PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
A. D. Barnosky, M. Holmes, R. Kirchholtes, E. Lindsey, K.C. Maguire, A.W. Poust, M.A. Stegner, J. Sunseri, B. Swartz, J. Swift, N.A. Villavicencio and G. Wogan. 2014. Prelude to the Anthropocene: Two new North American Land Mammal Ages (NALMAs). The Anthropocene Review I(3):225-242 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Cambrian of Britain		Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand		North American Land Mammal Ages	Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan								Saintaugustinean	Wanganui	Haweran	0
		Meghalayan								Santarosean			0.0004
		Northgrippian											0.0042
		Greenlandian											0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene											0.0117
		Late Pleistocene								Rancholabrean			0.014
		Chibanian								Rancholabrean			0.129
										Irvingtonian			0.21
												Castlecliffian	0.34
		Calabrian											0.774
										Blancan			1.4
												Nukumaruan	1.63
		Gelasian										Nukumaruan	1.8
		Gelasian										Mangapanian	2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †									Mangapanian	2.58
		Piacenzian										Waipipian	3
		Zanclean										Waipipian	3.6
												Opoitian	3.7
										Hemphillian		Opoitian	4.7
	Miocene	Messinian									Taranaki	Kapitean	5.333
		Messinian										Tongaporutuan	7.2
		Tortonian											7.246
										Clarendonian			9.4
											Southland	Waiauan	11.04
		Serravallian											11.63
										Barstovian			12.5
												Lillburnian	13.05
		Langhian										Lillburnian	13.82
												Clifdenian	15.1
											Pareora	Altonian	15.9
		Burdigalian											15.98
										Hemingfordian			16.3
										Arikareean			18.5
												Otaian	18.7
		Aquitanian										Otaian	20.44
		Aquitanian									Landon	Waitakian	21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian										Waitakian	23.03
												Duntroonian	25.2
												Whaingaroan	27.3
		Rupelian											27.82
										Whitneyan			29.5
										Orellan			31.8
	Eocene	Priabonian								Chadronian			33.9
											Arnold	Runangan	34.6
												Kaiatan	36.7
										Duchesnean			37
		Bartonian											37.71
												Bortonian	39.1
										Uintan			39.7
		Lutetian											41.2
											Dannevirke	Porangan	42.6
												Heretaungan	45.7
										Bridgerian			46.2
		Ypresian											47.8
												Mangaorapan	48.9
										Wasatchian		Mangaorapan	50.5
										Wasatchian		Waipawan	52
										Clarkforkian		Waipawan	54.9
	Paleocene	Thanetian								Clarkforkian		Teurian	56
		Thanetian								Tiffanian			56.2
		Selandian								Tiffanian			59.2
		Selandian								Torrejonian			60.9
		Danian								Torrejonian			61.6
		Danian								Puercan			63.8
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian			Mata	Haumurian	66
		Campanian				Haumurian	72.1
		Santonian				Piripauan	83.6
		Santonian			Raukumara	Teratan	86.1
		Coniacian					86.3
		Turonian					89.8
						Mangaotanean	90.5
						Arowhanan	93.7
		Cenomanian				Arowhanan	93.9
					Clarence	Ngaterian	95.2
						Motuan	99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian				Motuan	100.5
						Urutawan	103.3
					Taitai	Korangan	108.4
		Aptian				Korangan	113
		Aptian					117.5
		Barremian					121.4
		Hauterivian					125.77
		Valanginian					132.6
		Berriasian					139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian			Oteke		Puaroan		145
		Kimmeridgian			Oteke		Puaroan		149.2
					Kawhia		Ohauan		150
							Heterian		154.5
		Oxfordian							154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian							161.5
		Callovian					Temaikan		164.3
		Bathonian							165.3
		Bajocian							168.2
		Aalenian							170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian							174.7
		Toarcian			Herangi		Ururoan		176
		Pliensbachian					Ururoan		184.2
		Pliensbachian					Aratauran		188.9
		Sinemurian							192.9
		Hettangian							199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian			Balfour		Otapirian		201.4
		Norian					Warepan		208.5
							Otamitan		217
							Oretian		221
		Carnian					Oretian		227
		Carnian			Gore		Kaihikuan		227.5
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian					Kaihikuan		237
		Ladinian					Etalian		238
		Anisian					Etalian		242
		Anisian					Malakovian		246
	Early Triassic	Olenekian					Malakovian		247.2
		Olenekian					Nelsonian		249
		Induan					Nelsonian		251.2
		Induan			DUrville		Makarewan		251.5
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian					Makarewan		251.902
		Changhsingian					Waiitian		253.2
		Wuchiapingian					Waiitian		Longtanian †	254.14
		Wuchiapingian					Puruhauan		Longtanian †	254.2
	Guadalupian	Capitanian					Aparima		Flettian	259.51
		Wordian							Flettian	264.28
		Wordian							Barettian	266
		Roadian								266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian								273.01
		Kungurian							Mangapirian	276
		Artinskian							Mangapirian	283.5
									Telfordian	285
										288.5
		Sakmarian								290.1
		Asselian	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian	298.9
		Kasimovian	303.7
		Moscovian	307
		Bashkirian	315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	323.2
		Visean	330.9
		Tournaisian	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	Late Famennian	358.9
			Middle Famennian	365.3 *
			Early Famennian	368.5 *
		Frasnian	Late Frasnian	372.2
			Middle Frasnian	375.4 *
			Early Frasnian	379.3 *
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Late Givetian	382.7
			Middle Givetian	383.7 *
			Early Givetian	385.9 *
		Eifelian	Late Eifelian	387.7
		Eifelian	Early Eifelian	390.3 *
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Late Emsian	393.3
		Emsian	Early Emsian	398.3 *
		Pragian	Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian	Late Lochkovian	410.8
			Middle Lochkovian	412.8 *
			Early Lochkovian	415.6 *
Silurian	Pridoli			419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian		423
	Ludlow	Gorstian		425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian		427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian		430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian		433.4
		Aeronian		438.5
		Rhuddanian		440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian		443.8
		Katian		445.2
		Sandbian		453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian		458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian		467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian		470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian		477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10		Merioneth		Dolgellian/Trempealeauan		485.4
		Stage 10				Festiniogian		489.2 *
		Jiangshanian				Festiniogian		489.5
		Jiangshanian				Maentwrogian		493.1 *
		Paibian				Maentwrogian		494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian		Series 3 †		St Davids				497
		Drumian								500.5
		Wuliuan			Stage 5 †					504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4				Caerfai				509
	Series 2	Stage 3								514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2								521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian								529
													538.8