PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
J. A. Lillegraven and M. C. McKenna. 1986. Fossil mammals from the "Mesaverde" Formation (Late Cretaceous, Judithian) of the Bighorn and Wind River basins, Wyoming, with definitions of Late Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal "Ages". American Museum Novitates 2840:1-68 view
M. Kretzoi. 1942. Necroteuthis n. g. (Ceph. Dibr., Necroteuthidae N. F.) aus dem Oligozän von Budapest und das system der Dibranchiata. Földtani Közlöny 72:125-238 view
B. D. Webby. 1998. Steps toward a global standard for Ordovician stratigraphy. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 36:1-33 view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Cambrian of North America		Devonian of Eastern North America		Silurian Ages of Europe	Silurian of England		Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal Ages	Silurian of the Baltic	Ordovician of North America
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan																			0
		Northgrippian																			0.0042
		Greenlandian																			0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene																			0.0117
		Chibanian																			0.129
		Calabrian																			0.774
		Gelasian																			1.8
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †																		2.58
	Pliocene	Zanclean																			3.6
	Miocene	Messinian																			5.333
		Tortonian																			7.246
		Serravallian																			11.63
		Langhian																			13.82
		Burdigalian																			15.98
		Aquitanian																			20.44
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian																			23.03
	Oligocene	Rupelian																			27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian																			33.9
		Bartonian																			37.71
		Lutetian																			41.2
		Ypresian																			47.8
	Paleocene	Thanetian																			56
		Selandian																			59.2
		Danian																			61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian											Lancian/Edmontonian								66
		Campanian											Judithian/Aquilan								72.1
		Santonian																			83.6
		Coniacian																			86.3
		Turonian																			89.8
		Cenomanian																			93.9
	Early Cretaceous	Albian																			100.5
		Aptian																			113
		Barremian																			121.4
		Hauterivian																			125.77
		Valanginian																			132.6
		Berriasian																			139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian																			145
		Kimmeridgian																			149.2
		Oxfordian																			154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian																			161.5
		Bathonian																			165.3
		Bajocian																			168.2
		Aalenian																			170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian																			174.7
		Pliensbachian																			184.2
		Sinemurian																			192.9
		Hettangian																			199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian																			201.4
		Norian																			208.5
		Carnian																			227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian																			237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian																			242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian																			247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan																			251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian																			251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †																	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian																			259.51
		Wordian																			264.28
		Roadian																			266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian																			273.01
		Artinskian																			283.5
		Sakmarian																			290.1
		Asselian																			293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian																			298.9
		Kasimovian			303.7
		Moscovian			307
		Bashkirian			315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian			323.2
		Visean			330.9
		Tournaisian			346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian			Conewangan/Conneautan/Canadaway	358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian			West Fallsian/Sonyean	372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian			Geneseean/Taghanican/Tioughniogan	Cazenovian	382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian			Southwoodian	Cazenovian	387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian			Sawkillian/Deer Parkian	Helderbergian	393.3
		Pragian					407.6
		Lochkovian					410.8
Silurian	Pridoli						Red Downtonian/Temeside Shales/Downton Castle	Whitcliffe/Leintwardine	Ohesaare	419.2
								Bringewood/Elton	Ohesaare	421.3
								Bringewood/Elton	Kaugetuma	421.7 *
	Ludlow	Ludfordian					Coalbrookdale	Wenlock (England)/Tickwood	Kuressaare	423
		Ludfordian						Wenlock (England)/Tickwood	Paadla	423.4 *
		Gorstian								425.6
		Gorstian						Buildwas		426.4 *
	Wenlock	Homerian						Buildwas	Gleedonian	Rootsikula	427.4
							Wych	Woolhope		Rootsikula	428.4 *
										Jaagarahu	429.2 *
									Whitwellian		429.7 *
		Sheinwoodian							430.5
		Sheinwoodian							Jaani	431.8 *
	Llandovery	Telychian							Jaani	433.4
									Adavere	434 *
										436.3 *
		Aeronian								438.5
							Cowleigh Park			439.3 *
									Raikkula	439.4 *
		Rhuddanian							Raikkula	440.8
		Rhuddanian							Juuru	441.4 *
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian								Cincinnatian	Gamachian	Harju	Porkuni	443.8
		Katian									Gamachian		Pirgu	445.2
											Richmondian		Pirgu	446 *
											Richmondian		Vormsi	449.6 *
											Maysvillian		Vormsi	Rocklandian †/Shermanian/Ashbyan/Kirkfieldian/Blackriveran/Wildernessian/Trentonian/Franklinian	449.8 *
											Maysvillian		Nabala		Johvi †	450 *
											Edenian		Nabala			450.4 *
											Edenian	Viru	Rakvere			450.6 *
										Mohawkian	Chatfieldian		Rakvere			451.1 *
													Oandu			452 *
		Sandbian											Keila		Idavere †	453
											Turinian		Keila			453.7 *
													Haljala			453.9
													Kukruse			456.4 *
										Whiterockian			Kukruse	Canadian †		Chazyan †/Marmor	457 *
													Uhaku		Aluoja †		457.5 *
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian											Uhaku				458.4
													Lasnamagi				458.9 *
													Aseri				460.4 *
												Oeland	Kunda				462.9 *
													Kunda		Valaste †/Hunderum		464.3 *
													Volkhov				Langevoja †/Vaana/Saka	467.1 *
		Dapingian		467.3
				Rangerian							469.1 *
				Rangerian							Billingen		469.3 *
	Early Ordovician	Floian		Ibexian						Blackhillsian			Jeffersonian †			Cassinian †		470
															Latorp †			470.1 *
											Hunneberg							473.7 *
										Tulean								473.9 *
		Tremadocian								Tulean								477.7
										Stairsian								480.3 *
										Stairsian	Varangu							481.3 *
										Skullrockian	Varangu					Demingian †		482 *
											Pakerort					Demingian †		482.2 *
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10									Pakerort		Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan						485.4
																			486.3 *
																			486.5
				Sunwaptan																487.5
		Jiangshanian		Sunwaptan																489.5
		Jiangshanian		Steptoean																493 *
		Paibian		Steptoean																494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian		Series 3 †	Marjumian								Albertian †							497
		Drumian			Marjumian															500.5
		Wuliuan			Stage 5 †	Topazan														504.5
		Wuliuan			Stage 5 †	Delamaran														506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4				Delamaran							Waucoban †							509
		Stage 4				Dyeran														511 *
		Stage 3				Dyeran														514
						Montezuman														514.8 *
						Begadean														519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2																		521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian																		529
																					538.8