PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, F. P. Agterberg, J. G. Ogg, J. Hardenbol, P. Van Veen, J. Thierry, and Z. Huang. 1995. A Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous time scale. SEPM Special Publication 54 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Cambrian of Britain		Mesozoic Subages		Carboniferous of Western Europe		Silurian of the Baltic	Permian of the Pamirs	Devonian of Eastern North America		Ordovician of Britain
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †																	2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean																		3.6
	Miocene	Messinian																		5.333
		Tortonian																		7.246
		Serravallian																		11.63
		Langhian																		13.82
		Burdigalian																		15.98
		Aquitanian																		20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																		23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian																		27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian																		33.9
		Bartonian																		37.71
		Lutetian																		41.2
		Ypresian																		47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian																		56
		Selandian																		59.2
		Danian																		61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian						Late Maastrichtian/Early Maastrichtian												66
		Campanian						Late Campanian/Middle Campanian/Early Campanian												72.1
		Santonian						Late Santonian/Middle Santonian/Early Santonian												83.6
		Coniacian						Late Coniacian/Middle Coniacian/Early Coniacian												86.3
		Turonian						Late Turonian/Middle Turonian/Early Turonian												89.8
		Cenomanian						Late Cenomanian/Middle Cenomanian/Early Cenomanian												93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian						Late Albian												100.5
								Middle Albian												106.2 *
								Early Albian												109.9 *
		Aptian						Late Aptian												113
		Aptian						Early Aptian												119.5 *
		Barremian						Late Barremian/Early Barremian												121.4
		Hauterivian						Late Hauterivian/Early Hauterivian												125.77
		Valanginian						Late Valanginian/Early Valanginian												132.6
		Berriasian						Late Berriasian												139.8
								Middle Berriasian												140.6 *
								Early Berriasian												142.7 *
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian						Late Tithonian	Middle Tithonian											145
		Tithonian						Early Tithonian	Middle Tithonian											146.3 *
		Kimmeridgian						Late Kimmeridgian												149.2
		Kimmeridgian						Early Kimmeridgian												152.2 *
		Oxfordian						Late Oxfordian	Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian											154.8
		Oxfordian							Middle Oxfordian/Early Oxfordian											157.9 *
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian						Late Callovian/Middle Callovian/Early Callovian												161.5
		Bathonian						Late Bathonian/Middle Bathonian/Early Bathonian												165.3
		Bajocian						Late Bajocian												168.2
		Bajocian						Early Bajocian												168.6 *
		Aalenian						Late Aalenian/Middle Aalenian/Early Aalenian												170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian						Late Toarcian												174.7
								Middle Toarcian												180.4 *
								Early Toarcian												182.9 *
		Pliensbachian						Late Pliensbachian/Early Pliensbachian												184.2
		Sinemurian						Late Sinemurian/Early Sinemurian												192.9
		Hettangian						Late Hettangian/Middle Hettangian/Early Hettangian												199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian																		201.4
		Norian						Sevatian												208.5
								Alaunian												213.2 *
								Lacian												216.7 *
		Carnian						Tuvalian												227
		Carnian						Julian												233.4 *
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian						Longobardian												237
		Ladinian						Fassanian												239.7 *
		Anisian						Illyrian												242
								Pelsonian												243.8 *
								Bithynian												244.7 *
								Aegean												245.5 *
	Early Triassic	Olenekian						Spathian												247.2
		Olenekian		Smithian	248.9 *
		Induan		Dienerian	251.2
		Induan		Griesbachian	251.4 *
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian			Dorashamian	251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian			Longtanian †	Dzhulfian	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian				Midian	259.51
		Wordian				Midian	264.28
