PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. F. Steininger, W. A. Berggren, D. V. Kent, R. L. Bernor, S. Sen and J. Agusti. 1996. Circum-Mediterranean Neogene (Miocene and Pliocene) marine-continental chronologic correlations of European mammal units. The Evolution of Western Eurasian Neogene Mammal Faunas (eds. R. L. Bernor, V. Fahlbusch, and H.-W. Mittmann) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. J. Prevosti, C. O. Romano, A. M. Forasiepi, S. Hemming, R. Bonini, A. M. Candela, E. Cerdeño, M. C. Madozzo Jaén, P. E. Ortiz, F. Pujos, L. Rasia, G. I. Schmidt, M. Taglioretti, R. D. E. MacPhee, and U. F. J. Pardiñas. 2021. New radiometric 40Ar–39Ar dates and faunistic analyses refine evolutionary dynamics of Neogene vertebrate assemblages in southern South America. Scientific Reports 2021(11):9830 view
J. J. Flynn and C. C. Swisher, III. 1995. Cenozoic South American Land Mammal Ages: correlation to global geochronology. Geochronology Time Scales and Global Stratigraphic Correlation, SEPM Special Publication 54:317-333 view
M. Harzhauser and W. E. Piller. 2004. Integrated stratigraphy of the Sarmatian (Upper Middle Miocene) in the western Central Paratethys. Stratigraphy 1(1):65-86 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Cambrian of Britain		European Faunal Units	Carboniferous Subepochs	South American Land Mammal Ages		Central Paratethys Stages	Ordovician of the Baltic				Devonian Subages	Silurian of the Baltic
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene								Lujanian									0.0117
		Chibanian								Lujanian									0.129
		Chibanian								Ensenadan									0.3 *
		Calabrian								Ensenadan									0.774
		Calabrian								Sanandresian	Uquian †								1.7 *
		Gelasian								Sanandresian									1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †					Villanyian		Vorohuean									2.58
								Villanyian		Chapadmalalan									2.9 *
								Ruscinian											3.1 *
		Zanclean																	3.6
										Montehermosan									3.7 *
										Huayquerian									4.9 *
	Miocene	Messinian						Turolian											5.333
		Tortonian										Pannonian							7.246
										Chasicoan									7.9 *
								Vallesian		Chasicoan									8.7
										Mayoan									9.9 *
										Laventan									10.9 *
		Serravallian						Astaracian				Sarmatian							11.63
												Badenian							12.8 *
										Colloncuran		Badenian							13.7 *
		Langhian								Colloncuran									13.82
		Langhian								Friasian									15.4 *
		Burdigalian						Orleanian		Friasian									15.98
										Santacrucian									16.2 *
										Colhuehuapian									17.4 *
								Agenian											20
		Aquitanian																	20.44
		Aquitanian								Deseadan									20.9 *
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																	23.03
		Rupelian																	27.82
		Rupelian								Tinguirirican									28.9 *
	Eocene	Priabonian								Tinguirirican									33.9
		Priabonian								Divisaderan									35.9 *
		Bartonian																	37.71
		Lutetian																	41.2
		Lutetian								Mustersan									41.9 *
		Ypresian								Mustersan									47.8
		Ypresian								Casamayoran									47.9 *
	Paleocene	Thanetian								Riochican									56
										Itaboraian									56.9 *
										Peligran									58.9 *
		Selandian																	59.2
		Danian																	61.6
		Danian								Tiupampan									62.4 *
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																	66
		Campanian																	72.1
		Santonian																	83.6
		Coniacian																	86.3
		Turonian																	89.8
		Cenomanian																	93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																	100.5
		Aptian																	113
		Barremian																	121.4
		Hauterivian																	125.77
		Valanginian																	132.6
		Berriasian																	139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian																	145
		Kimmeridgian																	149.2
		Oxfordian																	154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																	161.5
		Bathonian																	165.3
		Bajocian																	168.2
		Aalenian																	170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian		174.7
		Pliensbachian		184.2
		Sinemurian		192.9
