PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
F. J. Prevosti, C. O. Romano, A. M. Forasiepi, S. Hemming, R. Bonini, A. M. Candela, E. Cerdeño, M. C. Madozzo Jaén, P. E. Ortiz, F. Pujos, L. Rasia, G. I. Schmidt, M. Taglioretti, R. D. E. MacPhee, and U. F. J. Pardiñas. 2021. New radiometric 40Ar–39Ar dates and faunistic analyses refine evolutionary dynamics of Neogene vertebrate assemblages in southern South America. Scientific Reports 2021(11):9830 view
J. J. Flynn and C. C. Swisher, III. 1995. Cenozoic South American Land Mammal Ages: correlation to global geochronology. Geochronology Time Scales and Global Stratigraphic Correlation, SEPM Special Publication 54:317-333 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Cambrian of Britain		Cenozoic Subepochs	Carboniferous of Western Europe		Ordovician of the Baltic			South American Land Mammal Ages
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene						Late Pleistocene						Lujanian		0.0117
		Chibanian						Middle Pleistocene						Lujanian		0.129
		Chibanian						Middle Pleistocene						Ensenadan		0.3 *
		Calabrian						Early Pleistocene						Ensenadan		0.774
		Calabrian												Sanandresian	Uquian †	1.7 *
		Gelasian												Sanandresian		1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †					Late Pliocene						Vorohuean		2.58
		Piacenzian						Late Pliocene						Chapadmalalan		2.9 *
		Zanclean						Early Pliocene						Chapadmalalan		3.6
														Montehermosan		3.7 *
														Huayquerian		4.9 *
	Miocene	Messinian						Late Miocene								5.333
		Tortonian														7.246
														Chasicoan		7.9 *
														Mayoan		9.9 *
														Laventan		10.9 *
		Serravallian						Middle Miocene						Laventan		11.63
		Serravallian												Colloncuran		13.7 *
		Langhian												Colloncuran		13.82
		Langhian												Friasian		15.4 *
		Burdigalian						Early Miocene						Friasian		15.98
														Santacrucian		16.2 *
														Colhuehuapian		17.4 *
		Aquitanian												Colhuehuapian		20.44
		Aquitanian												Deseadan		20.9 *
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian						Late Oligocene								23.03
		Rupelian						Early Oligocene								27.82
		Rupelian						Early Oligocene						Tinguirirican		28.9 *
	Eocene	Priabonian						Late Eocene						Tinguirirican		33.9
		Priabonian						Late Eocene						Divisaderan		35.9 *
		Bartonian						Middle Eocene								37.71
		Lutetian														41.2
		Lutetian												Mustersan		41.9 *
		Ypresian						Early Eocene						Mustersan		47.8
		Ypresian						Early Eocene						Casamayoran		47.9 *
	Paleocene	Thanetian						Late Paleocene						Riochican		56
														Itaboraian		56.9 *
														Peligran		58.9 *
		Selandian						Middle Paleocene								59.2
		Danian						Early Paleocene								61.6
		Danian						Early Paleocene						Tiupampan		62.4 *
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian														66
		Campanian														72.1
		Santonian														83.6
		Coniacian														86.3
		Turonian														89.8
		Cenomanian														93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian														100.5
		Aptian														113
		Barremian														121.4
		Hauterivian														125.77
		Valanginian														132.6
		Berriasian														139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian														145
		Kimmeridgian														149.2
		Oxfordian														154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian														161.5
		Bathonian														165.3
		Bajocian														168.2
		Aalenian														170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian														174.7
		Pliensbachian														184.2
		Sinemurian														192.9
		Hettangian														199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian		201.4
		Norian		208.5
		Carnian		227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian		242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan		251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		251.902
		Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †	254.14
		Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †	Tatarian	Vyatkian	256.8 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian				Severodvinian	259.51
		Wordian				Urzhumian	264.28
		Roadian			Kazanian	Povolzhian	266.9
		Roadian			Kazanian	Sokian	270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian			Kungurian	Irenian/Ufimian	273.01
						Filipovian	276.5 *
						Saraninian	280.1 *
		Artinskian			Artinskian	Sarginian	283.5
						Irginian	285.9 *
						Burtsevian	287.8 *
		Sakmarian			Sakmarian	Sterlitamakian	290.1
		Sakmarian			Sakmarian	Tastubian	291.7 *
		Asselian			Asselian	Shikhanian	293.52
						Uskalykian	294.8
						Surenian	297.5
						Surenian	Kuzel		297.7
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian					Kuzel		298.9
							Stephanian		Stephanian C	300.3 *
									Stephanian B	300.9 *
									Stephanian A	301.4 *
		Kasimovian							Stephanian A	303.7
		Kasimovian							Cantabrian	305 *
		Moscovian							Cantabrian	307
							Westphalian		Westphalian D	307.4 *
									Westphalian C	309.8
									Westphalian B	314.6
		Bashkirian							Westphalian B	315.2
									Westphalian A	317 *
							Namurian		Yeadonian	318.8 *
									Marsdenian	320.2 *
									Kinderscoutian	321.5 *
			Alportian					322 *
			Chokierian					323.1 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Chokierian					323.2
			Arnsbergian					324 *
			Pendleian					327.4 *
		Visean	Warnantian				Brigantian †	330.9
			Livian				Asbian †	336.3 *
			Moliniacian				Holkerian †/Arundian/Chadian	340.2 *
		Tournaisian	Ivorian					346.7
		Tournaisian	Hastarian					353.7 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian						358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian						372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian						382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian						387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian						393.3
		Pragian						407.6
		Lochkovian						410.8
Silurian	Pridoli							419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian						423
	Ludlow	Gorstian						425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian						427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian						430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian						433.4
		Aeronian						438.5
		Rhuddanian						440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian						Harju	Porkuni	443.8
		Katian							Pirgu	445.2
									Vormsi	449.6 *
									Nabala	Johvi †	450 *
								Viru	Rakvere		450.6 *
									Oandu		452 *
		Sandbian							Keila	Idavere †	453
									Haljala		453.9
				Kukruse					456.4 *
				Uhaku					Aluoja †	457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian		Uhaku						458.4
				Lasnamagi						458.9 *
				Aseri						460.4 *
				Oeland				Kunda		462.9 *
								Kunda	Valaste †/Hunderum	464.3 *
								Volkhov		Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian						Volkhov			467.3
		Dapingian						Billingen			469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian									470
									Latorp †		470.1 *
								Hunneberg			473.7 *
		Tremadocian						Hunneberg			477.7
								Varangu			481.3 *
								Pakerort			482.2 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10			Merioneth	Dolgellian/Trempealeauan		Pakerort			485.4
											486.3 *
											486.5
						Festiniogian					489.2 *
		Jiangshanian				Festiniogian					489.5
		Jiangshanian				Maentwrogian					493.1 *
		Paibian				Maentwrogian					494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian			Series 3 †	St Davids						497
		Drumian										500.5
		Wuliuan										Stage 5 †	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4										Caerfai	509
	Series 2	Stage 3											514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2											521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian											529
																538.8