		Wordian				Murgabian	266.2 *
		Roadian				Murgabian	266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian				Kubergandian	273.01
		Kungurian				Bolorian	279.8
		Artinskian				Bolorian	283.5
		Artinskian				Yakhtashian	286
		Sakmarian				Sakmarian	290.1
		Asselian				Asselian	293.52
		Asselian				Asselian	Kuzel	297.7
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian					Kuzel	Mapingian †		298.9
			Stephanian				Stephanian C			300.3 *
							Stephanian B			300.9 *
							Stephanian A			301.4 *
		Kasimovian					Stephanian A			303.7
							Cantabrian			305 *
										305.9
		Moscovian								307
			Westphalian				Westphalian D			307.4 *
							Westphalian C			309.8
							Westphalian B			314.6
		Bashkirian					Westphalian B			315.2
							Westphalian A			317 *
			Namurian				Yeadonian			318.8 *
							Marsdenian			320.2 *
							Kinderscoutian			321.5 *
							Alportian			322 *
							Chokierian			323.1 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian					Chokierian			323.2
							Arnsbergian			324 *
							Pendleian			327.4 *
		Visean	Warnantian				Brigantian †			330.9
			Livian				Asbian †			336.3 *
			Moliniacian				Holkerian †/Arundian/Chadian			340.2 *
		Tournaisian	Ivorian						346.7
		Tournaisian	Hastarian						353.7 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian							Conewangan/Conneautan/Canadaway	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian							West Fallsian/Sonyean	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian							Geneseean/Taghanican/Tioughniogan	Cazenovian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian							Southwoodian	Cazenovian	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian							Sawkillian/Deer Parkian	Helderbergian	393.3
		Pragian									407.6
		Lochkovian									410.8
Silurian	Pridoli									Ohesaare		Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle	Whitcliffe/Leintwardine	419.2
										Ohesaare			Bringewood/Elton	421.3
										Kaugetuma			Bringewood/Elton	421.7 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian								Kuressaare		Coalbrookdale	Wenlock (England)/Tickwood	423
		Ludfordian								Paadla			Wenlock (England)/Tickwood	423.4 *
		Gorstian												425.6
		Gorstian											Buildwas	426.4 *
	Wenlock	Homerian								Rootsikula			Buildwas	427.4
										Rootsikula		Wych	Woolhope	428.4 *
										Jaagarahu				429.2 *
		Sheinwoodian								Jaagarahu				430.5
		Sheinwoodian								Jaani				431.8 *
	Llandovery	Telychian								Jaani				433.4
										Adavere				434 *
														436.3 *
		Aeronian												438.5
												Cowleigh Park		439.3 *
										Raikkula				439.4 *
		Rhuddanian		440.8						Raikkula
		Rhuddanian		Juuru						441.4 *
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian			Ashgill					Hirnantian				443.8
		Katian								Rawtheyan				445.2
										Cautleyan				448.9 *
										Pusgillian				449.3 *
					Caradoc					Streffordian				Onnian †	449.6 *
										Cheneyan					451.5 *
										Burrellian					452.7 *
		Sandbian													453
														Actonian †	453.2 *
														Marshbrookian †	Woolstonian †	454.2 *
														Longvillian †		455.2 *
						Aurelucian				456.8 *				Longvillian †
						Aurelucian				Soudleyan †/Harnagian/Costonian					457.4 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian			Llanvirn	Llandeilian/Llandeilo/Late Llandeilo/Middle Llandeilo/Early Llandeilo/Late Llanvirn									458.4
		Darriwilian				Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn									461.3 *
		Dapingian				Abereiddian/Early Llanvirn									467.3
		Dapingian			Arenig	Fennian									468.4 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian				Fennian		470
						Whitlandian		471.1 *
						Moridunian		474.3 *
		Tremadocian			Tremadoc	Migneintian		477.7
					Tremadoc	Cressagian		480.8 *
								485 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10						Merioneth							Dolgellian/Trempealeauan	Late Cambrian	485.4
		Stage 10													Festiniogian		489.2 *
		Jiangshanian													Festiniogian		489.5
		Jiangshanian													Maentwrogian		493.1 *
		Paibian													Maentwrogian		494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian						Series 3 †							St Davids		Middle Cambrian	497
		Drumian																500.5
		Wuliuan																Stage 5 †	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4															Caerfai	Early Cambrian	509
	Series 2	Stage 3																	514
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2																	521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian																	529
																				538.8