PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
J. Palfy, P. L. Smith, and J. K. Mortensen. 2000. A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar time scale for the Jurassic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37(6):923-944 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view
F. F. Steininger, W. A. Berggren, D. V. Kent, R. L. Bernor, S. Sen and J. Agusti. 1996. Circum-Mediterranean Neogene (Miocene and Pliocene) marine-continental chronologic correlations of European mammal units. The Evolution of Western Eurasian Neogene Mammal Faunas (eds. R. L. Bernor, V. Fahlbusch, and H.-W. Mittmann) view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Cambrian of West Avalonia	Cenozoic Subepochs	Ammonite Chrons of North America			Ordovician of North America						Carboniferous Subepochs	European Faunal Units	European Faunal Zones
Quaternary	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene					Late Pleistocene													0.0117
		Chibanian					Middle Pleistocene													0.129
		Calabrian					Early Pleistocene													0.774
		Gelasian					Early Pleistocene												MN 17	1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †				Late Pliocene											Villanyian	MN 16	2.58
																		Ruscinian	MN 16	3.1 *
																			MN 15	3.2
		Zanclean					Early Pliocene												MN 15	3.6
																			MN 14	4.2
																			MN 13	4.9
	Miocene	Messinian					Late Miocene											Turolian	MN 13	5.333
		Tortonian																	MN 12	7.246
																			MN 11	7.75
																		Vallesian	MN 10	8.7
																			MN 9	9.7
																			MN 7 + 8	11.1
		Serravallian					Middle Miocene											Astaracian	MN 7 + 8	11.63
		Serravallian																	MN 6	12.8 *
		Langhian																	MN 5	13.82
		Burdigalian					Early Miocene											Orleanian	MN 4	15.98
																		Orleanian	MN 3	16.9
																		Agenian	MN 2	20
		Aquitanian																	MN 2	20.44
		Aquitanian																	MN 1	22.4
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian					Late Oligocene													23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian					Early Oligocene													27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian					Late Eocene													33.9
		Bartonian					Middle Eocene													37.71
		Lutetian					Middle Eocene													41.2
		Ypresian					Early Eocene													47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian					Late Paleocene													56
		Selandian					Middle Paleocene													59.2
		Danian					Early Paleocene													61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																		66
		Campanian																		72.1
		Santonian																		83.6
		Coniacian																		86.3
		Turonian																		89.8
		Cenomanian																		93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																		100.5
		Aptian																		113
		Barremian																		121.4
		Hauterivian																		125.77
		Valanginian																		132.6
		Berriasian																		139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian																		145
		Kimmeridgian																		149.2
		Oxfordian																		154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																		161.5
		Bathonian																		165.3
		Bajocian						Epizigzagiceras												168.2
		Bajocian						Rotundum/Oblatum/Kirschneri/Crassicostatus/Widebayense												168.4
		Aalenian						Howelli/Scissum/Westermanni												170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian						Yakounensis/Hillebrandti/Crassicosta												174.7
								Planulata												179.3 *
								Planulata		Arnioceras arnouldi										179.8 *
								Kanense												181.3 *
								Carlottense												182.3 *
								Kunae												183.5 *
		Pliensbachian						Kunae												184.2
								Freboldi												185.1 *
								Whiteavesi/Imlayi	Tetraspidoceras											186.2 *
									Tetraspidoceras											189.2 *
								Plesechioceras harbledownense/Asteroceras varians/Coroniceras	Canadensis											190.3 *
		Sinemurian		192.9
				Pseudaetomoceras	Psiloceras	196.4 *
				Franziceras/Euphyllites				196.5 *
		Hettangian		Franziceras/Euphyllites				199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian						201.4
		Norian						208.5
		Carnian						227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian						237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian						242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian						247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan						251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian						251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian						Longtanian †	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian							259.51
		Wordian							264.28
		Roadian							266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian							273.01
		Artinskian							283.5
		Sakmarian							290.1
		Asselian							293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian							Late Pennsylvanian	298.9
		Kasimovian							Late Pennsylvanian	303.7
		Moscovian							Middle Pennsylvanian	307
		Bashkirian							Early Pennsylvanian	315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian							Late Mississippian	323.2
		Visean							Middle Mississippian	330.9
		Tournaisian							Early Mississippian	346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian								358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian								372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian								382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian								387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian								393.3
		Pragian								407.6
		Lochkovian	410.8
Silurian	Pridoli		419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian	423
	Ludlow	Gorstian	425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian	427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian	430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian	433.4
		Aeronian	438.5
		Rhuddanian	440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian	Cincinnatian				Gamachian			443.8
		Katian					Gamachian			445.2
							Richmondian			446 *
							Maysvillian			Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
							Edenian				450.4 *
			Mohawkian				Chatfieldian				451.1 *
		Sandbian					Chatfieldian				453
							Turinian				453.7 *
			Whiterockian							Canadian †	Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian										458.4
		Dapingian										467.3
		Dapingian					Rangerian					469.1 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian	Ibexian				Blackhillsian				Jeffersonian †	Cassinian †	470
		Floian					Tulean						473.9 *
		Tremadocian					Tulean						477.7
							Stairsian						480.3 *
							Skullrockian					Demingian †	482 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10					Skullrockian						Merioneth	Dolgellian/Trempealeauan	Late Cambrian	485.4
														Dolgellian/Trempealeauan		487.5
														Festiniogian		489.2 *
		Jiangshanian												Festiniogian		489.5
		Jiangshanian												Maentwrogian		493.1 *
		Paibian												Maentwrogian		494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian											Series 3 †	St Davids		Middle Cambrian	497
		Guzhangian				Arcadian											498.4
		Drumian															500.5
		Wuliuan		Stage 5 †	504.5
	Series 2	Stage 4				Branchian		Caerfai					Early Cambrian	509
		Stage 3				Branchian								514
		Stage 3				Placentian								517.1
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2												521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian												529
																				538.8