PBDB Timescale

Obsolete Names for ICS Units

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view
K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, and A. G. Smith. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004 1-589 view
A. D. Barnosky, M. Holmes, R. Kirchholtes, E. Lindsey, K.C. Maguire, A.W. Poust, M.A. Stegner, J. Sunseri, B. Swartz, J. Swift, N.A. Villavicencio and G. Wogan. 2014. Prelude to the Anthropocene: Two new North American Land Mammal Ages (NALMAs). The Anthropocene Review I(3):225-242 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view

There are 55 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 92 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Obsolete Names for ICS Units			Cambrian of North America		Carbo-Permian of the Russian Platform	Permian of Western Europe	Devonian Subages	Silurian Ages of Europe	Cenozoic Subepochs	North American Land Mammal Ages	Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan											Saintaugustinean	Wanganui	Haweran	0
		Meghalayan											Santarosean			0.0004
		Northgrippian														0.0042
		Greenlandian														0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene										Late Pleistocene				0.0117
		Late Pleistocene										Late Pleistocene	Rancholabrean			0.014
		Chibanian										Middle Pleistocene	Rancholabrean			0.129
													Irvingtonian			0.21
															Castlecliffian	0.34
		Calabrian										Early Pleistocene				0.774
													Blancan			1.4
															Nukumaruan	1.63
		Gelasian													Nukumaruan	1.8
		Gelasian													Mangapanian	2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	Tertiary †									Late Pliocene			Mangapanian	2.58
		Piacenzian										Late Pliocene			Waipipian	3
		Zanclean										Early Pliocene			Waipipian	3.6
															Opoitian	3.7
													Hemphillian		Opoitian	4.7
	Miocene	Messinian										Late Miocene		Taranaki	Kapitean	5.333
		Messinian													Tongaporutuan	7.2
		Tortonian														7.246
													Clarendonian			9.4
														Southland	Waiauan	11.04
		Serravallian										Middle Miocene				11.63
													Barstovian			12.5
															Lillburnian	13.05
		Langhian													Lillburnian	13.82
															Clifdenian	15.1
														Pareora	Altonian	15.9
		Burdigalian										Early Miocene				15.98
													Hemingfordian			16.3
													Arikareean			18.5
															Otaian	18.7
		Aquitanian													Otaian	20.44
		Aquitanian												Landon	Waitakian	21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian										Late Oligocene			Waitakian	23.03
															Duntroonian	25.2
															Whaingaroan	27.3
		Rupelian										Early Oligocene				27.82
													Whitneyan			29.5
													Orellan			31.8
	Eocene	Priabonian										Late Eocene	Chadronian			33.9
														Arnold	Runangan	34.6
															Kaiatan	36.7
													Duchesnean			37
		Bartonian										Middle Eocene				37.71
															Bortonian	39.1
													Uintan			39.7
		Lutetian														41.2
														Dannevirke	Porangan	42.6
															Heretaungan	45.7
													Bridgerian			46.2
		Ypresian										Early Eocene				47.8
															Mangaorapan	48.9
													Wasatchian		Mangaorapan	50.5
													Wasatchian		Waipawan	52
													Clarkforkian		Waipawan	54.9
	Paleocene	Thanetian										Late Paleocene	Clarkforkian		Teurian	56
		Thanetian										Late Paleocene	Tiffanian			56.2
		Selandian										Middle Paleocene	Tiffanian			59.2
		Selandian										Middle Paleocene	Torrejonian			60.9
		Danian										Early Paleocene	Torrejonian			61.6
		Danian										Early Paleocene	Puercan			63.8
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian				Mata	Haumurian	66
		Campanian					Haumurian	72.1
		Santonian					Piripauan	83.6
		Santonian				Raukumara	Teratan	86.1
		Coniacian						86.3
		Turonian						89.8
							Mangaotanean	90.5
							Arowhanan	93.7
		Cenomanian					Arowhanan	93.9
						Clarence	Ngaterian	95.2
							Motuan	99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian					Motuan	100.5
							Urutawan	103.3
						Taitai	Korangan	108.4
		Aptian					Korangan	113
		Aptian						117.5
		Barremian						121.4
