PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
A. D. Barnosky, M. Holmes, R. Kirchholtes, E. Lindsey, K.C. Maguire, A.W. Poust, M.A. Stegner, J. Sunseri, B. Swartz, J. Swift, N.A. Villavicencio and G. Wogan. 2014. Prelude to the Anthropocene: Two new North American Land Mammal Ages (NALMAs). The Anthropocene Review I(3):225-242 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Cambrian of Britain		Ordovician of Britain				Cenozoic Subepochs	Devonian Subages	North American Land Mammal Ages	Carboniferous of China	Permian of the Salt Range	Ordovician of Ibero-Bohemia				Ordovician of North America
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan												Saintaugustinean								0
		Meghalayan												Santarosean								0.0004
		Northgrippian																				0.0042
		Greenlandian																				0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene										Late Pleistocene										0.0117
		Late Pleistocene										Late Pleistocene		Rancholabrean								0.014
		Chibanian										Middle Pleistocene		Rancholabrean								0.129
		Chibanian										Middle Pleistocene		Irvingtonian								0.21
		Calabrian										Early Pleistocene		Irvingtonian								0.774
		Calabrian												Blancan								1.4
		Gelasian																				1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †									Late Pliocene										2.58
		Zanclean										Early Pliocene										3.6
		Zanclean										Early Pliocene		Hemphillian								4.7
	Miocene	Messinian										Late Miocene										5.333
		Tortonian																				7.246
		Tortonian												Clarendonian								9.4
		Serravallian										Middle Miocene		Clarendonian								11.63
		Serravallian												Barstovian								12.5
		Langhian																				13.82
		Burdigalian										Early Miocene										15.98
														Hemingfordian								16.3
														Arikareean								18.5
		Aquitanian																				20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian										Late Oligocene										23.03
		Rupelian										Early Oligocene										27.82
														Whitneyan								29.5
														Orellan								31.8
	Eocene	Priabonian										Late Eocene		Chadronian								33.9
		Priabonian										Late Eocene		Duchesnean								37
		Bartonian										Middle Eocene		Duchesnean								37.71
		Bartonian												Uintan								39.7
		Lutetian												Uintan								41.2
		Lutetian												Bridgerian								46.2
		Ypresian										Early Eocene		Bridgerian								47.8
														Wasatchian								50.5
														Clarkforkian								54.9
	Paleocene	Thanetian										Late Paleocene		Clarkforkian								56
		Thanetian										Late Paleocene		Tiffanian								56.2
		Selandian										Middle Paleocene		Tiffanian								59.2
		Selandian										Middle Paleocene		Torrejonian								60.9
		Danian										Early Paleocene		Torrejonian								61.6
		Danian										Early Paleocene		Puercan								63.8
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																				66
		Campanian																				72.1
		Santonian																				83.6
		Coniacian																				86.3
		Turonian																				89.8
		Cenomanian																				93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																				100.5
		Aptian																				113
		Barremian																				121.4
		Hauterivian																				125.77
		Valanginian																				132.6
		Berriasian																				139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian																				145
		Kimmeridgian																				149.2
		Oxfordian																				154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																				161.5
		Bathonian																				165.3
		Bajocian																				168.2
		Aalenian																				170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian																				174.7
		Pliensbachian																				184.2
		Sinemurian		192.9
		Hettangian		199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian		201.4
		Norian		208.5
		Carnian		227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian		242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		247.2
		Induan		251.2
		Induan		Kathwai	251.5 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		Kathwai	251.902
					252.4 *
				Chhidru	252.9 *
		Wuchiapingian		Chhidru	Longtanian †	254.14
				Kalabagh		255 *
				Wargal		256 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian				259.51
		Wordian				264.28
						265.3 *
				Amb		266.1 *
		Roadian		Amb		266.9
		Roadian				270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian				273.01
		Artinskian				283.5
		Sakmarian				290.1
		Asselian				293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian				Mapingian †	298.9
		Gzhelian					Xiaodushanian	300 *
		Kasimovian					Xiaodushanian	303.7
							Dalaun	305.8 *
								305.9
		Moscovian						307
		Bashkirian						315.2
							Huashibanian	318.5 *
							Lousuan	321.2 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian					Dewunian	323.2
		Serpukhovian					Shangsian	330.8 *
		Visean					Shangsian	330.9
		Visean					Jiusian	335 *
		Tournaisian					Tangbagouan	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian					Late Famennian		358.9
							Middle Famennian		365.3 *
							Early Famennian		368.5 *
		Frasnian	Late Frasnian				372.2
			Middle Frasnian				375.4 *
			Early Frasnian				379.3 *
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	Late Givetian				382.7
			Middle Givetian				383.7 *
			Early Givetian				385.9 *
		Eifelian	Late Eifelian				387.7
		Eifelian	Early Eifelian				390.3 *
	Early Devonian	Emsian	Late Emsian				393.3
		Emsian	Early Emsian				398.3 *
		Pragian	Pragian				407.6
		Lochkovian	Late Lochkovian				410.8
			Middle Lochkovian				412.8 *
			Early Lochkovian				415.6 *
Silurian	Pridoli						419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian					423
	Ludlow	Gorstian					425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian					427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian					430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian					433.4
		Aeronian					438.5
		Rhuddanian					440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian					Ashgill		Hirnantian	Kosovian	Cincinnatian	Gamachian	443.8
		Katian							Rawtheyan	Kralodvorian		Gamachian	Bohdalec †	445.2
									Rawtheyan			Richmondian		446 *
									Cautleyan					448.9 *
									Pusgillian					449.3 *
							Caradoc		Streffordian					Onnian †	449.6 *
										Berounian					449.7 *
												Maysvillian			Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
												Edenian				450.4 *
											Mohawkian	Chatfieldian				451.1 *
									Cheneyan							451.5 *
									Burrellian							452.7 *
		Sandbian														453
														Actonian †		453.2 *
												Turinian		Actonian †		453.7 *
					Marshbrookian †									Woolstonian †		454.2 *
					Longvillian †											455.2 *
																Zahorany †/Vinice	Letna †	456.2 *
									Aurelucian									456.8 *
											Whiterockian				Canadian †			Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
				Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian										457.4 *
				Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian									Liben †			458 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian		Llanvirn			Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn									458.4
										Dobrotivian						458.5 *
										Oretanian						459.7 *
							Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn									461.3 *
													Sarka †				461.7 *
		Dapingian											Klabava †				467.3
										Arenigian							468
				Arenig		Fennian	468.4 *
							Rangerian					469.1 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian					Ibexian				Blackhillsian	Jeffersonian †					Cassinian †	470
						Whitlandian					Blackhillsian							471.1 *
						Whitlandian					Tulean							473.9 *
						Moridunian												474.3 *
		Tremadocian		Tremadoc		Migneintian				Tremadocian								477.7
						Migneintian					Stairsian							480.3 *
						Cressagian					Stairsian							480.8 *
						Cressagian					Skullrockian						Demingian †	482 *
								485 *									Demingian †
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10						Merioneth		Dolgellian/Trempealeauan									485.4
										Dolgellian/Trempealeauan									487.5
										Festiniogian									489.2 *
		Jiangshanian								Festiniogian									489.5
		Jiangshanian								Maentwrogian									493.1 *
		Paibian								Maentwrogian									494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian						Series 3 †		St Davids										497
		Drumian																		500.5
		Wuliuan																		Stage 5 †	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4																		Caerfai	509
	Series 2	Stage 3																			514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2																			521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian																			529
																						538.8