PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Cambrian of North America		Carboniferous Subepochs	Ordovician of Ibero-Bohemia				Permian-Jurassic of New Zealand		Cambrian of West Avalonia	Devonian of Eastern North America		Carboniferous of North America	Permian of the Pamirs	Permian of China	Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan																			Wanganui	Haweran	0
		Northgrippian																					0.0042
		Greenlandian																					0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene																					0.0117
		Chibanian																					0.129
		Chibanian																				Castlecliffian	0.34
		Calabrian																				Castlecliffian	0.774
		Calabrian																				Nukumaruan	1.63
		Gelasian																				Nukumaruan	1.8
		Gelasian																				Mangapanian	2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †																			Mangapanian	2.58
		Piacenzian																				Waipipian	3
		Zanclean																				Waipipian	3.6
		Zanclean																				Opoitian	3.7
	Miocene	Messinian																			Taranaki	Kapitean	5.333
		Messinian																				Tongaporutuan	7.2
		Tortonian																				Tongaporutuan	7.246
		Tortonian																			Southland	Waiauan	11.04
		Serravallian																				Waiauan	11.63
		Serravallian																				Lillburnian	13.05
		Langhian																				Lillburnian	13.82
																						Clifdenian	15.1
																					Pareora	Altonian	15.9
		Burdigalian																				Altonian	15.98
		Burdigalian																				Otaian	18.7
		Aquitanian																				Otaian	20.44
		Aquitanian																			Landon	Waitakian	21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																				Waitakian	23.03
																						Duntroonian	25.2
																						Whaingaroan	27.3
		Rupelian																					27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian																					33.9
																					Arnold	Runangan	34.6
																						Kaiatan	36.7
		Bartonian																				Kaiatan	37.71
		Bartonian																				Bortonian	39.1
		Lutetian																				Bortonian	41.2
																					Dannevirke	Porangan	42.6
																						Heretaungan	45.7
		Ypresian																				Heretaungan	47.8
																						Mangaorapan	48.9
																						Waipawan	52
	Paleocene	Thanetian																				Teurian	56
		Selandian																					59.2
		Danian																					61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian																			Mata	Haumurian	66
		Campanian																				Haumurian	72.1
		Santonian																				Piripauan	83.6
		Santonian																			Raukumara	Teratan	86.1
		Coniacian																					86.3
		Turonian																					89.8
																						Mangaotanean	90.5
																						Arowhanan	93.7
		Cenomanian																				Arowhanan	93.9
																					Clarence	Ngaterian	95.2
																						Motuan	99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																				Motuan	100.5
																						Urutawan	103.3
																					Taitai	Korangan	108.4
		Aptian																				Korangan	113
		Aptian																					117.5
		Barremian																					121.4
		Hauterivian																					125.77
		Valanginian																					132.6
		Berriasian		139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian		Oteke	Puaroan		145
		Kimmeridgian		Oteke	Puaroan		149.2
				Kawhia	Ohauan		150
					Heterian		154.5
		Oxfordian					154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian					161.5
		Callovian			Temaikan		164.3
		Bathonian					165.3
		Bajocian					168.2
		Aalenian					170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian					174.7
		Toarcian		Herangi	Ururoan		176
		Pliensbachian			Ururoan		184.2
		Pliensbachian			Aratauran		188.9
		Sinemurian					192.9
		Hettangian					199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian		Balfour	Otapirian		201.4
		Norian			Warepan		208.5
					Otamitan		217
					Oretian		221
		Carnian			Oretian		227
		Carnian		Gore	Kaihikuan		227.5
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian			Kaihikuan		237
		Ladinian			Etalian		238
		Anisian			Etalian		242
		Anisian			Malakovian		246
	Early Triassic	Olenekian			Malakovian		247.2
		Olenekian			Nelsonian		249
		Induan			Nelsonian		251.2
		Induan		DUrville	Makarewan		251.5
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian			Makarewan		Dorashamian	Meishanian	251.902
					Waiitian			Meishanian	253.2
								Baoqingian	253.4 *
		Wuchiapingian					Longtanian †	Dzhulfian	Laoshanian	254.14
					Puruhauan				Laoshanian	254.2
					Puruhauan				Laibinian	257.7 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian			Aparima		Flettian	Midian	Lengwuan	259.51
		Wordian					Flettian		Kuhfengian	264.28
							Barettian			266
								Murgabian		266.2 *
		Roadian						Murgabian		266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian						Kubergandian	Luodianian	273.01
							Mangapirian	Kubergandian		276
								Bolorian		279.8
		Artinskian	283.5
			Telfordian				285
							Longlinian		285.4 *
								Yakhtashian	286
								Yakhtashian	288.5
		Sakmarian						Sakmarian	290.1
		Asselian					Bursumian †	Asselian	Zisongian	293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian					Late Pennsylvanian	Virgilian	Zisongian		298.9
		Gzhelian						Virgilian			300.1
		Kasimovian						Missourian			303.7
		Kasimovian						Desmoinesian			305.9 *
		Moscovian					Middle Pennsylvanian	Desmoinesian			307
		Moscovian					Middle Pennsylvanian	Atokan			312.7 *
		Bashkirian					Early Pennsylvanian	Atokan			315.2
		Bashkirian					Early Pennsylvanian	Morrowan			318.4 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian					Late Mississippian	Chesterian			323.2
		Visean					Middle Mississippian	Chesterian			330.9
								Meramecian			335.8 *
								Osagean			343.1 *
		Tournaisian					Early Mississippian	Osagean			346.7
		Tournaisian				Kinderhookian	Early Mississippian	351.9 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian					Conewangan/Conneautan/Canadaway				358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian					West Fallsian/Sonyean				372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian					Geneseean/Taghanican/Tioughniogan				Cazenovian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian					Southwoodian				Cazenovian	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian					Sawkillian/Deer Parkian				Helderbergian	393.3
		Pragian										407.6
		Lochkovian										410.8
Silurian	Pridoli											419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian										423
	Ludlow	Gorstian										425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian										427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian										430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian										433.4
		Aeronian										438.5
		Rhuddanian										440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian										Kosovian	443.8
		Katian										Kralodvorian	Bohdalec †	445.2
		Katian										Berounian		449.7 *
		Sandbian												453
														Zahorany †/Vinice	Letna †	456.2 *
													Liben †			458 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian														458.4
												Dobrotivian				458.5 *
												Oretanian				459.7 *
													Sarka †			461.7 *
		Dapingian											Klabava †			467.3
		Dapingian										Arenigian				468
	Early Ordovician	Floian										Arenigian				470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian										Tremadocian				477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10										Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan					485.4
		Stage 10															Sunwaptan	487.5
		Jiangshanian															Sunwaptan	489.5
		Jiangshanian															Steptoean	493 *
		Paibian															Steptoean	494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian										Series 3 †					Marjumian	Albertian †	497
		Guzhangian		Arcadian															498.4
		Drumian																	500.5
		Wuliuan															Stage 5 †		Topazan	504.5
		Wuliuan															Stage 5 †		Delamaran	506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4															Waucoban †	Branchian	Delamaran	509
		Stage 4																	Dyeran	511 *
		Stage 3																	Dyeran	514
																			Montezuman	514.8 *
																		Placentian	Montezuman	517.1
																			Begadean	519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2																		521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian																		529
																							538.8