		Hauterivian						125.77
		Valanginian						132.6
		Berriasian						139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian						145
		Kimmeridgian						149.2
		Oxfordian						154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian						161.5
		Bathonian						165.3
		Bajocian						168.2
		Aalenian						170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian						174.7
		Pliensbachian						184.2
		Sinemurian						192.9
		Hettangian						199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian						201.4
		Norian						208.5
		Carnian						227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian						237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian						242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian						247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan						251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian						Melekhovian	251.902
	Lopingian	Wuchiapingian							Longtanian †	Zechstein	254.14
	Guadalupian	Capitanian								Rotliegendes	259.51
		Wordian									264.28
		Wordian						Noginskian			264.9 *
		Roadian									266.9
	Cisuralian	Kungurian									273.01
		Kungurian						Pavlovoposadian			276.8 *
		Artinskian						Pavlovoposadian		Autunian	283.5
		Artinskian						Rusavkinian			287.6 *
		Sakmarian									290.1
		Asselian									293.52
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian									298.9
		Kasimovian						Dorogomilovian			303.7
								Khamovnikian			304.8
								Krevyakinian			305.8 *
		Moscovian						Myachkovian			307
								Podolskian			308.9 *
								Kashirian			311.4 *
								Vereian			313.8
								Melekessian			314.8
		Bashkirian						Melekessian			315.2
								Cheremshanian			316.9 *
								Prikamian			318.6 *
								Severokeltmian			319.9 *
								Krasnopolyanian			321.2 *
			Voznesenian	321.9 *
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian	Zapaltjubian	323.2
			Protvian	324.4 *
			Steshevian	326.8 *
			Tarusian	329 *
		Visean	Venevian	330.9
			Mikhailovian	331.9 *
			Aleksinian	333.7 *
			Tulian	335.8 *
			Bobrikian	339.9 *
			Radaevkian	343.4 *
		Tournaisian	Kosvian	346.7
			Kizelian	350.7 *
			Cherepetian	351.9 *
			Karakubian	354.4 *
			Upinian	356.3 *
			Malevkian	357.6 *
			Gumerovian	358 *
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian		Late Famennian	358.9
				Middle Famennian	365.3 *
				Early Famennian	368.5 *
		Frasnian		Late Frasnian	372.2
				Middle Frasnian	375.4 *
				Early Frasnian	379.3 *
	Middle Devonian	Givetian		Late Givetian	382.7
				Middle Givetian	383.7 *
				Early Givetian	385.9 *
		Eifelian		Late Eifelian	387.7
		Eifelian		Early Eifelian	390.3 *
	Early Devonian	Emsian		Late Emsian	393.3
		Emsian		Early Emsian	398.3 *
		Pragian		Pragian	407.6
		Lochkovian		Late Lochkovian	410.8
				Middle Lochkovian	412.8 *
				Early Lochkovian	415.6 *
Silurian	Pridoli				419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian			423
	Ludlow	Gorstian			425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian			Gleedonian	427.4
		Homerian			Whitwellian	429.7 *
		Sheinwoodian				430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian				433.4
		Aeronian				438.5
		Rhuddanian				440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian				443.8
		Katian				445.2
		Sandbian				453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian				458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian				467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian				470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian				477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10				Franconian †/Dresbachian/Millardan	Late Cambrian	485.4
		Stage 10						Sunwaptan	487.5
		Jiangshanian						Sunwaptan	489.5
		Jiangshanian						Steptoean	493 *
		Paibian						Steptoean	494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian				Series 3 †	Marjumian	Albertian †	Middle Cambrian	497
		Drumian					Marjumian			500.5
		Wuliuan					Stage 5 †			Topazan	504.5
		Wuliuan					Stage 5 †			Delamaran	506.5
	Series 2	Stage 4						Waucoban †	Early Cambrian	Delamaran	509
		Stage 4								Dyeran	511 *
		Stage 3								Dyeran	514
										Montezuman	514.8 *
										Begadean	519.9 *
	Terreneuvian	Stage 2									521
	Terreneuvian	Fortunian									529
																538.8