		Hettangian		199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian		201.4
		Norian		208.5
		Carnian		227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian		242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan		251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian			259.51
		Wordian			264.28
		Roadian			266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian			273.01
		Artinskian			283.5
		Sakmarian			290.1
		Asselian			293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian			Late Pennsylvanian	298.9
		Kasimovian			Late Pennsylvanian	303.7
		Moscovian			Middle Pennsylvanian	307
		Bashkirian			Early Pennsylvanian	315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian			Late Mississippian	323.2
		Visean			Middle Mississippian	330.9
		Tournaisian			Early Mississippian	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian				Late Famennian	358.9
						Middle Famennian	365.3 *
						Early Famennian	368.5 *
		Frasnian				Late Frasnian	372.2
						Middle Frasnian	375.4 *
						Early Frasnian	379.3 *
	Middle Devonian	Givetian				Late Givetian	382.7
						Middle Givetian	383.7 *
						Early Givetian	385.9 *
		Eifelian				Late Eifelian	387.7
		Eifelian				Early Eifelian	390.3 *
	Early Devonian	Emsian				Late Emsian	393.3
		Emsian				Early Emsian	398.3 *
		Pragian				Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian				Late Lochkovian	410.8
						Middle Lochkovian	412.8 *
						Early Lochkovian	415.6 *
Silurian	Pridoli						Ohesaare	419.2
	Pridoli		Kaugetuma				421.7 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian	Kuressaare				423
		Ludfordian	Paadla				423.4 *
		Gorstian	Paadla				425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian	Rootsikula				427.4
		Homerian	Jaagarahu				429.2 *
		Sheinwoodian	Jaagarahu				430.5
		Sheinwoodian	Jaani				431.8 *
	Llandovery	Telychian	Jaani				433.4
		Telychian	Adavere				434 *
		Aeronian	Adavere				438.5
		Aeronian	Raikkula				439.4 *
		Rhuddanian	Raikkula				440.8
		Rhuddanian	Juuru				441.4 *
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Harju				Porkuni		Cincinnatian	Gamachian	443.8
		Katian					Pirgu			Gamachian	445.2
							Pirgu			Richmondian	446 *
							Vormsi			Richmondian	449.6 *
							Vormsi			Maysvillian	Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
							Nabala			Maysvillian		Johvi †	450 *
							Nabala			Edenian			450.4 *
			Viru				Rakvere			Edenian			450.6 *
							Rakvere		Mohawkian	Chatfieldian			451.1 *
							Oandu						452 *
		Sandbian					Keila					Idavere †	453
							Keila			Turinian			453.7 *
							Haljala						453.9
							Kukruse						456.4 *
							Kukruse		Whiterockian		Canadian †		Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
							Uhaku					Aluoja †		457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian					Uhaku							458.4
							Lasnamagi							458.9 *
				Aseri			460.4 *
			Oeland	Kunda			462.9 *
				Kunda			Valaste †/Hunderum					464.3 *
				Volkhov								Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka		467.1 *
		Dapingian												467.3
										Rangerian				469.1 *
				Billingen						Rangerian				469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian							Ibexian	Blackhillsian			Jeffersonian †	Cassinian †	470
							Latorp †								470.1 *
				Hunneberg											473.7 *
										Tulean					473.9 *
		Tremadocian								Tulean					477.7
										Stairsian					480.3 *
				Varangu						Stairsian					481.3 *
				Varangu	Skullrockian					Demingian †				482 *
				Pakerort						Demingian †				482.2 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10		Pakerort			Merioneth			Dolgellian/Trempealeauan						485.4
																486.3 *
																486.5
																487.5
										Festiniogian						489.2 *
		Jiangshanian								Festiniogian						489.5
		Jiangshanian								Maentwrogian						493.1 *
		Paibian								Maentwrogian						494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian					Series 3 †			St Davids							497
		Drumian															500.5
		Wuliuan															Stage 5 †	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4															Caerfai	509
	Series 2	Stage 3																514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2																521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian																529
																			538.8