thanetian				Late Paleocene					Ti6/Ti5/Ti4/Ti3/Ti2/Ti1			56.2
		Selandian				Middle Paleocene					Ti6/Ti5/Ti4/Ti3/Ti2/Ti1			59.2
		Selandian				Middle Paleocene					To3/To2/To1			60.9
		Danian				Early Paleocene					To3/To2/To1			61.6
		Danian				Early Paleocene					Pu3/Pu2/Pu1			63.8
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian					Lancian/Edmontonian							66
		Campanian					Judithian/Aquilan							72.1
		Santonian												83.6
		Coniacian												86.3
		Turonian												89.8
		Cenomanian												93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian												100.5
		Aptian												113
		Barremian												121.4
		Hauterivian												125.77
		Valanginian												132.6
		Berriasian												139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian										Oteke	Puaroan	145
		Kimmeridgian										Oteke	Puaroan	149.2
												Kawhia	Ohauan	150
													Heterian	154.5
		Oxfordian												154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian												161.5
		Callovian											Temaikan	164.3
		Bathonian												165.3
		Bajocian												168.2
		Aalenian												170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian												174.7
		Toarcian										Herangi	Ururoan	176
		Pliensbachian											Ururoan	184.2
		Pliensbachian		Aratauran	188.9
		Sinemurian			192.9
		Hettangian			199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian		Balfour	Otapirian			201.4
		Norian			Warepan			208.5
					Otamitan			217
					Oretian			221
		Carnian			Oretian			227
		Carnian		Gore	Kaihikuan			227.5
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian			Kaihikuan			237
		Ladinian			Etalian			238
		Anisian			Etalian			242
		Anisian			Malakovian			246
	Early Triassic	Olenekian			Malakovian			247.2
		Olenekian			Nelsonian			249
		Induan			Nelsonian			251.2
		Induan		DUrville	Makarewan			251.5
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian			Makarewan			251.902
		Changhsingian			Waiitian			253.2
		Wuchiapingian			Waiitian			Longtanian †				254.14
		Wuchiapingian			Puruhauan			Longtanian †				254.2
	Guadalupian	Capitanian			Aparima			Flettian				259.51
		Wordian						Flettian				264.28
		Wordian						Barettian		266
		Roadian								266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian								273.01
		Kungurian						Mangapirian		276
		Artinskian						Mangapirian		283.5
								Telfordian		285
										288.5
		Sakmarian								290.1
		Asselian								293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian							298.9
		Kasimovian							303.7
		Moscovian							307
		Bashkirian							315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian							323.2
		Visean							330.9
		Tournaisian							346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Famennian			358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	Frasnian			372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Givetian			382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	Couvinien			387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian				393.3
		Pragian				407.6
		Pragian	Coblencien			408.2 *
		Lochkovian	Gedinnine			410.8
Silurian	Pridoli					419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian				423
	Ludlow	Gorstian				425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian				427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian				430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian				433.4
		Aeronian				438.5
		Rhuddanian				440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian				443.8
		Katian				445.2
		Sandbian				453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian				458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian				467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian				470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian				477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10				485.4
		Jiangshanian				489.5
		Paibian				494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian				Series 3 †	497
		Drumian					500.5
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †			504.5
														509