PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
A. G. Sennikov and V. K. Golubev. 2006. Vyazniki Biotic Assemblage of the Terminal Permian. Paleontological Journal 40(suppl. 4):S475-S481 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
D. H. Erwin and S. A. Bowring. 2004. Cambrian time scale. view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Cambrian of Britain		Permian Subages of Germany	Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand		Cenozoic Subepochs	Permo-Triassic Subages of Eastern Europe	Cambrian of China		Cambrian of Siberia			Cretaceous Subepochs	Ordovician of Britain
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene									Late Pleistocene									0.0117
		Chibanian									Middle Pleistocene									0.129
		Calabrian									Early Pleistocene									0.774
		Gelasian									Early Pleistocene									1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †								Late Pliocene									2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean									Early Pliocene									3.6
	Miocene	Messinian									Late Miocene									5.333
		Tortonian									Late Miocene									7.246
		Serravallian									Middle Miocene									11.63
		Langhian									Middle Miocene									13.82
		Burdigalian									Early Miocene									15.98
		Aquitanian									Early Miocene									20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian									Late Oligocene									23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian									Early Oligocene									27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian									Late Eocene									33.9
		Bartonian									Middle Eocene									37.71
		Lutetian									Middle Eocene									41.2
		Ypresian									Early Eocene									47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian									Late Paleocene									56
		Selandian									Middle Paleocene									59.2
		Danian									Early Paleocene									61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																Senonian		66
		Campanian																		72.1
		Santonian																		83.6
		Coniacian																		86.3
		Turonian																		89.8
		Cenomanian																		93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																Gallic		100.5
		Aptian																		113
		Barremian																		121.4
		Hauterivian																Neocomian		125.77
		Valanginian																		132.6
		Berriasian																		139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian							Oteke	Puaroan										145
		Kimmeridgian							Oteke	Puaroan										149.2
									Kawhia	Ohauan										150
										Heterian										154.5
		Oxfordian																		154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																		161.5
		Callovian								Temaikan										164.3
		Bathonian																		165.3
		Bajocian																		168.2
		Aalenian																		170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian																		174.7
		Toarcian							Herangi	Ururoan										176
		Pliensbachian								Ururoan										184.2
		Pliensbachian								Aratauran										188.9
		Sinemurian																		192.9
		Hettangian																		199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian							Balfour	Otapirian										201.4
		Norian								Warepan										208.5
										Otamitan										217
										Oretian										221
		Carnian								Oretian										227
		Carnian							Gore	Kaihikuan										227.5
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian								Kaihikuan										237
		Ladinian								Etalian										238
		Anisian								Etalian										242
		Anisian								Malakovian										246
	Early Triassic	Olenekian								Malakovian		Vokhmian								247.2
		Olenekian								Nelsonian										249
		Induan								Nelsonian										251.2
		Induan							DUrville	Makarewan										251.5
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian						Buntsandstein		Makarewan										251.902
		Changhsingian		Waiitian	253.2
		Wuchiapingian		Waiitian	Longtanian †	Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian	254.14
		Wuchiapingian		Puruhauan	Longtanian †	Late Vyatkian/Early Vyatkian	254.2
	Guadalupian	Capitanian			Ohre/Aller	Aparima	Flettian	Late Severodvinian/Early Severodvinian	259.51
		Wordian			Leine		Flettian	Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian	264.28
		Wordian			Leine		Barettian	Late Urzhumian/Early Urzhumian	266
		Roadian						Late Kazanian/Early Kazanian	266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian							273.01
		Kungurian					Mangapirian		276
		Artinskian					Mangapirian		283.5
							Telfordian		285
									288.5
		Sakmarian							290.1
		Asselian							293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian							298.9
		Kasimovian							303.7
		Moscovian							307
		Bashkirian							315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian							323.2
		Visean							330.9
		Tournaisian							346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian	393.3
		Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian	423
	Ludlow	Gorstian	425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian	430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	433.4
		Aeronian	438.5
		Rhuddanian	440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Ashgill						Hirnantian	443.8
		Katian							Rawtheyan	445.2
									Cautleyan	448.9 *
									Pusgillian	449.3 *
			Caradoc						Streffordian	Onnian †	449.6 *
									Cheneyan		451.5 *
									Burrellian		452.7 *
		Sandbian									453
										Actonian †	453.2 *
										Marshbrookian †	Woolstonian †	454.2 *
										Longvillian †		455.2 *
									Aurelucian	Longvillian †		456.8 *
									Aurelucian	Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian		457.4 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian	Llanvirn						Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn			458.4
		Darriwilian							Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn			461.3 *
		Dapingian							Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn			467.3
		Dapingian	Arenig						Fennian			468.4 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian							Fennian			470
									Whitlandian			471.1 *
									Moridunian			474.3 *
		Tremadocian	Tremadoc						Migneintian			477.7
									Cressagian			480.8 *
									Cressagian			Mansian †	483.55 *
												Mansian †	485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10										Merioneth	Dolgellian/Trempealeauan	Niuchehean	Taoyuanian †	Batyrbaian	Tavgian †	Ketyan †/Yurakian	485.4
		Stage 10											Festiniogian	Niuchehean					489.2 *
		Jiangshanian												Jiangshanian					489.5
																Aksaian			490.7 *
																Sakian			492.2 *
													Maentwrogian						493.1 *
		Paibian												Paibian					494
				Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian														494.7 *
				Ensyan †/Maduan/Nganasanian											Waergangian †/Youshuanian			494.9 *
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian		Series 3 †								St Davids		Guzhangian	Wangcunian †	Ayusokkanian			497
		Guzhangian			Mayan/Menevian									Guzhangian		499.5
		Drumian			Mayan/Menevian			Drumian						500.5
		Wuliuan			Stage 5 †			Wuliuan/Taijangian							Amgan/Solvan	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4						Caerfai				Duyunian			Amgan/Solvan	509
															Toyonian	Lenian †	510 *
						Botomian	512.5 *
		Stage 3				Botomian	Nangaoian					514
		Stage 3				Atdabanian	Nangaoian								515.6 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2				Meishucunian	Tommotian								521
		Stage 2					Nemakit-Daldynian								525.5
		Fortunian										Manykaian †			529
		Fortunian				Jinnigian						Manykaian †			530.7
																				538.8